Selenium- A Software Testing Tool

Brief History of The Selenium
Project
• Selenium first came to life in 2004 when Jason Huggins was
testing an internal application at ThoughtWorks Originally
named JavaScript Functional Tester [JSFT]
• He developed a Javascript library that could drive interactions
with the page, allowing him to automatically rerun tests
against multiple browsers
• While Selenium was a tremendous tool, it wasn’t without its
drawbacks, because of its Javascript based automation engine
and the security limitations browsers apply to Javascript,
different things became impossible to do
Manual
Testing !
I am
gonna
automate
tests!

• In 2006 a plucky engineer at Google named Simon Stewart
started work on a project he called WebDriver
• Simon wanted a testing tool that spoke directly to the browser
using the ‘native’ method for the browser and operating system,
thus avoiding the restrictions of a sandboxed Javascript
environment
• The WebDriver project began with the aim to solve the
Selenium’ pain-points
• In 2008 Selenium and WebDriver were merged
I am gonna find a
way !

• “Why are the projects merging? Partly because webdriver
addresses some shortcomings in selenium (by being able to
bypass the JS sandbox, for example. And we’ve got a
gorgeous API), partly because selenium addresses some
shortcomings in webdriver (such as supporting a broader
range of browsers) and partly because the main selenium
contributors and I felt that it was the best way to offer
users the best possible framework.”
• ~Simon Stewart

Introducing Selenium
• Selenium is a set of different software tools each with a different
approach to supporting test automation
• The entire suite of tools results in a rich set of testing functions
specifically geared to the needs of testing of web applications of all
types
• These operations are highly flexible, allowing many options for
locating UI elements and comparing expected test results against
actual application behavior
• One of Selenium’s key features is the support for executing one’s
tests on multiple browser platforms

SELENIUM TOOL SUITE
• Selenium IDE
• Selenium RC or Remote Control
• Selenium Grid
• Selenium2

Selenium is composed of multiple software tools. Each
has a specific role
• Selenium 2 (Selenium Webdriver):
• This brand new automation tool provides all sorts of awesome
features, including a more cohesive and object oriented API as
well as an answer to the limitations of the old implementation
• It supports the WebDriver API and underlying technology, along
with the Selenium 1 technology underneath the WebDriver API
for maximum flexibility in porting your tests
• In addition, Selenium 2 still runs Selenium 1’s Selenium RC
interface for backwards compatibility
• Selenium 1 (Selenium RC or Remote Control):
• Selenium RC was the main Selenium project for a long time,
before the WebDriver/Selenium merge brought up Selenium 2,
the newest and more powerful tool

• Selenium-Grid :
• It allows the Selenium RC solution to scale for large test
suites and for test suites that must be run in multiple
environments
• Selenium Grid allows you to run your tests in parallel, that is,
different tests can be run at the same time on different remote
machines
• This has two advantages. First, if you have a large test suite,
or a slow-running test suite, you can boost its performance
substantially by using Selenium Grid to divide your test suite
to run different tests at the same time using those different
machines
• Also, if you must run your test suite on multiple environments
you can have different remote machines supporting and
running your tests in them at the same time
• In each case Selenium Grid greatly improves the time it takes
to run your suite by making use of parallel processing
• Selenium IDE(Integrated Development Environment) is a
prototyping tool for building test scripts also known as record
and replay!

Selenium IDE
 Selenium IDE (SIDE) is a complete Integrated Development
Environment (IDE) for building Selenium test case.
 Firefox add-on that makes it easy to record, edit, and
debug tests.
 Provides an easy-to-use interface for developing and
running individual test cases or entire test suites.
 Can be used to generate code to run the tests with
Selenium Remote Control (RC).
11

Step 1: Is Selenium IDE Installed?
 Open the Firefox browser window (*1)
 Go to Tools Check whether Selenium IDE already exist
there (*2)
 If you see “Selenium IDE” then you already having
Selenium IDE plug-in installed in Firefox browser.
 If not installed then follow the instruction on the next slide
12
*1
Check whether
Selenium IDE is
already installed
*2

Step 1a: Installing Selenium IDE
13
Or you can find Selenium IDE
downloads in Previous Releases directory:
1. Previous
Releases
2. Selenium
IDE
3. Version
1.0.10

Step 1a: Installing Selenium IDE
In the Firefox browser go to Tools and verify whether
“Selenium IDE” is displayed.
Congratulation!
Selenium IDE installation is completed.
14
Selenium IDE is
successfully installed

