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Presentation of Data - How to Construct Graphs
This document provides information and instructions on constructing different types of graphs: bar graphs, line graphs, and circle/pie graphs. It includes examples of each graph type using sample data. Steps are outlined for properly constructing each graph, including labeling axes, determining scale intervals, plotting points, and connecting data. The document emphasizes choosing the right graph based on whether the data involves categories, parts of a whole, or trends over time. Conceptual check questions test understanding of which graph type is best suited for different data sets.
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Presentation of Data - How to Construct Graphs
- 1. Prepared by: MS. MA.IRENE G. GONZALES Mathematics Department University of Santo Tomas Junior High School
- 2. How far canyou remember? COP + describing predictions totality
- 3. subset values in between descriptiveattributes How far can you remember?
- 4. COPAI Direct method Use ofsenses How far can you remember?
- 5. laws Indirect method Previously recordeddata How far can you remember?
- 6. Equal chance ofbeing selected Every nth element Groups or clusters How far can you remember?
- 7. Groups of thesame interest Visual form Paragraph form How far can you remember?
- 8. Looking back… • Differentiatedthe three ways of presenting data • Analyzed the different graphs – Line Graph – Bar Graph – Circle Graph
- 9. GOALS • Identify theproper ways/steps of constructing graphs • Use graphs appropriately to represent organized data
- 10. Somewhere over the rainbow JustRight Over my dead body Right under the nose Looking out for number one Home is where the heart is
- 11. Consider the databelow: Day Chocolate Strawberry White Monday 53 78 126 Tuesday 72 97 87 Wednesday 112 73 86 Thursday 33 78 143 Friday 76 47 162 The cafeteria wanted to collect data on how much mL of milk was sold in 1 week. The table below shows the results:
- 12. Bar Graph Abar graph is used to show relationships between groups. The two or more items being compared do not need to affect each other. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total 53 72 112 33 76 346 53 72 112 33 76 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Day Chocolate Milk Sold AmountofMilkSoldinmL
- 13. 0 20 4060 80 100 120 140 160 180 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday White Strawberry Chocolate Examine the graph
- 14. How to Constructa Bar Graph • Give the title of the bar graph; • Decide if a vertical or a horizontal bar graph will be used; • Draw the horizontal and vertical axes; • Determine the scale interval on the axes and then label the graph; • Draw bars with the same width and space them evenly on one axis. 53 72 112 33 76 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Day Chocolate Milk Sold AmountofMilkSoldinmL
- 15. Do this onyour notebook! • Give the title of the bar graph; • Decide if a vertical or a horizontal bar graph will be used; • Draw the horizontal and vertical axes; • Determine the scale interval on the axes and then label the graph; • Draw bars with the same width and space them evenly on one axis. Preferred snacks of students during recess Type of Snacks No. of Students Spaghetti 12 French Fries 15 Biscuits 6 Donut 9
- 16. Line Graph • Aline graph is used to show continuing data; how one thing is affected by another. • Shows the relationship between continuous data 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Day Chocolate Milk Sold Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total 53 72 112 33 76 346 AmountofMilkSoldinmL
- 17. 10 11 16 18 17 20 0 5 10 15 20 25 Yr1 Yr 2 Yr 3 Yr 4 Yr 5 Yr 6 Annual Sales of Gonzales’ Corporation from Yr 1 to Yr 6 AnnualSalesinMillions Year
- 18. How to Constructa Line Graph • Give the title of the line graph; • Draw the horizontal and vertical axes; • Determine the scale interval on the axes and then label the graph; • Plot a point to represent each entry in the data; • Connect the successive points using line segments
- 19. Do this onyour notebook! Draw the line graph for the following data which shows the changes in temperature (in degree Celcius) for 4 days in Quezon City: Monday – 25 degree Celcius Tuesday – 30 degree Celcius Wednesday – 32 degree Celcius Thursday – 35 degree Celcius
- 20. Circle Graph orPie Graph • A circle graph is used to show how a part of something relates to the whole. • This kind of graph is needed to show percentages effectively. 15% 21% 32% 10% 22% Chocolate Milk Sold Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Total 53 72 112 33 76 346
- 21. How to Constructa Circle Graph • To compute for the angle of each sector by using the formula: • To convert each frequency to a percentage use the formula: degrees= frequency total x360° percentage= frequency total x100%
- 22. Let’s see HOWyou DO it… Construct a pie graph given the tabular data on the population of students enrolled in USTJHS for the A.Y. 2015 - 2016 G7 G8 G9 G10 350 385 420 405
- 23. Choosing the RightGraph Use a pie chart if you need to compare different parts of a whole, there is no time involved and there are not too many items (or categories). Use a line graph if you need to see how a quantity has changed over time. Line graphs enable us to find trends (or patterns) over time. Use a bar graph if you are not looking for trends (or patterns) over time; and the items (or categories) are not parts of a whole.
- 24. The allocation ofthe monthly budget of a family CONCEPTUAL CHECK Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data? ANSWER: Circle or Pie Chart
- 25. The donations byeach grade level of UST High School for the victims of Typhoon Yolanda ANSWER: Bar Graph CONCEPTUAL CHECK Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?
- 26. Changes in temperatureover a week in Manila ANSWER: Line Graph Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data? CONCEPTUAL CHECK
- 27. The number ofmembers per grade level for the Math Club for S.Y. 2014 – 2015 ANSWER: Circle or Pie Chart CONCEPTUAL CHECK Which statistical graph best fit for the set of data?