CBSE Board Class 10 Maths Chapter 15- Probability

Objective Questions
Introduction to Probability

1. What is the probability that the minute and hour hands of a clock will form an acute
angle at any given time?

(A) P > 0.5

(B) P = 0.5
(C) P < 0.5
(D) P ≤ 0.25

Answer: (C) P < 0.5

Solution: The amount of time in a period of 12 hours when the hands will form an acute
angle will be the same as that for obtuse angle. So, you would think that the probability
is 12. But if you take into account the small amounts of time when the hands are aligned
( 0∘), hands are at right angles and hands are facing in opposite directions ( 180∘), then
the probability would be slightly less than 0.5.

Complementary Events

2. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting different values on
both.

(A) 5/6
(B) ½
(C) 1/6
(D) 1/36

Answer: (A) 5/6

Solution: Let E be the event of getting different values on both the dice. The
complementary event is getting the same value on both, for which there are 6 favorable
outcomes: (1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5) and (6,6). Thus, P (not E) = 1/6
Thus, P (E) = 1 - P (not E) = 1 – (1/6) = 5/6

3. If P (A) and P (not A) are complementary events and P (A) = 0.15, then P (not A) =?

(A) 0.35
(B) Cannot be determined
(C) 0.85
(D) 0.3

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 Answer: (C) 0.85

Solution: Given, P (A) = 0.15

As, P (A) and P (not A) are complementary events, P (A) + P (not A) = 1
P (not A) = 1 – P (A) = 1 – 0.15 = 0.85

4. What is the probability of not picking a king if you choose randomly from a pack of 52
cards?

(A) 1/13
(B) 12/13
(C) 51/52
(D) 1/52

Answer: (B) 12/13

Solution: Since there are 4 kings in a deck of 52, the probability of drawing a king
is 4/52 = 1/13.
Hence, the probability of not picking a king is 1 – 1/13 = 12/13.
(∵ For an event E, P (E) =1-P (not E)).

5. What is the probability of not picking a face card when you draw a card at random from a
pack of 52 cards?

(A) 1/13
(B) 4/13
(C) 10/13
(D) 12/13

Answer: (C) 10/13

Solution: Since there are 12 face cards in a deck of 52cards, the probability of drawing a
face card is 12/52= 3/13
Hence, the probability of not picking a face card = 1 – 3/13= 10/13

Experimental Probability

6. 24 cards numbered 1, 2, 3, ...., 23, 24 are put in a box and mixed thoroughly. One person
draws a card from the box. The probability that the number on the card is divisible by 2
or 3 or both is

(A) 5/6
(B) 2/3

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 (C) 1/3
(D) 1/6

Answer: (B) 2/3

Solution: The total possible outcomes = 24

Numbers divisible by only 2 are 2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 16, 20, 22 (8 numbers) --------- (1)

Numbers divisible only by 3 are 3, 9, 15, 21 (4 numbers) --------- (2)

Numbers divisible by both 2 and 3 are 6, 12, 18, 24 (4 numbers) --------- (3)

From (1), (2) and (3), we see that the number of favourable outcomes is 16 (i.e., 8 + 4 +
4).
We know that, Probability of an event E, P (E) =number of favourable outcomes/ total
number of outcomes
=16/24
=2/3

7. A bag contains 6 black, 7 red and 2 white balls. A ball is drawn from the bag at random.
Find the probability that the ball drawn is black or white.

(A) 8/15
(B) 3/5
(C) 2/3
(D) 1/5

Answer: (A) 8/15

Solution: Total number of balls = 15

Number of balls that are either black or white = 8
Hence the number of favourable outcomes of ball drawn being black or white is 8.
We know that, Probability of an event E, P (E) =number of favourable outcomes/total
number of outcomes
So, the required probability is 8/15.

8. A card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the probability of drawing
a black card which is neither a face card nor an ace?

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 (A) 10/13
(B) 9/13
(C) 9/26
(D) 9/52

Answer: (C) 9/26

Solution: In each suit, there are 9 cards that are not face cards and ace.
Hence, there will be a total of 18 cards in a deck which are black and are not face
cards and ace.
We know that, Probability of an event E, P (E) =number of favourable outcomes/total
number of outcomes
Required probability is 18/52 = 9/26.

9. Each of letters of the word PILOTS is on separate cards, face down on the table. If you
pick a card at random, what is the probability that the letter will be a T or an L?

(A) 1/6
(B) 1/3
(C) ½
(D) 2/3

Answer: (B) 1/3

Solution: There are 6 outcomes out of which 2 are favourable (which are, getting T or L).
Probability of an event E, P (E) =number of favourable outcomes/ total number of
outcomes
Required probability = 2/6 = 1/3.

Theoretical Probability

10. A single die is rolled. The probability of getting 1 or an even number is

(A) 1/6
(B) 4/6
(C) 5/6
(D) 3/6

Answer: (D) 3/6

Solution: The favorable outcomes are 1, 2, 4 and 6.

We have 4 favorable outcomes out of a total outcomes of 6.

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 Thus the required probability = 4/6 = 2/3.

