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Open Source
The document provides an overview of open source software, its principles, and how open source projects operate, including the necessary platforms and tools for development. It discusses the motivations for open source collaboration, highlights companies and individuals that contribute to it, and mentions the benefits of using and contributing to open source software. Additionally, it notes various educational resources and government initiatives that promote open source collaboration.
Open Source
- 1. Open Source Kartik Subbarao Consultant kartiksubbarao.com subbarao@computer.org Twitter: @kartiksubbarao LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/kartiksubbarao
- 2. What is OpenSource Software? ● The Open Source Initiative maintains a definition: http://opensource.org/osd ● Some key points: – Free Redistribution – Source Code – Derived Works ● Examples of open source licenses: FreeBSD, MIT, GPL
- 3. Examples of OpenSource Software Linux VLC
- 4. How Open SourceProjects Work ● Minimum requirements: – A way to publish source code – A way to communicate with users/contributors ● Platforms for open source development – Examples: GitHub, SourceForge, Google Code – Version Control (e.g. Git, Subversion, Mercurial) – Mailing Lists / Discussion Forums – Issue Tracking – Documentation
- 5. Version Control ● Manage changes to source code by multiple contributors over time ● Capabilities have evolved from single system, to client/server, to distributed version control ● Common tasks: – Pull/push code from/to a repository – Show differences between two versions of a file – Create snapshot releases of the entire project
- 10. Mailing Lists /Discussion Forums ● Open Source projects are commonly coordinated by email/web discussions ● Can have different mailing lists for developers, users and announcements ● The goals, progress and culture of a project are are shaped and conveyed by these discussions
- 12. Issue Tracking ● Track bugs/enhancements/issues ● Prioritize items ● Delegate to specific people ● Discuss resolution in context
- 14. Why Does OpenSource Work? ● Environmental Factors – Easy access to connectivity and knowledge – Common Language – Tools – Network Effects ● Intrinsic Factors – Motivations: Individual; Altruistic; Abundance/Flow – Collaboration – Different motivations can work together
- 15. Companies Using OpenSource ● Google, Amazon, Facebook, Twitter and others were built with open source ● 2010 Gartner Survey: 75% of Global 2000 companies uses open source software ● Benefits include zero licensing cost, choice, flexibility, access to source code ● file/print/web/app/database/cloud servers, monitoring, office, collaboration, others ● Commercial support is available from a range of companies, depending on the software
- 16. Companies Contributing to Open Source ● Red Hat, Google, Facebook, Twitter and others are significant contributors to open source ● 2010 Accenture Survey: 29% of 300 large companies contribute to open source software ● Benefits include reduced maintenance overhead, development of industry standards, visibility, increased employee engagement
- 17. How to Contribute ● Open Source projects are ongoing experiments in network-enabled collaboration ● Enhancements ● Bugfixes ● Documentation ● Answering Questions ● Facilitation
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- 22. Education ● Open Courses – MIT Open CourseWare – http://ocw.mit.edu – Berkeley Courses – http://webcast.berkeley.edu – Open Yale Courses – http://oyc.yale.edu – Stanford Class2Go -- http://class2go.stanford.edu/ – Others, including: http://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses ● Open Source Textbooks – Openstax College – http://openstaxcollege.org/ – College Open Textbooks – http://collegeopentextbooks.org/
- 23. Government ● data.gov – Government data and statistics ● opensourceforamerica.org and codeforamerica.org – Organizations promoting open source collaboration among government/citizens at all levels
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- 27. Other Areas ● Quantified Self ● Genealogy ● Genomics