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What’s Driving Open Source (for MyGOSSCon)
This document discusses the key drivers of open source software in 2012, including the evolution of licensing, the role of foundations, the impact of software patents, growth in cloud computing and big data, and increasing government adoption. It outlines how these factors are changing licensing approaches, governance structures, and business models, and driving greater acceptance of open source. The presentation concludes by encouraging participation in the Open Source Initiative to help guide the continued evolution of the open source movement.
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What’s Driving Open Source (for MyGOSSCon)
- 1. What's Driving OpenSource? Forces Of Change In 2012 Simon Phipps http://webmink.com CC-BY-SA
- 3. Agenda ● Software Freedom Origins & OSI ● Original Drivers ● Five Drivers Today ○ Foundations ○ Licensing ○ Software Patents ○ Cloud & Big Data ○ Government Procurement ● The Role of OSI Today
- 4.
- 5. Ethics & Pragmatics “Acorporation doesn't love you or hate you. Its like a lawnmower. Put your hand in, it gets cut off. It doesn't hate you, its just a lawnmower; it cuts everything.” – B. Cantrill
- 7. Original Drivers ● CostSavings ● Business Model Innovation ● Web Server Stacks ● Breaking Microsoft Lock-In
- 8. OSI in 1998 ● Pragmatic software freedom to allow the non- personal to benefit ● De-emphasise ethical imperative ● Open gateways to open source ● Focus on practicalities ○ Education ○ Licensing ● Building understanding
- 9. 1. License ChoiceEvolution
- 10. “A license describesthe environment for a business relationship” Corporate Lawyer
- 12. “A License isthe constitution for a community” Eben Moglen
- 13. Warning Signs Various tacticsfor avoiding open source: ● "Dual License" ● Copyright Assignment ● Interoperability as a feature ● Standards more prominent than open source ● "Source Available"
- 14. Open Source LicenseTrends ● Move to “plus” licenses ● Avoiding copyright assignment ● Explicit patent language
- 15. Open Source LicensingTrends GPL 1998 onwards Vanity 2000-2005 License proliferation Apache Now MPLv2 Emerging
- 16. 2. Open SourceFoundations
- 17. Roles Of Foundations ●A host for managing fiscal and other shared resources, e.g.: ○ trademarks ○ shared copyrights ○ staff ● A guarantor and enabler for the governance ● An infrastructure provider ● A liability firewall for community participants
- 18. Synchronization of Self Interest
- 19.
- 21. Software Patent Realities ● Software patents are real internationally ○ Computer-linked functional claiming makes them possible (see http://www.stanford.edu/dept/law/ipsc/Paper%20PDF/Lemley,%20Mark%20-%20Paper.pdf) ○ They operate by threat, not court resolution ○ So they cause problems everywhere ● Patents arise even in open source ● Patents have become anti-competitive weapons ● Dealing with them is a major driver in community & license design
- 22.
- 24. Many Clouds ● Internet-accessed Storage ● Remote API ● Remote VM with stack ● Web application toolkit ● Every kind of computing, plus a net ● Open source is everywhere in the cloud
- 25. No Licence Compliance ● Proprietary software applies licence terms to end users (EULA) ● Software asset management is a major business cost ● Open source licences have no end-user limitations - Free software has no EULA ● Use that does not involve distribution to others has no compliance requirements ● Key, under-recognised open source value http://webmink.com/essays/compliance
- 26. Cloud Effects ● Licenseevolution ● Formation of Foundations ● Business model evolution ○ e.g. CloudBees ● Trend towards Big Data
- 27. Cloud Leads ToBig Data ● “Software Doesn't Matter” – Redmonk ● Shared componentry ○ Twitter ○ Facebook ○ Paypal ○ Google ● No need for “an open source business model”
- 28.
- 29. Trends in GovernmentAdoption ● Increasing global adoption accelerating ● Successful projects emphasise flexibility ○ e.g. City of Munich, Germany ○ Contribution, investment, self-reliance ● Failed projects focus on cost savings ○ e.g. City of Freiburg, Germany ○ Usage-only, budget-cutting, "interoperability"
- 30. Price vs Flexibility Ifyou focus on flexibility, you will make savings too, but if you focus on savings your vendors will keep you trapped.
- 31. Freedom to... Use Add systems Scale for demand Study Hire staff Engage contractors Modify Improved functionality Buy from a new supplier Share Use in any department Give to citizens ... without permission
- 32. In other words... Open Source Means Self-Reliance and Self- Determination
- 33. OSI Needs You! Simon Phipps President, The Open Source Initiative
- 34. OSI Past ● Founded 1998 ● Steward of the Open Source Definition ● Arbiter of Open Source licenses ● Looking after the community's firmware...
- 35. OSI Future “educate aboutand advocate for the benefits of open source and to build bridges among different constituencies in the open source community.” (that's from opensource.org/mission)
- 36. EDUCATE? ADVOCATE? BUILD BRIDGES? That will need PEOPLE!
- 37. OSI Restructuring OSI 1998-2011 Affiliates Board Individuals Board Corporate
- 38. OSI Restructuring Affiliates Added 2Q 2012 Added 3Q 2012 Board Individuals Future Role Added 4Q 2012 Corporate
- 39. Join OSI Today! PleaseJOIN NOW! opensource.org/join ● Help us evolve – be part of the solution. ● Ask your community group to join too.
- 40. 5 Drivers -Summary 1. Licensing Evolution ● Trending to community-aware 2. Foundations ● Keeping the peace among corporate participants 3. Software Patents ● Driving licensing & governance change 4. Cloud Computing & Big Data ● Driving adoption, licensing, governance change 5. Government Adoption ● Focus on Flexibility & Self-Reliance
- 41. Thank-you! Find me at http://webmink.com Twitter & Identi.ca: @webmink E-Mail me via at http://webmink.com/about
- 42. About Me ● Technical background: electronics, programming ● Worked for three computer giants (Unisys, IBM, Sun) ● Watched & helped history unfold for PCs, the Web, Java, XML, Open Source ● British, US-based for 15 years while living in England ● Now a consultant and author ● Boards: OSI, ORG, OSfA (all pro bono) ○ @webmink in most places ○ Nexus is http://webmink.com This presentation represents my own views, not those of any other entity.