Problem Solving techniques and handling.ppt

Problem Solving techniques and handling.ppt

• 1.
  Steps in Problem Stepsin Problem Solving Solving
• 2.
  Objective Objective  List andexplain List and explain the seven steps the seven steps in problem in problem solving. solving.
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  What is problemsolving? What is problem solving?  Problem solving is a process of working Problem solving is a process of working through the details of a problem to reach through the details of a problem to reach a solution. Someone seeking to solve a a solution. Someone seeking to solve a problem may use the seven steps of problem may use the seven steps of problem solving. problem solving.
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  Seven Steps inProblem Solving Seven Steps in Problem Solving 1) 1) Define and Identify the Define and Identify the Problem Problem 2) 2) Analyze the Problem Analyze the Problem 3) 3) Identifying Possible Identifying Possible Solutions Solutions 4) 4) Selecting the Best Selecting the Best Solutions Solutions 5) 5) Evaluating Solutions Evaluating Solutions 6) 6) Develop an Action Plan Develop an Action Plan 7) 7) Implement the Solution Implement the Solution
• 5.
  Define and Identifythe Problem Define and Identify the Problem  Write down a statement which Write down a statement which summarizes the problem. This statement summarizes the problem. This statement may be long if the problem is complex. may be long if the problem is complex.  Set a goal for solving the problem. Set a goal for solving the problem.  Example: The computer will boot up but Example: The computer will boot up but immediately turn itself off. immediately turn itself off. When the problem is solved the computer When the problem is solved the computer will be usable. will be usable.
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  Analyze the Problem Analyzethe Problem  Ask these questions: Ask these questions: • How long has the problem been going How long has the problem been going on? on? • What are the causes of the problem? What are the causes of the problem? • What are the effects and symptoms of the What are the effects and symptoms of the problem? problem? • Are there multiple steps to solving this Are there multiple steps to solving this specific problem? specific problem?
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  Identifying Possible Solutions IdentifyingPossible Solutions  Brainstorming Brainstorming • Those working to solve the problem Those working to solve the problem should come up with as many solutions should come up with as many solutions as possible. as possible. • Often one person’s ideas may spur the Often one person’s ideas may spur the ideas of others. ideas of others. • All ideas should be written down to All ideas should be written down to evaluate later. evaluate later.
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  Selecting the BestSolutions Selecting the Best Solutions  In this step use the brainstormed list In this step use the brainstormed list of possible solutions. of possible solutions.  Discuss each of the possible solutions Discuss each of the possible solutions and why they may or may not work. and why they may or may not work.  Select the most feasible solution. Select the most feasible solution.
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  Evaluating Solutions Evaluating Solutions Make a T chart with pros of the solution Make a T chart with pros of the solution on one side and the cons on the other. on one side and the cons on the other.  Ask these questions after making the T Ask these questions after making the T chart: chart: • What are the advantages of each solution? What are the advantages of each solution? • Are there any disadvantages to the solution? Are there any disadvantages to the solution? • Do disadvantages outweigh advantages? Do disadvantages outweigh advantages? • Would the solution actually solve the Would the solution actually solve the problem? problem?
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  Develop an ActionPlan Develop an Action Plan  Make a step by step plan which Make a step by step plan which should include: should include: • Tasks, what is to be done Tasks, what is to be done • Estimated time to complete each Estimated time to complete each task task • Who will do each task Who will do each task  When this plan is complete post When this plan is complete post it where it will be seen. it where it will be seen.
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  Implement the Solution Implementthe Solution  Follow the steps in the Action Plan Follow the steps in the Action Plan  If things start to get complicated make a If things start to get complicated make a three column chart: three column chart: • What could go wrong? What could go wrong? • How can you prevent this from happening? How can you prevent this from happening? • How will we fix it if something does go wrong? How will we fix it if something does go wrong?  Evaluate results: Evaluate results: • Is the problem solved? Is the problem solved?
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  Common Mistakes inProblem Common Mistakes in Problem Solving Solving  The problem is not The problem is not well defined or there well defined or there is denial that the is denial that the problem exists. problem exists.  Goals are not clearly Goals are not clearly defined. defined.  Opinions, emotions, Opinions, emotions, feelings, and self- feelings, and self- interest interfere with interest interfere with objective thinking. objective thinking.  Individuals or Individuals or groups jump to groups jump to unwarranted unwarranted conclusions. conclusions.  Individuals or Individuals or groups are afraid groups are afraid to make to make mistakes. mistakes.