L2 ICT – UNIT 1: The Online World
Revision Template
Subject Notes Revision
Online Services: Lesson 1 Examples / Notes: Done
Communication websites Email- Email is where you communicate with other people
directly online, you can find emails that are sent to you in
your inbox and you can send emails to people directly as
well. Examples are the following: Gmail, email, Microsoft.
Instant messaging is a form of communication where you
are online, for example, whatsapp, Snapchat, Facebook,
Instagram, Twitter lastly Tik Tok. Instant messaging is
better communication because if you send a message on
Snapchat it will show on the other person's phone that
you sent a message.
Online conferences- is a way you present to the people in
the room or other companies that are held in a business
environment for example if you have a project that you
want to show others you can deliver to others using the
internet, for example, google meet, zoom.
Newsgroups- Newsgroup can be used on a mobile device
through the news app that is built within the phone that is
where you keep up to date with news to see what is going
on in the world or in your country. The other newsgroup
can be news articles online or newspaper is a form of
news as well.
Blogs- When a person shares their personal life on the
internet sharing what they’re doing in their day to day life.
Blogs are brilliant because you can vlog your day and
then edit it and finally put it on an outlet. In most cases
it’s youtube to get your content on.
Social networking- Social networking is where people
send posts and receive posts for example Snapchat. On
most social media platforms that is an opinion to view
other people’s stories which is very unique because it
allows you to see what everybody is up to. Social media
is on the internet where you can see people's content.
You might like a person interests that you can visually
see on their personalised account. You might possibly
share the same interests. They are many people on social
media who have many different backgrounds so you
understand many people and respect everyone. Social
media is a brilliant way to comminate with others and
make new friendships. Youtube can allow you to watch
interesting videos such as podcasts, news, sports-
related, vlogs, tutorials on how to do something,
educational purposes. Instagram Snapchat - The fastest
way to share a moment! YouTube TikTok - Make Your
Day
This service is about moving data between users for
example: email,instant messaging, newsgroup, social
networking such as facebook,online conferencing and
blogs.
Real-time information Train timetables- Real-time information in train timetables
shows what time the train is going to come. It shows the
time for example the train is going to be at 10:00 it will
say on the bus shelter the bus will approximately take
about 15 minutes. UK Train Times | Official UK Train
Timetables | Trainline (thetrainline.com)
News services- News services are real-time because they
show you what is happening right now, for example, if I
want to know football scores I would go to sky sports and
it will tell me the football scores. Sky Sports - Sports
News, Transfers, Scores | Watch Live Sport
Traffic reports- Traffic reports are real-time traffic reports
that will show in news online, car radio stations. If you're
driving and there is an accident or a weather forecast,
imagine if it snows really badly you can avoid the traffic.
UK-Wide Traffic News - Live Updates from www.traffic-
update.co.uk
Fight status updates- Flight status updates will let you
know the schedule of departure according to the airline
schedule. It will let you on the screens if your plane is
delayed which will affect the departure time that you
scheduled for. In air implies that it will let you know
where the aeroplane is taking off and there will be an
estimated time of when you’re going to arrive at your
destination. The flight status of when your landing means
that your flight has ended and know you have arrived.
The status when you arrive at your destination it will say
the flight has arrived at its gate. When your plane is
cancelled it will pronounce flight has been cancelled.
FlightAware - Flight Tracker / Flight Status
Weather- The places you can find out the weather is on the
internet possibly on the BBC weather which is very accurate
and has a precise forecast. The weather application on your
mobile device is very convenient because if you wanted to
know the weather for today you can easily take out your
phone and look at how cold or warm the temperature is for
today. The weather application on your mobile device has
timings throughout the day and night to show you what the
weather is like at that given moment or throughout the week. It
shows you how much percentage of snow, rain and hail for
lightning there is a symbol for it. The purpose of this
application is to allow people to check the weather by any city
they are in and you can add more cities on your weather app
to see places around the world weather forecast. BBC
Weather Weather Forecast - World & Local Weather
Report Online | Sky News
This service is used to get up to data information for
examples: train timetables, news services, traffic reports,
flight status updates and weather.
