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Module - 1 Partial Differential

This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in Module 1 of a Calculus and Laplace Transform course, including: - Functions of two variables, limits and continuity, and partial derivatives - Chain rule, extreme values, saddle points, and Lagrange multipliers with one constraint - Exercises on limits of two variables, continuity, partial derivatives, Euler's theorem, total differential, implicit functions, directional derivatives, Taylor's series, and Lagrange's method The document lists the chapter contents and provides brief explanations of topics like total differential, directional derivatives, Taylor's series, and using Lagrange's method with multipliers to find extreme values subject to a constraint. It directs students to related exercises at

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B Saraswathi
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138 views107 pages

Module - 1 Partial Differential

This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in Module 1 of a Calculus and Laplace Transform course, including: - Functions of two variables, limits and continuity, and partial derivatives - Chain rule, extreme values, saddle points, and Lagrange multipliers with one constraint - Exercises on limits of two variables, continuity, partial derivatives, Euler's theorem, total differential, implicit functions, directional derivatives, Taylor's series, and Lagrange's method The document lists the chapter contents and provides brief explanations of topics like total differential, directional derivatives, Taylor's series, and using Lagrange's method with multipliers to find extreme values subject to a constraint. It directs students to related exercises at

Uploaded by

B Saraswathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculus and Laplace Transform

(MAT1001)
Module-1

Dr. Ajay K Bhurjee


SASL – Mathematics
VIT , Bhopal University.
Module : 1 Partial Differentiation
Content:
Functions of two variables
Limits and continuity
 partial derivatives
Chain rule –
Extreme values and saddle points –
Lagrange Multipliers with one constraint –
 Taylor’s formula for two variables
Exercise (1.1) Limit of two variables
Exercise (1.2) Continuity
Partial Derivatives
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES OF HIGHER ORDERS
Exercise (1.3) Partial Derivatives
EULER’S THEOREM ON HOMOGENEOUS FUNCTION
Exercise (1.4) Euler’s theorem for homogeneous function
50

Note:
51
52
53
TOTAL DIFFERENTIAL

 In partial differentiation of a function of two or more variables, only one variable


varies. But in total differentiation, increments are given in all the variables.
 Let 𝒛 = 𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚
 Then total differential of z is:
𝝏𝒇 𝝏𝒇
 𝒅𝒛 = 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒅𝒚
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒚

 Then 𝒅𝒛 is called total differential


 CHANGE OF TWO INDEPENDENT VARIABLES 𝑥 AND 𝑦 BY ANY OTHER VARIABLE 𝑡.
Exercise (1.5) Total Differential
Total Differential of Implicit function
Exercise (1.6) Total Differential of Implicit
function
Directional Derivatives in the Plane
The equation is the tangent line given by
TAYLOR’S SERIES OF TWO VARIABLES
Exercise (1.7) Exercise on Taylor’s Theorem
Maximum & Minimum Value, Extreme point, Saddle point
Working Rule to find the value of Extreme point
LAGRANGE METHOD OF UNDETERMINED MULTIPLIERS
Exercise (1.8) Exercise on Lagrange's Multiplier
Error & Approximation

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