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POM Final Formula

The document discusses several topics related to operations management including: 1) Different measures of productivity such as output per input, multifactor productivity, and total factor productivity. Productivity growth is measured as the change in productivity from the current period to the previous period. 2) Forecasting techniques including naive forecasts, moving averages, exponential smoothing, and trend analysis. Accuracy of forecasts is measured using MAD, MSE, MAPE and tracking signal. 3) Calculation of output rate, cycle time, percentage of idle time, and efficiency. 4) Statistical process control charts including X-bar charts, P charts, and C charts to monitor processes over time. 5) Economic order quantity model

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Shawron weev
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100 views5 pages

POM Final Formula

The document discusses several topics related to operations management including: 1) Different measures of productivity such as output per input, multifactor productivity, and total factor productivity. Productivity growth is measured as the change in productivity from the current period to the previous period. 2) Forecasting techniques including naive forecasts, moving averages, exponential smoothing, and trend analysis. Accuracy of forecasts is measured using MAD, MSE, MAPE and tracking signal. 3) Calculation of output rate, cycle time, percentage of idle time, and efficiency. 4) Statistical process control charts including X-bar charts, P charts, and C charts to monitor processes over time. 5) Economic order quantity model

Uploaded by

Shawron weev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 02

 Productivity

Output
Partial measures =
single input

Output
Multifactor measures =
multiple inputs

Output
Total measures =
total inputs

Output
Productivity=
Inputs

Current period productivity− previous period productivity


Productivity growth =
previous period productivity

Good non defected product


Process yield=
Input

Chapter 03

 Naïve forecasts

Stable time series data : f(t) = A(t-1)

Seasonal variation: f(t) = A(t-n)

Data with trends: f(t) = A(t-1) + {A(t-1) – A(t-2)}

 Averaging

Moving average, ft = MAn = (At-n + … + At-2 + At-1 )/n

Weighted moving average, , ft = WMAn = (Wn At-n + … + Wn-1 At-2 + W1At-1 )/n

Exponential smoothing , ft = ft-1 + α ( At-1 - Ft-1)

Linear trend equation , ft = a + bt


t
∑¿
¿
b= ¿
2
n ∑ t −¿
n ∑ ( ty )−∑ t ∑ y
¿

a=
∑ y−b ∑ t
n

MAD =
∑ |Actual−forecast|
n

MSE = ∑ (actual−forecast)
n−1

| Actual−forecast|
MAPE =
∑( actual
∗100)
n

Tracking signal =
∑ ( Actual−forecast)
MAD

Exponential smoothing with trend adjustment:

Forecast including trend (FITt) = Exponentially smoothed forecast (f t) + Exponentially


smoothed trend (Tt)

Ft = α ( A t−1 ) + ( 1−α ) (F t−1 +T t−1 )

Tt = β (Ft – Ft-1) + (1-β) Tt-1

Least square line

^y = a + bx

b=
∑ ( xy )−n x́ ý
∑ x2 −n( x́)2
a= ý - b x́
Chapter 06

Operating time per day


Output rate =
cycletime

Operating time per day


cycle time =
Desired output rate

Nmin =
∑t
cycle time

Idle time per cycle


Percentage of idle time = N actual × cycle time x 100

N actual × cycle time−Idle time


Efficiency = x 100 = 100% - Percentage of idle time
N actual × cycle time

Chapter 10

Mean chart:

UCL = x́ + z σ x́

LCL = x́ - z σ x́

σ
σ x́ =
√n
UCL = x́ + A2 Ŕ

LCL = x́ - A2 Ŕ

P chart:

UCL = P+Z σ p

= ṕ+Z σ ^p

LCL = P−Z σ p

= ṕ−Z σ ^p
σp =
√ p ( 1− p )
n

C chart:

UCL = c + z √ c = ć +Z √ ć
LCL = c - z √ c = ć−Z √ ć

Run Test:

2 N −1
E(r )u /d =
3

N
E(r )median = +1
2

σ median =
√ N −1
4

σ u / d=
√ 16 N −29
90

Observed−Expected
Z=
σ

Chapter 13

EOQ: Q0 =
√ 2 DS
H

Q
Annual carrying cost = H
2

D
Annual ordering cost = S
Q
Q
Length of ordering cycle =
D

Q D
Total cost, TC= H+ S
2 Q

Q D
Total cost, TC= H+ S + PD
2 Q

Reorder point, ROP = d ( demand rate ) x LT (Lead time)

Chapter 19

Range of feasibility = constraint ± allowable increase & decrease

Change in objective function within range of feasibility = shadow price of a constraint x


change in RHS of the constraint.

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