Detection and Estimation Theory (CT505)
Assignment 8
May 22, 2020
1. The data x[n], n = 0, 1, . . . , N − 1 are observed having the PDF
1 1 2
p(x[n]|µ) = √ exp − 2 (x[n] − µ) .
2πσ 2 2σ
The x[n]’s are independent when conditioned on µ. The mean µ has the prior PDF
µ ∼ N (µ0 , σ02 ).
Find the MMSE and MAP estimators of µ. What happens as σ02 −→ 0 and σ02 −→ ∞?
2. For the posterior PDF (
exp [−(θ − x)] , θ > x
p (θ|x) =
0, θ < x,
find the MMSE and MAP estimators.
3. The data x[n] = A + w[n] for n = 0, 1, . . . , N − 1 are observed. The unknown parameter A is
assumed to have the prior PDF
(
λ exp (−λA) A > 0
p(A) =
0 A<0
where λ > 0, and w[n] is WGN with variance σ 2 and is independent of A. Find the MAP
estimator of A.
4. Consider the data model
x[n] = A cos(2πf0 n + φ) + w[n]
where √
A= a2 + b 2
−b
φ = arctan .
a
If θ = [a b]T ∼ N (0, σθ2 I), show that the PDF of A is Rayleigh, the PDF of φ is U[0, 2π], and
that A and φ are independent.
5. Consider the vector MAP estimator or
θ̂ = arg max p(θ|x).
θ
Show that this estimator minimizes the Bayes Risk for the cost function
(
1 |||| > δ
C() =
0 |||| < δ
Pp
where = θ − θ̂, ||||2 = 2
i=1 i , and δ −→ 0.
1
6. If x is a 2 × 1 random vector with PDF
x ∼ N (0, C),
prove that the PDF of xT C−1 x is that of a X22 random variable.