Test Case #1: Login
Test-Case Objective:
Ensure Valid User
Login
Expected Result:
1. OrangeHRM index
page is loaded
2. Correct username is
displayed as part of
the greeting.
“Welcome Admin” 16
Steps :
1.In the login textbox
type “admin”.
2.In the password
textbox type
“password”.
3.Click “Submit”
button
4.Verify that a correct
user name is
displayed

Test Script #1: Login
Test Script Steps:
Open OrangeHRM application in Firefox
http://hrm.portnov.com
Login using :
Login Name: admin
Password: password
Click Login button
Highlight “Welcome Admin” text
Right-click and select VerifyTextPresent
Click logout link
17

Recording An Automated Test
1. Open OrangeHRM application in Firefox
http://hrm.portnov.com (*1)
2. Open Selenium IDE in Firefox
Go to Tools Selenium IDE (*2)
18
*2*1
The Record
button is ON by
default

Login Test
Make sure Record button is ON!
Go to the Browser window
Login using (*2):
Login Name: admin
Password: password
Click Login button
19
*1
*2
The Record button is
ON by default
Login Name: admin
Password: password
Then click Login button

Login Test
Highlight “Welcome Admin” text (*1)
Right-click and select VerifyTextPresent (*2)
Click logout link
20
*1
*2
Highlight “Welcome
demo”
Select
VerifyTextPresent

Stop Recording
Go to Selenium IDE
Click the red button to STOP recording
All your actions are recorded and displayed
sequentially under Command Table Tab
21
Click here to Stop
recording

What did we accomplish?
Manual Test-Case
Test-Case Objective
Ensure Valid User Login
Steps
 In the login textbox type
admin.
 In the password textbox
type password.
 Click Submit button
 Verify that a correct user
name is displayed
 Logout
Expected Result
1) OrangeHRM index page is
loaded
2) Correct username is
displayed as part of the
greeting.
“Welcome Admin”
Automated Test-Case 22
We created our first automated test script

Running Selenium Automated Test
Make sure the Firefox browser is still open
Go to Selenium IDE and click “Play current test
case” button
23
*1 *2
Click to play
the Test Case
Make the test case
playback in slow mode

Debugging
Examine the result of the script.
24
Time is needed to validate the login
information…
The test must WAIT for the next web page to
load before proceeding.
What went
wrong?

Debugging Tips
Open Selenium IDE through Tools menu,
otherwise the IDE may freeze and act
unpredictably.
Make sure you substitute click command
with clickAndWait command wherever
needed.
25

Editing
Editing to add wait time to the script
1. Click the 3rd to last row where ClickA
command is located
2. Modify the command field
 Replace “click” with “clickAndWait”
command
3. Re-play the test…
26
Click this row
Select clickAndWait
command

Helpful Notes:
One Firefox browser window must be open.
Multiple browser windows will confuse Selenium.
Play back every automated test to ensure
expected behavior.
Keep playback in slow mode when debugging.
Placing Browser window and Selenium IDE
windows side by side is a convenient way of
tracking test execution step by step.
27

Pros:
• Very easy to use
• Test case can be recorded once easily and can
be run any number of times
• Test case can be exported in any language
Cons:
• Supports only Firefox Browser
• Does not support advanced versions of any
browser
PROS AND CONS OF
SELENIUM IDE

SUPPORTED OPERATING
SYSTEMS
• Windows
• Linux
• Solaris
• OS X
• Android (with Selendroid or appium)
• iOS (with ios-driver or appium)

SUPPORTED WEB BROWSERS
• Google Chrome
• Internet Explorer 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 - 32 and 64-bit
where applicable
• Firefox: latest ESR, previous ESR, current release,
one previous release
• Safari
• Opera
• HtmlUnit
• phantomjs

SUPPORTED PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGES
• Java
• C#
• Ruby
• Python
• PHP
• Perl

Why migrate to selenium2 from ide or rc?
• Selenium2 supports almost all operating system- Windows, Linux,
OS X, Solaris unlike IDE
• Selenium2 supports almost all web browsers- IE, Firefox , Chrome,
Opera, Safari unlike IDE
• Selenium2 supports all major languages- Java, C#, Ruby, Python,
Perl, PHP unlike IDE
• Selenium doesn’t need to start and stop server at the start and
end of the process unlike RC
• Selenium2 supports rich API’s for the advanced versions of web
browsers unlike rc and ide
• Selenium2 also supports Android and IOS platforms unlike rc and
ide
• Selenium2 can perform mouse movements using web driver unlike
Rc and IDe
• Selenium2 directly talks to the browser unlike rc and ide

Selenium- A Software Testing Tool

Selenium- A Software Testing Tool

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