My Tech Info CONTACT WRITE SITEMAP ABOUT
Online Engineering Study Site
Machines Generators Motors Conductors Categories Share
Search
Types of Comparator
Search this website
Ad closed by
Stop seeing this ad
Ads by Google
VIEW NOW
Ads by Google
Comparator
High Speed Comparator
Comparator is a part of static relay, which receives two or more inputs to be compared and
gives output based on the comparison.
VIEW NOW
Types of Comparator
The various types of comparators are;
1. Amplitude Comparator
2. Phase Comparator
3. Hybrid Comparator
VIEW NOW
Amplitude Comparator
Subscribe Facebook Google+
An amplitude comparator compares the magnitude of two input quantities irrespective of
the angle between them. One of the inputs is the operating quantity and the other a Receive Free Tutorials Daily in your Inbox!
restraining quantity. Submit
Enter email here...
Recommend 1 Share
Popular Random Comments
Characteristic of a DC Series Motor
Characteristics of DC Shunt Motor
Principle of Electronics
When the amplitude of the operating quantity exceeds that of restraining quantity, the relay
sends a tripping signal to the circuit breaker.
Types of Losses in a DC Machines
Circle Us
- The Amplitude comparator compares two vector, |A| and |B|
- Gives an output: the algebraic difference between the magnitudes |A| and |B|
- Output is +ve, if |A| > |B|
- Output is ve, if |A| < |B|
- Output is zero, if |A| = |B|
Comparison by ratio:
- Output is >1, if |A| > |B| My Tech Info
- Output <1, if |A| < |B| google.com/+Mytech-info
- Output is Zero, if |A| is zero. All About Engineering and Technology
Follow
Amplitude types of comparator.
1. Integrating comparator
2. Instantaneous comparator
3. Sampling Comparator
Integrating Comparator
- Circulating Current Type
- Opposed Voltage Type
Circulating Current Type
It can also be used as impedance relay. Two rectier bridges can be arranged in such a
manner as shown in the gure below, to function as amplitude comparator circulating type.
The polarized relay operates when S1>S2 where S1=K1i1 and S2 = K2i2. This arrangement
gives a sensitive relay whose voltage may be represented in the VI characteristic of the
gives a sensitive relay whose voltage may be represented in the VI characteristic of the
gure.
Opposed Voltage type
This type works with voltage input signals derived from PTs. The operation depends on the
difference of the average rectied voltage (V1-V2).Here the rectiers are not protected
against higher currents. The relay operates when V1 >V2.
Instantaneous Comparator (Directing Amplitude Comparator)
Averaging Type
Here the restraining signal is rectied and smoothed completely in order to provide a level
restraint.
This is then compared with the peak value of operating signal, which may or may not be
rectied but is smoothened. The tripping signal is provided if the operating signal exceeds
the level of the restraint. The block diagram is shown in the g above. Since this method
involves smoothening, the operation is slow. A faster method is phase splitting the wave
shapes of instantaneous amplitude comparator are shown in g below before rectication
and the averaging circuit can be eliminated.
Phase Comparator
Phase comparison technique is the most widely used one for all practical directional,
distance, differential and carrier relays.
If the two input signals are S1 and S2 the output occurs when the inputs have phase
relationship lying within the specied limits.
Both the input must exist for an output to occur. The operation is independent of their
magnitudes and is dependent only on their phase relationship. The gures below show that
the phase comparator is simple form. The function is dened by the boundary of marginal
operation and represented by the straight lines from the origin of the S-plane.
The condition of operation is 1 < < 2.
is the angle by which S2 lands S1. If 1 = 2 =90o, the comparator is called cosine
comparator and if 1=0 and 2=180o, it is a sine comparator.
In short, a phase comparator compares two input quantities in phase angle (vertically)
irrespective of the magnitude and operates if the phase angle between them is < 90o.
There are two types of phase comparators:
1. Vector product comparator
2. Coincidence type phase comparator.
3.
Vector Product comparator
This comparator recognizes the vector product or division between the two or more
quantities. Thus, the output is A, B or A/B
Coincidence Comparator
Consider two signals S1 and S2. The period of Coincidence of S1 and S2 will depend on the
phase difference between S1 and S2. The g below shows the coincidence of S1 and S2
when S2 lags S1 by less than /2 ie., .
The period of coincidence of S1 and S2 with a phase difference of is = 180o .
Different techniques are used to measure the period of coincidence. Two of the important
types are
1. Bloke Spike Method (Direct Phase Comparison) and
2. Coincidence type Integrating phase comparator.
Hybrid Comparator
This kind of comparator compares both magnitude and phase of the input quantities.
Hence this type is of mixed version.
In the hybrid comparator, both amplitude and phase comparators are used. Inputs are given
to a phase comparator. The output of the phase comparator is given to amplitude
comparator.
Static impedance relays comparing V and I are generally of Hybrid Comparator.
Level Detector
Level detector determines the level of its input with reference to a predetermined setting.
When input I exceed the level (L) and the output (O) of the level detectors exceeds and the
output stage of the relays gets a triggering signal via an amplier.
cs v Jul 23, 2016
8 Share 5 Pin it 0 Tweet Share 3
SHARES
PREVIOUS NEXT
Static Relay (solid state Relay) Protection of Generators
You Might Also Like:
Bus Zone Inter Turn Fault Types of Electrical sequence network
Protection and and Restricted Electromagnetic Grounding in power system
Causes of Busbar Ground Fault Relays Techniques
Faults Protection of
Stator
0 Comments 0 Comments
Read Comment Policy
Enter your comment...
Comment as: Jitendra Jha (Google) Sign out
Publish Preview Notify me
TAGS
DC MACHINES POWER SYSTEM MACHINES BASICS GENERATOR ELECTRONICS WIND ENERGY
2016 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
