BUS
BY: CHARLES G. JUARIZO
BUS
A set of lines used to transport data between a
transmitter and a receiver
Lines are grouped together according to the signals they
carry.
e.g. address bus, control bus, data bus
BUS DESIGN REQUIREMENT:
1. A logic ‘0’ transmitted should be a logic ‘0’ received.
2. A logic ‘1” transmitted should be a logic ‘1’ received.
BUS DESIGN CONSIDERATION
1. Noise Immunity
Considers the voltage compatibility of the transmitter and the
receiver.
Considers also the amount of noise voltage that can be tolerated.
VOH VIH(min)
Xmtr Rcvr
(TTL) (TTL)
Requirement:
VOH > VIH
NI = VOH - VIH
Example
TTL – TTL
VOH = 2.4 V VIH = 2V NI = 0.4V
TTL – LSTTL
VOH = 2.4 V VIH = 2V NI = 0.4V
TTL – CMOS
VOH = 2.4 V VIH = 3.5V NI = -1.1V (not compatible)
CMOS - TTL
VOH = 4.6V VIH = 2V NI = 2.6V
LOGIC 0
VOL VIL(max)
Xmtr Rcvr
(TTL) (TTL)
Requirement:
VOL < VIL
NI = VIL - VOL
EXAMPLE
TTL – TTL
VOL = 0.4V VIL = 0.8V NI = 0.4V
TTL – LSTTL
VOL = 0.4V VIL = 0.8V NI = 0.4V
CMOS – TTL
VOL = 0.4V VIL = 0.8V NI = 0.4V
BUS DESIGN CONSIDERATION
2. DC Loading
- considers the current requirements
LOGIC 1:
IOH(CAP) IIH
Xmtr Rcvr
(TTL) (TTL)
400𝜇𝐴 40𝜇𝐴
Requirement:
IOH > IIH
BUS DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Multiple Receivers
- considers the current requirements
LOGIC 1:
IOH IIH
𝐼𝐼𝐻
Xmtr Rcvr
(TTL) (TTL)
Requirement:
IIH
𝐼𝑂𝐻 ≥ 𝐼𝐼𝐻
Example
TTL – TTL
- 10 TTL receivers to 1 TTL transmitter
TTL – LSTTL
IOH = 400𝜇𝐴 IIH = 20𝜇𝐴
- 20 LSTTL receivers to 1 TTL transmitter
CMOS – TTL
IOH = 360𝜇𝐴 IIH = 40𝜇𝐴
- 9 TTL receivers to 1 CMOS transmitter
LOGIC O
IOL(CAP) IIL
Xmtr Rcvr
(TTL) (TTL)
Requirement:
IOL > IIL
Example
TTL – TTL
IOL = 16mA IIL = 1.6mA
10 TTL receivers to 1TTL transmitter
TTL – LSTTL
IOL = 16mA IIL = 0.4mA
40 LSTTL to 1 TTL transmitter
(only 20 rcvrs) can be connected
CMOS – TTL
IOL = 0.36mA IIL = 1.6 mA
(not compatible) CMOS input circuit will be destroyed due to overcurrent
Example
CMOS – CMOS
IOL = 360𝜇A IIL = 1𝜇A
360 CMOS receivers to 1 CMOS transmitter
IOH = 360𝜇A IIH = 1𝜇A
360 CMOS receivers to 1 CMOS transmitter
VOH = 4.6V IIH = 3.5V NI = 1.1V
VOL = 0.4V VIL = 1.5V NI = 1.1V