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JavaFX programming
The document discusses JavaFX programming techniques focusing on the model-view-controller (MVC) architecture, detailing the role of controllers in FXML and application design. It explains how to manage complex user interactions in graphical applications using MVC principles, including mapping concepts to JavaFX components. Additionally, it covers FXML attributes for controller definition, event handler registration, and accessing controller instances for efficient data handling.
JavaFX programming
- 1. JavaFX programming Tecniche diProgrammazione – A.A. 2012/2013
- 2. Summary 1. Model-View-Controller 2. The Controller in FXML 3. Charts 2 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 3. Model-View-Controller JavaFX programming
- 4. Application complexity andMVC Interactive, graphical applications exhibit complex interaction patterns Flow of control is in the hand of the user Actions are mainly asynchronous How to organize the program? Where to store data? How to decouple application logic from interface details? How to keep in sync the inner data with the visibile interface? 4 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 5. Media Player example 5 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 6. MVC pattern defined 6 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 7. Normal life-cycle ofinteraction 7 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 8. Mapping concepts toJavaFX View: presenting the UI FXML The Nodes in the Scene Graph Controller: reacting to user actions Set of event handlers Model: handling the data Class(es) including data Persistent data in Data Bases 8 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 9. Design Exercise Imagine an application managing a list of items (e.g., names) Different items in the user interface should manage the same set of data, with different criteria and actions Where do you declare the data class? Which class should have access to which? Who creates what objects? 9 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 10. A possible solution 10 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 11. The Controller inFXML JavaFX programming
- 12. The Controller inFXML Several attributes in FXML help in the definition of the Controller behavior associated to a scene Identification of the Controller class Injection of Node identifiers (references) Registration of event handlers Additionally, the JavaFX Scene Builder may generate a «controller skeleton» for inclusion in the project 12 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 13. Defining the Controllerclass The Root element of the scene graph may specify a fx: controller attribute <BorderPane id="BorderPane" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com /fxml" fx:controller="it.polito.te cnprogr.RuzzleController"> 13 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 14. fx:controller attribute Associate a "controller" class with an FXML document Automatically create the instance when FXML is loaded Should include event handler methods May include an initialize() method public void initialize(); called once when the contents of its associated document have been completely loaded any necessary post-processing on the content 14 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 15. Accessing the controllerinstance The Application often needs to communicate with the controller object E.g., to call setModel() FXMLLoader provides this information URL location = getClass().getResource("example.fxml"); FXMLLoader fxmlLoader = new FXMLLoader(location); Pane root = (Pane)fxmlLoader.load(); MyController controller = (MyController)fxmlLoader.getController(); 15 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 16. Injection of Nodereferences The controller code may directly access various Nodes in the associated scene graph The attribute @FXML associates a Node variable with the corresponding node, with the same fx:id value as the variable name No more error-prone «lookup» calls... Local variables in the controller instance Try:View | Show Sample Controller Skeleton on the Scene Builder! @FXML // fx:id="theTitle" private Label theTitle; 16 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 17. Registration of EventHandlers In FXML, you may set a event handler through attributes onAction, onKeyTyped, onMouseClicked, ... hundreds more ... The value should be the #name of a method in the controller class With the right signature for the event type <Button fx:id="cercaBtn" @FXML onAction="#doCercaParola" void doCercaParola ( text="Cerca" /> ActionEvent event ) { 17 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
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- 19. Resources API http://docs.oracle.com/javafx/2/api/index.html FXML Controller http://docs.oracle.com/javafx/2/api/javafx/fxml/doc- files/introduction_to_fxml.html#controllers Books Head First Design Patterns, chapter 12 21 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013
- 20. Licenza d’uso Queste diapositive sono distribuite con licenza Creative Commons “Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Condividi allo stesso modo (CC BY-NC-SA)” Sei libero: di riprodurre, distribuire, comunicare al pubblico, esporre in pubblico, rappresentare, eseguire e recitare quest'opera di modificare quest'opera Alle seguenti condizioni: Attribuzione — Devi attribuire la paternità dell'opera agli autori originali e in modo tale da non suggerire che essi avallino te o il modo in cui tu usi l'opera. Non commerciale — Non puoi usare quest'opera per fini commerciali. Condividi allo stesso modo — Se alteri o trasformi quest'opera, o se la usi per crearne un'altra, puoi distribuire l'opera risultante solo con una licenza identica o equivalente a questa. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ 22 Tecniche di programmazione A.A. 2012/2013