11. A bucket contains 10 brown balls, 8 green balls, and 12 red balls and you pick one
randomly without looking. What is the probability that the ball will be brown?

(A) 0.33
(B) 0.61
(C) 1/3
(D) 4/15

Answer: (C) 1/3

Solution: There are a total of 10 + 8 + 12 = 30 balls, out of which 10 are brown.

The required probability is 10/30 = 1/3.

12. A number is chosen at random among the first 100 natural numbers. Find the
probability that the number chosen is prime.

(A) ¼
(B) 3/10
(C) 29/100
(D) 27/100

Answer: (A) ¼

Solution: There are 25 prime numbers in the set of the first 100 natural numbers. They
are:
2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89, and 97.
We know that, Probability of an event E, P (E) =number of favourable outcomes/ total
number of outcomes.

Hence, the required probability = 25/100 = 1/4.

13. From a well-shuffled pack of 52 cards, a card is drawn at random, find the probability
that it is a spade.

(A) ½
(B) ¼
(C) 1/51
(D) 1/52

Answer: (B) ¼

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 Solution: There are 13 spades in a deck of 52. Hence, the probability of drawing a
spade is 13/52 = ¼

14. A die is thrown once, the probability of getting a composite number on the die is

(A) 1/3
(B) ½
(C) 2/3
(D) 1/6

Answer: (A) 1/3

Solution: The composite numbers among the numbers on a die are 4 and 6. Thus, we
have 2 favourable outcomes out of a total of 6 outcomes. Hence, the required
probability is 2/6 = 1/3.

15. The probability of an event of a trial

(A) is greater than 1

(B) 0
(C) lies between 0 and 1 (both inclusive)
(D) 1

Answer: (C) lies between 0 and 1 (both inclusive)

Solution: The probability of any event will lie between 0 and 1, both included

16. What is the probability of getting all heads or all tails, when three coins are tossed
simultaneously?

(A) ¾
(B) ½
(C) ¼
(D) 1/8

Answer: (C) 1/4

Solution: When three coins are tossed simultaneously, there are 8 possible outcomes,
which are (HHH), (HHT), (HTH), (THH), (HTT), (THT), (TTH), (TTT), where H is represents
the head and T represents the tail.
Favorable outcomes of getting all heads or all tails are HHH and TTT.
We know that, Probability of an event E, P (E) =Number of favorable outcomes /Total
number of outcomes
Hence, the required probability = 2/8 = 1/4

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17. There are 5 green, 6 black and 7 white balls in a bag. A ball is drawn at random
from the bag. Find the probability that it is not white.

(A) 5/18
(B) 2/3
(C) 7/18
(D) 11/18

Answer: (D) 11/18

Solution: Given,

Number of green balls = 5

Number of black balls = 6

Number of white balls = 7

Total number of outcomes = 5 + 6 + 7 = 18

There are 18 balls out of which 11 are not white.

⇒ Number of favourable outcomes = 11

Probability of an event, P (E) = =Number of favourable outcomes / Total number

of outcomes

⇒ P (ball drawn is not white) = 11/18

Therefore, probability that the ball drawn is not white is 11/18.

Alternate Method:
P (ball drawn is white) = 7/18

We know that,

P (ball drawn is white) + P (ball drawn is not white) = 1

Because the sum of the probability of an event and its complementary event is
always 1.

⇒ P (ball drawn is not white) = 1 - P (ball drawn is white) = 1−7/18 = 11/18

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 Therefore, probability that the ball drawn is not white is 11/18.

18. From a set of 17 cards, numbered 1, 2,... 17, one card is drawn. What is the probability
that the number is a multiple of 3 or 7?

(A) 5/17
(B) 7/17
(C) 8/17
(D) 6/17

Answer: (B) 7/17

Solution: The total number of possible outcomes is 17

The number of favourable outcomes is 3, 6, 7, 9, 12, 14 and 15

=7

Thus, the required probability = number of favourable outcomes/ total number of

outcomes

= 7/17.

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MCQ WORKSHEET-I
CLASS X: CHAPTER - 15
PROBABILITY

1. There are 6 marbles in a box with number 1 to6 marked on each of them . What is the
probability of drawing a marble with number 2 ?
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
6 5 3

2. A coin is flipped to decide which team starts the game . What is the probability of your team will
start ?
1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
4 2

3. A die is thrown once . What will be the probability of getting a prime number ?

m
1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
6 2

co
Cards are marked with numbers 1 to 25 are placed in the box and mixed thoroughly. One card is

y.
drawn at random from the box. Answer the following questions (Q4-Q13)
da
4. What is the probability of getting a number 5?
to
1 1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
25 5
es

5. What is the probability of getting a number less than 11?

di

1 2
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
tu

5 5
.s

6. What is the probability of getting a number greater than 25?

w

1 2
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
w

5 5
w

7. What is the probability of getting a multiple of 5?

1 1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
25 5

8. What is the probability of getting an even number?

12 13
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
25 25

9. What is the probability of getting an odd number?

12 13
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
25 25
10. What is the probability of getting a prime number?
8 9 12 13
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 25 25 25

