Session -4 Agenda
1. Recap of Session-3
2. QUIZ-1 Discussion
3. Control Statements
4. Program Demonstration on Control Statements
Session -4 Assignments
Assignment: Programming for Problem Solving
Platform: Teams
1. Generate a total electricity bill paid by the customer based on the units
consumed. (Verify Your Home Bill).
2. List the Amstrong numbers from m to n.
3. Program to Generate sum of the serirs
1+x+x2+x3+……. Upto n terms.
4. Use the nested loop to display a series
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
1. Control Statements
1. Conditional / Selection Statements
Java If-else Statement
The Java if statement is used to test the condition. It checks Boolean
condition: true or false. There are various types of selection
statement in java.
o if statement (one way-selection)
if(condition)
{
//code to be executed
}
o if-else statement (two way-selection)
if(condition)
{
//code to be executed
}
else
{
//code to be executed
}
o nested if statement ( if inside another if)
if(condition1)
{
if(condition2)
{
//code to be executed
}
//code to be executed
}
o if-else-if ladder (Multi way selection)
if(condition1)
{
//code to be executed
}
else if(condition2)
{
//code to be executed
}
-----------------------
else
{
//code to be executed
}
Java Switch Statement
The Java switch statement executes one statement from multiple
conditions. It is like if-else-if ladder statement.
switch(expression)
{
case value1: //code to be executed;
break; //optional
case value2: //code to be executed;
break; //optional
......
default:
// code to be executed if all cases are not matched;
}
***case values can be integer constant, character constant and
string constant.
public class Example
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int number=20;
switch(number)
{
case 10: System.out.println("CSE");break;
case 20: System.out.println("EEE");break;
case 30: System.out.println("ECE");break;
default:System.out.println("Invalid input");
}
}
}
Java Switch Statement is fall-through
The java switch statement is fall-through. It means it executes all
statement after first match if break statement is not used with switch
cases.
public class Example2
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int number=20;
switch(number)
{
case 10: System.out.println("10");
case 20: System.out.println("20");
case 30: System.out.println("30");
default:System.out.println("Hello");
}
}
}
2. Loop / Repetitive / Iterative Statements
Java while Loop
The Java while loop is used to iterate a part of the program several
times. If the number of iteration is not fixed, it is recommended to use
while loop.
*** It is an event based loop, entry controlled loop.
Syntax:
while(condition)
{
//code to be executed
}
Java Infinitive While Loop
If you pass true in the while loop, it will be infinitive while loop.
while(true)
{
System.out.println("never ends");
}
Java do-while Loop
The Java do-while loop is used to iterate a part of the program several
times. If the number of iteration is not fixed and you must have to
execute the loop at least once, it is recommended to use do-while
loop.
The Java do-while loop is executed at least once because condition is
checked after loop body.
*** It is an event based loop, exit controlled loop
Syntax:
do
{
//code to be executed
}while(condition);
If you pass true in the do-while loop, it will be infinitive do-while loop.
do{
System.out.println("Never Ends");
}while(true);
Java for Loop
The Java for loop is used to iterate a part of the program several
times. If the number of iteration is fixed, it is recommended to use for
loop.
*** It is a counter controlled loop, entry controlled loop
There are three types of for loop in java.
o Simple For Loop
o for-each or Enhanced For Loop
1. Java Simple for Loop
The simple for loop is same as C/C++. We can initialize variable, check
condition and increment/decrement value.
Syntax: for(initialization;condition;incr/decr)
{
//code to be executed
}
Example: for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
{
System.out.println(i);
}
2. Java for-each Loop
The for-each loop is used to traverse array or collection in java. It is
easier to use than simple for loop because we don't need to
increment value and use subscript notation.It works on elements
basis not index. It returns element one by one in the defined variable.
Syntax:
for(type var: array)
{
//code to be executed
}
int list[] = { 11, 2, 3, 14, 5, 62, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
int sum = 0;
for(int x : list)
{
System.out.println("Value is: " + x);
sum = sum + x;
}
Java Infinitive for Loop
for( ; ; )
{
System.out.println("Never Ends");
}
3. Jump Statements
Java break Statement
The Java break is used to break loop or switch statement. It
breaks the current flow of the program at specified condition.
When a break statement is encountered inside a loop, the loop
is terminated and program control resumes at the next
statement following the loop.
In case of inner loop, it breaks only inner loop.
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
{
if(i==5)
{
break;
}
}
System.out.println(i);
Java Continue Statement
The Java continue statement is used to continue loop.
We might want to continue running the loop but stop processing
the remainder of the code in its body for this particular iteration.
It continues the current flow of the program and skips the
remaining code at specified condition.
In case of inner loop, it continues only inner loop.
for(int i=1;i<=6;i++)
{
if(i==3)
{
continue;
}
System.out.println(i);
}
Java return Statement
The return statement is used to explicitly return from a method.
That is, it causes program control to transfer back to the caller of
the method.
At any time in a method the return statement can be used to
cause execution to branch back to the caller of the method.
Thus, the return statement immediately terminates the method
in which it is executed.
public class Demo
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int res;
res = add(20,30);
System.out.println("The result is "+res);
}
public static int add(int a , int b)
{
return(a+b);
}
}
2. Programs to Demonstrate Control Statements
[Hands on Session]
[Read Data From input Source]
1. Program to find net salary of an employee considering
basic pay as <=20000 and above.
2. Program to find the grade of a student using switch.
3. Program to find the sum of the digits of a number.
4. Program to display a number in name.
[123 -> one two three]
5. Program to find factorial of a number using do-while.
6. Program to check a number is perfect number or not.
7. Program to display a list of fruits in an array using for-each
loop.
8. Program to demonstrate use of break statement.
[Eg: Prime number or not.]
9. Program to demonstrate use of continue statement.
[Eg: the numbers divisible by 3 from 1 to 30.]
