Selenium test automation

Agenda
 What is selenium & why?
 Selenium Components
 Advantages of Selenium
 Automating Tests using Selenium
 Benefits to the Organization
 Limitations
 Conclusion

Test Automation
Automation
 The process of converting manual test cases to test scripts by
using automation tools is called as automation
 The test scripts can be executed on the targeted application
whenever required.
Advantages
 Saves time by executing the script without any manual effort
 We can reduce the cost to the company
 Test scripts are repeatable
 Bugs can be identified and accuracy maintained
 Test report will be generated by the tool and we can ensure
quality

What is Selenium?
 Selenium is a robust set of tools that supports rapid development
of test automation for web-based applications
 Open source
 Used for functional regression testing
 Uses JavaScript
 Embeds test automation engine in your browser
 Hooks for many other languages - Java, Ruby, Python
 Selenium operations are highly flexible & Extendable

Selenium Components
Selenium IDE
 Integrated Development Environment is for record and run the
script.
 It is an add on for Firefox
 It is accountable for user’s actions
 The recorded script can be viewed in all the supported
languages
 The Recorded scripts can be run against other browsers with the
help of RC or Web Driver

Selenium Components
Selenium RC
 RC: Remote Control
 It is server and it launches all the brewers but one browser at a
time
 It acts as API and Library
 It is Responsible for the Entire automation
 It is also known as selenium1

Selenium Components
Selenium Web Driver
 The advanced version of selenium RC is known as selenium
web Driver.
 The combination of the RC and Web Driver is called as
Selenium2.0
Selenium Grid
 Grid is for parallel Execution
 We can launch all supported browsers parallel and script can be
executed on the targeted browsers parallel

Selenium Frameworks
Definition
Frameworks is a combination of classes, Methods, API’s, Libraries
these all combined together to work on one application
effectively
 Modular Frameworks
 Data Driven Frameworks
 Keyword Driver Frameworks
 Junit
 TestNG
 Hybrid Frameworks

Selenium Frameworks
Modular Frameworks
 It is basic framework and also linear framework
 The automation engineer’s will divide the application into
modules and sub modules
 They will develop the scripts for all the modules
 The scripts are stable they will integrate all the scripts in a
hierarchical order to execute

Selenium Frameworks
Data Driven Framework
 Introduced external files like excel, txt, XML, Database etc.. To
take input data as well as to give output result
 It contains the driver script it is responsible for execution
 Driver script doesn’t contain any of test cases or test data all
the test data and test cases will be available in external file
 The driver script will take the data from external file and
executes hence we call it as data driven framework

Selenium Frameworks
Keyword Driven Frameworks
 Keyword means step and it is a step by step execution
 It is very similar to manual testing, so test scripts are similar in
the Keyword Driven Framework
Types of Keyword Driven Frameworks
Junit
 It is java unit testing framework, the main purpose of junit is to
develop the script in java programming language and to
execute the scripts once execution is done it auto generates
the report result

Selenium Frameworks
TestNG
 It is testing framework and developed on top of junit they over
come all the limitations of Junit in TestNG and introduced some
new functionality
 TestNG is add on for eclipse
Hybrid Frameworks
 The combination of any two or more frameworks is nothing but
Hybrid Framework

Prerequisites
Software
 Selenium IDE, Mozilla Firefox for script recording
 Selenium Server, Java for running scripts, sikuli
Configuration
 Set path variables
 Use –multi Window option while starting server
Resource
 Users… should have basic scripting knowledge
 Hardware… No specific requirement the basic configuration for a
server – P4, 512 MB RAM is good enough.

Features
 Open source, free software
 Allows scripting in several languages like Java, C#, PHP and
Python.
 Assertion statements provide an efficient way of comparing
expected and actual results.
 Inbuilt reporting mechanism.
 Easy Installation
 Scripting Techniques :
 Easy recording and playback of scripts
 Compatibility :
 Multiple operating systems (Windows, Linux, Mac)
 Allows cross browser testing
 Integration with third party tools.

Benefits to the Organization
Automation Benefits
 Usual benefits for automation e.g. Time saving
 Time required for sanity reduced ( 12 man hours to 3 man hours,
build frequency of 4-5 builds a month )
 For one of the projects, Sanity suite automated : 243 test cases
 Good Returns on Zero Investment
Increasing Productivity
 Cost saving as it is open-source
 QA engineers get familiar with scripting languages like Ruby,
Perl etc apart from manual testing
Caveat
 Full automation and maintenance has not been evaluated and
that can be a risk

Selenium Best Practices
Automation Benefits
 Usual benefits for automation e.g. Time saving
 Time required for sanity reduced ( 12 man hours to 3 man hours,
build frequency of 4-5 builds a month )
 For one of the projects, Sanity suite automated : 243 test cases
 Good Returns on Zero Investment
Increasing Productivity
 Cost saving as it is open-source
 QA engineers get familiar with scripting languages like Ruby,
Perl etc apart from manual testing
Caveat
 Full automation and maintenance has not been evaluated and
that can be a risk

Limitations
 It does not support and Desktop applications
 Its and open source tool so in case of any technical issues you
need to rely on the selenium community forums to get your issue
resolved.
 You need to know at least one of the supported language very
well in order to automate your application successfully.
 No inbuilt reporting capability so you need plugins like JUnit and
TestNG for test reports
 Lack of exhaustive formal guidance material
Note: Selenium Support Desktop applications using Sikuli.

Selenium test automation

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