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Programming Language
The document discusses various programming languages and their uses. It provides descriptions of several popular languages including C, C++, Visual Basic, Java, C#, PHP, Assembly, and Python. For each language, it briefly outlines characteristics like performance, ease of use, common applications, and portability. It also provides a high-level history of early programming languages.
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Programming Language
- 2. Fahad KhanAU-038 Abdul Aziz Khan AU-009 Muhammad Saad AU-033 Zaid Bin Mansoor AU-022 Abdul Samad AU-033
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- 4. Computer Programminginvolves writing instructions and giving them to the computer to complete a task Computer Programs are also named as Software.
- 5. Well designedprograms must be: ◦ Correct and accurate ◦ Easy to understand ◦ Easy to maintain and update ◦ Efficient ◦ Reliable ◦ flexible
- 6. LANGUAGES Set of rulesfor Computer to perform tasks
- 7. English isa natural language. It has words, symbols and grammatical rules. A programming language also has words, symbols and rules of grammar. The grammatical rules are called syntax. Each programming language has a different set of syntax rules.
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- 9. Writability Readability Reliability Maintainability Standardability
- 12. ◦ Correct andaccurate ◦ Easy to understand ◦ Easy to maintain and update ◦ Efficient ◦ Reliable ◦ flexible
- 13. Source Code CompilerObject Code Source Code Interpreter Execute Program Execute a line of Program Using Compiler: Using Interpreter:
- 18. Variables arenames for memory locations. each memory location in a computer has an address. A programmer can use a variable to store the integer value of a score received in a test.
- 20. An expressionis a sequence of operands and operators that reduces to a single value. For example, the following is an expression with a value of 13: An operator is a language-specific token that requires an action to be taken. The most familiar operators are drawn from mathematics
- 23. 1. Parenthesis 2. Exponentiation 3.Multiplication/Division 4. Addition/Subtraction
- 24. 3 *(6 + 2) / 12 – (7 – 5) ^ 2 * 3 ( ) first = 3 * 8 / 12 – 2 ^ 2 * 3 ^ next = 3 * 8 / 12 – 4 * 3 Mult/Div (L to R) = 24 / 12 – 4 * 3 Mult/Div (L to R) = 2 – 12 Add/Subtr = -10
- 26. HISTORY OF PROGRAMMING Cis a general-purpose language which has been closely associated with the UNIX operating system for which it was developed - since the system and most of the programs that run it are written in C. Many of the important ideas of C stem from the language BCPL, developed by Martin Richards. The influence of BCPL on C proceeded indirectly through the language B, which was written by Ken Thompson in 1970 at Bell Labs, for the first UNIX system on a DEC PDP-7.BCPL and B are "type less" languages whereas C provides a variety of data types.
- 27. FIRST PROGRAM Thefirst programming languages designed to communicate instructions to a computer were written in the 1950s. An early high-level programming language to be designed for a computer was Plankalkül, developed for the German Z3 by Konrad Zuse between 1943 and 1945. However, it was not implemented until 1998 and 2000.
- 28. programming languagesare used to make Web Browsers Word Processor Games File Sharing Programs
- 29. If youare asking about different uses for different languages, then here is a brief list: C - good for embedded systems, micro- controllers, or software that needs to interact with devices and hardware on a lower level. Operating systems often use C in parts of it. It can be difficult to use at times. Compiled C programs are often relatively small (in terms of file size)... this makes it useful for micro- controllers that have limited storage space.
- 30. C++ -Good for general purpose programming. Its built in library set is fairly limited, compared to many modern languages. (programming libraries are functions and features that are pre-built and provided to the programmer) However, popular 3rd party API's and libraries are readily available for free and can make up for these short comings. C++ is fairly complex, but has high performance and this makes it good for large applications and games.
- 31. Easy tolearn and use. It also can use the .NET framework/libraries which are extremely useful for developing windows programs. It is a high level language and its versatility is a bit limited compared to languages like C++. It also is not built for performance. It was made to quickly and rapidly build relatively small Windows applications. It can also be used on web servers to create dynamic websites.
- 32. A stronggeneral purpose language. It is a bit slower than C++, but it has large libraries and many features built in to it. Java programs can run on all systems without being modified or re- compiled. This portability is a major feature of java. However, Java apps often use more memory due to the way they run on a virtual machine, instead of being directly executed. This also slows the programs down a bit. It is a strong general purpose language and I have seen fairly large programs written in it. However, you will not find high-performance apps written in Java. While not the simplest of languages, it is still relatively easy to learn for a programmer.
- 33. It iskind of like microsoft's response to Java. The style of programming is very similar to java. It is not portable though. However, it does allow use of the .NET framework/libraries and it is more versatile than Visual Basic. This makes it useful for windows applications. It is also used on Windows based web servers to make nice, dynamic websites on the server side. I have noticed that C# programs tend to use more RAM.
- 34. Easy forprogrammers to pick up. It is primarily used as a server-side scripting language to dynamically generate web pages. It also works with common databases very well. It is very common for web development, but not used for much else.
- 35. - VERYdifficult to use, but it allows low level programming. This makes it useful for situations in which efficiency or low level control is critical. This is not commonly used, but you do see it used occasionally for small bits in performance critical software and operating systems. It is used a bit more for micro controllers and embedded devices, but C is still often better due to assembly's difficulty.
- 36. Often usedas a beginner language. However it is a fairly useful scripting language. (scripting languages are not compiled directly into machine code before they are run. Instead they are converted as they are run). It is not generally used for large apps, but it is relatively easy to learn.
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