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11. What is the probability of getting a number divisible by 3?
8 9 12 13
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 25 25 25

12. What is the probability of getting a number divisible by 4?

8 9 6 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 25 25 25

13. What is the probability of getting a number divisible by 7?

8 9 6 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 25 25 25

14. A bag has 4 red balls and 2 yellow balls. A ball is drawn from the bag without looking into the
bag. What is probability of getting a red ball?
1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
6 3 3

m
co
15. A bag has 4 red balls and 2 yellow balls. A ball is drawn from the bag without looking into the
bag. What is probability of getting a yellow ball?

y.
1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
6 3 da 3
to
es
di
tu
.s
w
w
w

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MCQ WORKSHEET-II
CLASS X: CHAPTER - 15
PROBABILITY
A box contains 3 blue, 2 white, and 5 red marbles. If a marble is drawn at random from the
box, then answer the questions from 1 to 5.

1. What is the probability that the marble will be white?

1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
6 5 3

2. What is the probability that the marble will be red?

1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
6 2

3. What is the probability that the marble will be blue?

m
3 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
10 2

co
4. What is the probability that the marble will be any one colour?

y.
1 1
(a) (b) da (c) 1 (d) 0
6 2
to
5. What is the probability that the marble will be red or blue?
4 1 2
es

(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)

5 5 5
di

A die is thrown once, then answer the questions from 6 to 10.

tu

6. Find the probability of getting a prime number

.s

1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
w

6 2
w

7. Find the probability of getting a number lying between 2 and 6

w

1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
6 2

8. Find the probability of getting an odd number.

1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
6 2
9. Find the probability of getting an even number.
1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
6 2
10. Find the probability of getting a number greater than 4.
1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
6 3 3

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MCQ WORKSHEET-III
CLASS X: CHAPTER - 15
PROBABILITY
A box contains 5 red marbles, 6 white marbles and 4 green marbles. If a marble is drawn at
random from the box, then answer the questions from 1 to 6.

1. What is the probability that the marble will be white?

1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
6 3 3

2. What is the probability that the marble will be red?

1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
6 3 3

3. What is the probability that the marble will be green?

m
1
(a) 0.3 (b) (c) 1 (d) none of these
2

co
4. What is the probability that the marble will be any one colour?

y.
1 1
(a) (b) da (c) 1 (d) 0
6 2
to
5. What is the probability that the marble will be red or green?
2 3 1
es

(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these

5 25 5
di

6. What is the probability that the marble will be blue?

tu

1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 0
.s

6 2
w

Cards are marked with numbers 1 to 50 are placed in the box and mixed thoroughly. One card is
w

drawn at random from the box. Answer the following questions from 7 to 15.
w

7. What is the probability of getting a number 5?

1 1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
25 5

8. What is the probability of getting a number less than 11?

1 2
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
5 5

9. What is the probability of getting a number greater than 50?

1 2
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
5 5

10. What is the probability of getting a multiple of 5?

1 1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) (d)
25 5

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11. What is the probability of getting an even number?

1 12 13
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)
2 25 25

12. What is the probability of getting an odd number?

1 12 13
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)
2 25 25
13. What is the probability of getting a prime number?
1 4 3
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d)
2 10 10

14. What is the probability of getting a number divisible by 3?

8 9 12 13
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 25 25 25

m
15. What is the probability of getting a number divisible by 4?

co
8 9 6 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 25 25 25

y.
16. What is the probability of getting a number divisible by 7?
da
8 9 6 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 25 25 25
to
es
di
tu
.s
w
w
w

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MCQ WORKSHEET-IV
CLASS X: CHAPTER - 15
PROBABILITY

m
co
y.
da
to
es
di
tu
.s
w
w
w

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m
co
y.
da
to
10. 10 defective pens are accidentally mixed with 90 good ones. It is not possible to just look at
a pen and tell whether or not it is defective. One pen is taken out at random from this lot.
es

Determine the probability that the pen taken out is a good one.
di

A. 0.10 B. 0.20 C. 0.90 D. 1.0

tu
.s
w
w
w

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MCQ WORKSHEET-V
CLASS X: CHAPTER - 15
PROBABILITY

One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Answer the question from 1 to 12.

1. Find the probability of getting a king of red colour

1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
26 13 13 26
2. Find the probability of getting a face card.
1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
26 13 13 13

3. Find the probability of getting a black face card

1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)

m
26 13 13 26

co
4. Find the probability of getting an ace.
1 2 1 3

y.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
26 13 13 da 26

5. Find the probability of getting a black card.

to
1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
es

2 13 13 26
di

6. Find the probability of getting a face card or an ace.

4 2 1 3
tu

(a) (b) (c) (d)

13 13 13 13
.s

7. Find the probability of getting face card or black card.

w

4 8 7 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
w

13 13 13 13
w

8. Find the probability of getting a king or red card.

4 8 7 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
13 13 13 13

9. Find the probability of getting a king and red card.

1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
26 13 13 26

10. Find the probability of getting a king or queen card.

1 2 1 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
26 13 13 26

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