E-Commerce
Internet banking- Internet banking is where you can
access your bank account on your phone where you can
check your money, current accounts, saving accounts,
you can check what your spending each month and see
everything you buy. Barclays Student Account:
Everything You Need To Know - Wise, formerly
TransferWise Student bank account | Student Additions
Account | Barclays
As a student on a high education is entitled to a student
who is studying full time who is on an undergraduate
course (2 years) for a postgraduate (1 year) as a student
on higher apprenticeship for level 4+
Online auction websites- This is where people sell
products online, for example, eBay when an individual
gets people to bid for a product and the seller puts the
product on a bid and the bid gets higher and higher the
highest bidder wins the product. Electronics, Cars,
Fashion, Collectibles & More | eBay
Retail can be in a supermarket such as Asda, Morrisons
where they sell household products, food, beverages etc.
Retail is a convenience which is a small business that sells
day to day entails such as coffee, groceries, snack foods and
drinks. A clothing retail store would sell clothes, shoes etc a
clothing shop will sell expensive or designer clothing such as
Cucci, Louis Vuitton, Dior, Fendi, Prada, Balenciaga, Nike,
finally JD Sports.
Nike. Just Do It. Nike GB
This service involves business buying, selling, and
money service such as banking. Examples are the
following: internet banking,online auction websites such
as ebay,retail sales example hvm,tesco, publishing such
as kindle and amazon.
Government websites Online taxes it is used to pay to provide funding for the
public, e voting is that where you vote online in regards
to vote for your local community, applications for
services and grants which is where university gives loans
for people who need financial help for study books etc: ,
revenue collection such as pension and your annual
income.
This service involves public services, such as
government bodies, like the dvla and local council.
Examples are online tax returns, e-voting, applications for
services or grants, revenue collection, renewing car tax.
Education This service involves learning and training examples are
online learning for learners e.g. (bbc bitesize) lastly
online training.
Entertainment This service involves using the internet for leisure and
fun. Examples are online gaming including multiplayers
on consoles and portable devices,radio players and
music websites, catch- up tv, on- demand films.
Download services This service involves files which can be downloaded and
saved onto the user’s computer. These are legal services.
These examples are music and film, softwares, upgrades.
Business
This services involves businesses using websites to make
their business more efficient ot to save money for example
video conferring example (skype),collaborating working,
business networks.
Online advertising
A web page will host an advert for another organisation. If a
user clicks on the advert , they are directed to the advertiser’s
website. The host will receive payment for each user who
clicks on the advert. This is known as an affiliate model.
Online Documents: Lesson 2 Examples / Notes:
Compressions (.zip) Compressed zip files contain binary which contains 8
numbers containing 8 1s and 8 0s. This is to compress
files to make it smaller to store lots of information on a
smaller file.
Compression is also known as “zipping” and is done
using an algorithm. One file can be compressed or many
files can be compressed into one.
File extensions are created using a different compression
algorithm. Therefore, the users compressing and
expanding the file need to use the same program.
Advantages of file compression are the following:
Saving memory space on computers e.g. web servers,
files will upload and download more quickly, files will
better fit restrictions such as the attachment limit on
email.
Exam answer
An algorithm is used in compression to make the file
smaller: an index file is included when the algorithm is
used and is part of the compressed file. When the file is
expanded , the index holds information to recreate the
original file.
Online software for creation Online software for creation such as google drive is a
more convenient place to store your work because it
automatically saves, however on a word document you
have to save it every 30 to 60 minutes. Online software is
a beneficial way to collaborate with others because you
all can work on the same document where each person
does a quarter amount of work.
Advantages of stand alone software are the following: as
it is installed onto the hard drive, it can be used where
there is no internet access.It runs faster than online
softwares with a poor internet connection.
Online softwares
Online software is accessed through a web browser and is
available anywhere that has an internet connection such as:
Updated automatically (on the server,rather than on the
client), backed up automatically, can be used on different
devices: computer,tablet, smart phone, etc.), can be used on
different operating systems (windows,mac,etc.)
