KEMBAR78
Open Source | PDF
Open Source

              Kartik Subbarao
                Consultant

          kartiksubbarao.com
        subbarao@computer.org

              Twitter: @kartiksubbarao
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/kartiksubbarao
What is Open Source Software?

●   The Open Source Initiative maintains a
    definition:
    http://opensource.org/osd
●   Some key points:
    –   Free Redistribution
    –   Source Code
    –   Derived Works
●   Examples of open source licenses: FreeBSD,
    MIT, GPL
Examples of Open Source Software




 Linux




                  VLC
How Open Source Projects Work

●   Minimum requirements:
    –   A way to publish source code
    –   A way to communicate with users/contributors
●   Platforms for open source development
    –   Examples: GitHub, SourceForge, Google Code
    –   Version Control (e.g. Git, Subversion, Mercurial)
    –   Mailing Lists / Discussion Forums
    –   Issue Tracking
    –   Documentation
Version Control

●   Manage changes to source code by multiple
    contributors over time
●   Capabilities have evolved from single system,
    to client/server, to distributed version control
●   Common tasks:
    –   Pull/push code from/to a repository
    –   Show differences between two versions of a file
    –   Create snapshot releases of the entire project
Mailing Lists / Discussion Forums

●   Open Source projects are commonly
    coordinated by email/web discussions
●   Can have different mailing lists for developers,
    users and announcements
●   The goals, progress and culture of a project are
    are shaped and conveyed by these discussions
Issue Tracking

●   Track bugs/enhancements/issues
●   Prioritize items
●   Delegate to specific people
●   Discuss resolution in context
Why Does Open Source Work?

●   Environmental Factors
    –   Easy access to connectivity and knowledge
    –   Common Language
    –   Tools
    –   Network Effects
●   Intrinsic Factors
    –   Motivations: Individual; Altruistic; Abundance/Flow
    –   Collaboration
    –   Different motivations can work together
Companies Using Open Source

●   Google, Amazon, Facebook, Twitter and others
    were built with open source
●   2010 Gartner Survey: 75% of Global 2000
    companies uses open source software
●   Benefits include zero licensing cost, choice,
    flexibility, access to source code
●   file/print/web/app/database/cloud servers,
    monitoring, office, collaboration, others
●   Commercial support is available from a range of
    companies, depending on the software
Companies Contributing to
           Open Source
●   Red Hat, Google, Facebook, Twitter and others
    are significant contributors to open source
●   2010 Accenture Survey: 29% of 300 large
    companies contribute to open source software
●   Benefits include reduced maintenance
    overhead, development of industry standards,
    visibility, increased employee engagement
How to Contribute

●   Open Source projects are ongoing experiments
    in network-enabled collaboration
●   Enhancements
●   Bugfixes
●   Documentation
●   Answering Questions
●   Facilitation
Wikipedia
Education
●   Open Courses
    –   MIT Open CourseWare – http://ocw.mit.edu
    –   Berkeley Courses – http://webcast.berkeley.edu
    –   Open Yale Courses – http://oyc.yale.edu
    –   Stanford Class2Go -- http://class2go.stanford.edu/
    –   Others, including:
         http://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses
●   Open Source Textbooks
    –   Openstax College – http://openstaxcollege.org/
    –   College Open Textbooks – http://collegeopentextbooks.org/
Government

●   data.gov – Government data and statistics
●   opensourceforamerica.org and
    codeforamerica.org – Organizations promoting
    open source collaboration among
    government/citizens at all levels
Hardware
Other Areas

●   Quantified Self
●   Genealogy
●   Genomics

Open Source

  • 1.
    Open Source Kartik Subbarao Consultant kartiksubbarao.com subbarao@computer.org Twitter: @kartiksubbarao LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/kartiksubbarao
  • 2.
    What is OpenSource Software? ● The Open Source Initiative maintains a definition: http://opensource.org/osd ● Some key points: – Free Redistribution – Source Code – Derived Works ● Examples of open source licenses: FreeBSD, MIT, GPL
  • 3.
    Examples of OpenSource Software Linux VLC
  • 4.
    How Open SourceProjects Work ● Minimum requirements: – A way to publish source code – A way to communicate with users/contributors ● Platforms for open source development – Examples: GitHub, SourceForge, Google Code – Version Control (e.g. Git, Subversion, Mercurial) – Mailing Lists / Discussion Forums – Issue Tracking – Documentation
  • 5.
    Version Control ● Manage changes to source code by multiple contributors over time ● Capabilities have evolved from single system, to client/server, to distributed version control ● Common tasks: – Pull/push code from/to a repository – Show differences between two versions of a file – Create snapshot releases of the entire project
  • 10.
    Mailing Lists /Discussion Forums ● Open Source projects are commonly coordinated by email/web discussions ● Can have different mailing lists for developers, users and announcements ● The goals, progress and culture of a project are are shaped and conveyed by these discussions
  • 12.
    Issue Tracking ● Track bugs/enhancements/issues ● Prioritize items ● Delegate to specific people ● Discuss resolution in context
  • 14.
    Why Does OpenSource Work? ● Environmental Factors – Easy access to connectivity and knowledge – Common Language – Tools – Network Effects ● Intrinsic Factors – Motivations: Individual; Altruistic; Abundance/Flow – Collaboration – Different motivations can work together
  • 15.
    Companies Using OpenSource ● Google, Amazon, Facebook, Twitter and others were built with open source ● 2010 Gartner Survey: 75% of Global 2000 companies uses open source software ● Benefits include zero licensing cost, choice, flexibility, access to source code ● file/print/web/app/database/cloud servers, monitoring, office, collaboration, others ● Commercial support is available from a range of companies, depending on the software
  • 16.
    Companies Contributing to Open Source ● Red Hat, Google, Facebook, Twitter and others are significant contributors to open source ● 2010 Accenture Survey: 29% of 300 large companies contribute to open source software ● Benefits include reduced maintenance overhead, development of industry standards, visibility, increased employee engagement
  • 17.
    How to Contribute ● Open Source projects are ongoing experiments in network-enabled collaboration ● Enhancements ● Bugfixes ● Documentation ● Answering Questions ● Facilitation
  • 18.
  • 22.
    Education ● Open Courses – MIT Open CourseWare – http://ocw.mit.edu – Berkeley Courses – http://webcast.berkeley.edu – Open Yale Courses – http://oyc.yale.edu – Stanford Class2Go -- http://class2go.stanford.edu/ – Others, including: http://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses ● Open Source Textbooks – Openstax College – http://openstaxcollege.org/ – College Open Textbooks – http://collegeopentextbooks.org/
  • 23.
    Government ● data.gov – Government data and statistics ● opensourceforamerica.org and codeforamerica.org – Organizations promoting open source collaboration among government/citizens at all levels
  • 24.
  • 27.
    Other Areas ● Quantified Self ● Genealogy ● Genomics