Linux Basics Cheat Sheet

by m_ashraf via cheatography.com/84329/cs/19923/

Linux files ystem user accounts operations other (cont)

/ root directory of the entire file sudo <co​‐ do a command as a super badblocks searches for bad sectors in
system hirarchy mma​nd> user (root) /dev/sda1 -v sda1 and put the output in
/bin/ Essential user command binaries passwd change the user password > file file

/boot/ static files of the boot loader whoami show the current user the > here is a part of the command

/dev/ device files who show user detaled data

Navigating direct​ories
/etc/ host-s​pecific system config​uration su <us​ern​‐ switch user
ame> cd <di​rec​tor​‐ change direct​ory:go to the
/home/ user home direct​ories
y> given directory
/lib/ essential shared libraries and sudo make new user
adduser cd ~ change directory to home
kernel modules
<us​ern​ame> cd .. go up one directory
/media/ mount point for removable media
such as USB sudo add existing user to a group cd - go to the previous working
adduser directory
/mnt/ mount point for a tempor​arily
<us​ern​ame> ls list directory contents
mounted filesy​stems
<gr​oup​nam​‐
/opt/ optional commercial software ls -l use long listing format
e>>
/sbin/ system binaries ls -lh use human readable long
sudo add the user to the sudoers
listing format
/usr/ user utilities and applic​ations adduser file (giving him the root
find <file or searchs for file or directory
/usr/s​‐ shared files over the system <us​ern​ame> privilage)
direct​ory> in the working directory
hare/ sudo
locate <file searchs for file or directory
/root/ home directory for the root user sudo deluser delete user account
or direct​ory> in the whole system
<us​ern​ame> (doesn't remove his files in
these are not all the filesystem direct​ories
the home directory remove pwd print working directory
,but they're the most important to know
it yourself) the '<' and '>' are not used in the command
they're just for making things here obvious
other

uname -a displays detaled system

inform​ation
free display memory size
(total​,used and free sizes)

free -h display memory size in

human readable format
lsblk list block devices
badblocks searches for bad sectors in
<de​vic​e> -v device

By m_ashraf Published 24th June, 2019. Sponsored by CrosswordCheats.com

cheatography.com/m-ashraf/ Last updated 24th June, 2019. Learn to solve cryptic crosswords!
Page 1 of 2. http://crosswordcheats.com
 Linux Basics Cheat Sheet
by m_ashraf via cheatography.com/84329/cs/19923/

terminal tips operations on files and direct​ories apt package manager

using up navigating throw your cp <fi​le> <target copy file to a target apt search search for package in the
and down command history dir> directory <pa​ckage database
arrows mv <fi​le> move file to a target name>
ctrl+R searching for previously typed <target dir> direct​ory,and can be apt show show detaled inform​ation
command in your history used to rename files <pa​ckage about the package
clear clears terminal rm <fi​le> remove file name>

history view command history rm -r <di​r> remove directory recurs​‐ sudo apt install package, if it's already
ively install <pa​‐ installed it will search for
<co​mma​‐ for long output commands:
ckage updates for it,if it's already
nd> | less view only one page and give rm -i prompt for every
name> the last version it tell you that
you the ability to navigate removal
through output lines using sudo apt remove installed package
rm -v explain what's being
arrow keys exit using Q remove
done
<pa​ckage
<co​mma​‐ for long output commands: nano <fi​le> a terminal based text
name>
nd> | view only one page and give editor
more you the ability to navigate apt list -- list installed packages
chmod <mo​de> changes mode (permi​‐
through output pages using inst​alled
<fi​le> ssions) of the file
Enter exit using Q sudo apt remove the packages that
chmod -R <mo​‐ change mode of
<co​mma​‐ perform two commands one autoremove has no use
de> <di​r> directory and its
nd> && after the other sudo apt update packages database
contents recurs​ively
<co​mma​‐ update
chown <ow​ner> change owner of the file
nd> sudo apt upgrade installed software
file
man show manual of that program upgrade
chown <ow​ner> change owner and
<comman or tool
apt is just a front-end for apt-get so it won't
: <gr​oup> file group of file
or progra​‐
be different if you use any of them but for
m> mkdir <dir makes new directory
some user interface inhancing
name>
zip <ar​chive make a .zip archive
name> <files to including the selected
be archiv​ed>> files
unzip <ar​chi​ve> extract the archive in the
working directory

By m_ashraf Published 24th June, 2019. Sponsored by CrosswordCheats.com

cheatography.com/m-ashraf/ Last updated 24th June, 2019. Learn to solve cryptic crosswords!
Page 2 of 2. http://crosswordcheats.com