Version control Version control is where if you're working on a project
you have to save the document or the project so if your
work that you are currently doing doesn’t save you could
have a backup so you can work at it again.
Online backups
Backing up files online means saving them to external
services there are:
If the user’s computer fails , the files are saved on servers
elsewhere and would still be safe.
Cloud storage is often also backed up so there is double
security.
Backup and restore
If you are backing up a file it is important to make sure that
you can restore these files if the original copy is deleted or
corrupted. When you are answering questions about backups,
make sure you write about making a second copy and
restoring it.
Exam example
Why is backing up files important? Identify two reasons from
the list below.
1) If files become corrupt
2) If files are accidentally deleted
Levels of access The levels of access are for example, where I send a
document to the class that I have the access to give a
person an editing right, read only access lastly I can give
a person read and write access.
Online Comms: Lesson 3 Examples / Notes:
Netiquette A netiquette is a set of rules for accepting online
behaviour however it mainly focuses on the uses of
online social environment. For example youtube,
instagram, snapchat and whats app.
Online communities Online communities such as facebook that contain a
facebook page where you share the same interests or
shared value. Online communications is where you can
communicate by asking questions and you can talk to
the chat group to know a bit more about what the group
is about. It is a group of people with the same interests or
purpose who use the internet to communicate with each
other.
Virtual world A virtual world is a computer simulated representation
which is not an actual real life world but otherwise as a
world which contains characteristics and players who
interact with these virtual reality worlds show themselves
as avatars. Virtual reality is a 3d dimensional image or
environment that can be interacted with in real or
physical form in an interesting form for interacting by
using special electronic equipment. The examples of
virtual reality for platforms can be playstation, nintendo
labo, samsung gear vr, ios, android cardboard.
Chat & chat rooms The online chat room is a form of online communication
where it is an area on the internet also where computer
networks use to communicate on one particular topic or
subject. They discuss work related things, business
related, general life, etc:. Examples of chat rooms where
it can be used are gmail, skype, a chat group can be
whatsapp, facebook,snap chat and many more.
Advantages of collaborating working are:
Users do not need to travel to work together, saving
money, time and the environment.
Users can work on the same document instead of having
different versions of the same file.
Social networking Social networking is the form of communication is the
use of internet based social media sites ro stay in touch
with family, friends, business purposes. The business
purpose of social networking is where you can advertise/
promote your entail product or item to an audience. The
examples of social networking are instagram, snapchat,
facebook, whats app, tik tok, youtube and finally
pinterest.
Instant messaging Instant messaging is whenever an individual sends you a
form of message it directly sends it to your phone
instantly if you're using sms. On the other hand, such as
snapchat you can turn off if you have seen somebody’s
snap so the other person doesn’t know. On snapchat if
you send a message to a individual it will say delivered
and that person can might not
VOIP – video conferencing
Cloud computing
Ubiquitous computing
The Internet: Lesson 4 Examples / Notes:
Cloud computing
POP (Point of presence)
NAP (Network Access Point)
Client Server Architecture
Routers
Network backbone
Internet connection types
Worldwide Web: Lesson 5 Examples / Notes:
Web servers
Website structure
Components of the URL
HTTP
HTML
Browsers
Search engines
Email: Lesson 6 Examples / Notes:
Sending an email – how it
works
Advantages of email
Disadvantages of email
Email protocols
Differences between POP &
IMAP
Data Exchange: Lesson 7 Examples / Notes:
Network structure
Transmission modes
Real time communication
CODEC
Methods of transmission
/cabling/wireless etc
Packet switching
Data transfer rates
Microwave
Satellite
Client vs Server
Databases: Lesson 8 Examples / Notes:
Data storage methods
Databases
Database structure – files,
fields, records
Online databases
DBMS
SQL
Threats to data: Lesson 9 Examples / Notes:
Cyber crimes
Malicious damage to data
Preventative technologies
Firewalls
Access control methods
Disaster recovery
Business continuity
Benefits and dangers of social
networking
Managing your E-Reputation
Online monitoring of
movements & communication
Current legislation : DPA
(1998), CMA (1990)
