VAGINAL RING

The vaginal ring is a hormonal

contraceptive device that is inserted into the
vagina. It releases a combination of estrogen and
progestin, which are absorbed through the vaginal
lining to prevent ovulation, alter cervical mucus,
and modify the uterine lining. This flexible,
plastic ring is typically worn for three weeks and
then removed for a one-week break, during which
menstruation occurs. The vaginal ring provides an
effective, user-friendly option for women seeking
a reversible form of contraception.

SUBDERMAL IMPLANTS
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES Subdermal implants are small, flexible
rods that are inserted under the skin of the upper
arm to provide long-term hormonal contraception.
Oral contraceptives, commonly known as These implants release a steady and controlled
birth control pills, are a form of hormonal dose of progestin, preventing ovulation,
contraception taken orally. They typically contain thickening cervical mucus, and thinning the
a combination of estrogen and progestin hormones uterine lining. Offering several years of
to inhibit ovulation, the release of eggs from the protection, subdermal implants are a low-
ovaries. Additionally, these pills alter cervical maintenance option for individuals seeking a
mucus consistency and the uterine lining, creating highly effective and reversible method of birth
an environment less conducive to fertilization and control. Removal of the implants allows for a
implantation. Taken consistently on a daily basis, rapid return to fertility.
oral contraceptives are an effective and reversible
method for preventing unplanned pregnancies.

HORMONAL INJECTIONS
TRANSDERMAL CONTRACEPTIVES
PATCH Hormonal injections are a method of
contraception that involves administering
Transdermal contraceptive patches are a
progestin through an injection into the muscle,
form of hormonal birth control that delivers a
typically every few months. This hormone
controlled dose of hormones through the skin.
prevents ovulation, thickens cervical mucus, and
These patches, usually worn on the buttocks,
alters the uterine lining, collectively working to
abdomen, or upper body, release estrogen and
inhibit fertilization. Hormonal injections provide a
progestin into the bloodstream to prevent
convenient, long-lasting form of birth control,
ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, and thin the
eliminating the need for daily or weekly attention.
uterine lining. The convenience of weekly
Fertility typically returns after discontinuing the
application distinguishes them from daily oral
injections, making this method suitable for those
contraceptives. By maintaining steady hormone
seeking reversible contraception.
levels, transdermal contraceptive patches offer are
liable and reversible method for preventing
pregnancy.
INTRAUTERINE DEVICE CERVICAL CAP
The intrauterine device (IUD) is a small,
T-shaped contraceptive device placed inside the The cervical cap is a small, dome-shaped
uterus to prevent pregnancy. Available in silicone or latex device designed to cover the
hormonal and non-hormonal varieties, IUDs work cervix and prevent sperm from entering the uterus.
by either releasing hormones that interfere with Similar to the diaphragm, it is used with
ovulation and sperm movement or by creating an spermicidal cream or gel and is inserted into the
environment that is hostile to sperm. IUDs are vagina before sexual intercourse. Fitted by a
highly effective and can provide contraception for healthcare professional, the cervical cap provides
several years, depending on the type. They are a a physical barrier, blocking sperm and offering a
reversible form of birth control, and fertility hormone-free method of contraception. Like other
usually returns promptly after removal. barrier methods, correct and consistent use is
essential for its effectiveness, and it can be a
reversible option for those seeking non-hormonal
birth control.
CHEMICAL BARRIERS
MALE CONDOMS
Chemical barriers are a form of
contraception that involves using chemical
substances to prevent pregnancy. This category Male condoms are a popular and widely
includes spermicides, which are chemicals that available form of barrier contraception. Made of
immobilize or kill sperm, and are available in latex, polyurethane, or polyisoprene, condoms are
various forms such as creams, gels, foams, or worn over the erect penis to create a physical
suppositories. When applied to the genital area or barrier that prevents sperm from reaching the
inserted into the vagina before sexual activity, vagina. They also provide a protective barrier
spermicides create a barrier, hindering the against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
movement of sperm and reducing the risk of Easily accessible and disposable, condoms are a
fertilization. While chemical barriers can be used versatile and reversible contraceptive option that
alone, they are often combined with other can be used as needed without the need for a
methods, such as condoms, to enhance prescription. Correct and consistent use is crucial
effectiveness and provide dual protection against for their effectiveness in preventing both
unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted unintended pregnancies and STIs.
infections.

The diaphragm is a barrier method of

contraception, resembling a shallow, dome-shaped FEMALE CONDOMS
cup made of silicone or latex, designed to cover
the cervix and block sperm from entering the
uterus. It is used in conjunction with spermicidal
cream or gel and is inserted into the vagina before SURGICAL METHODS:
sexual intercourse. Properly fitted by a healthcare VASECTOMY
professional, the diaphragm creates a physical
barrier, preventing sperm from reaching and
fertilizing an egg. While the diaphragm offers a
reversible and hormone-free contraceptive option,
it requires consistent and correct use to be SURGICAL METHODS: TUBAL
effective, making it important for users to adhere
to usage guidelines. LIGATION

DIAPHRAGM
 be used without a prescription. Correct and
consistent use is important for their effectiveness
in preventing both unintended pregnancies and
STIs.

Vasectomy is a permanent surgical method

of male contraception that involves cutting or
blocking the tubes (vas deferens) that carry sperm
from the testicles to the urethra. This procedure is
typically performed as an outpatient surgery and is
a highly effective means of preventing pregnancy.
While it doesn't affect sexual function or libido,
vasectomy is considered irreversible, so
individuals should carefully consider the
permanence of this method before undergoing the
procedure. It's important to note that while
vasectomy prevents the release of sperm during
ejaculation, it does not offer protection against
sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Tubal ligation is a permanent surgical

method of female contraception, commonly
known as "getting one's tubes tied." During this
procedure, the fallopian tubes are either cut,
sealed, or blocked to prevent the eggs from
reaching the uterus for fertilization. Tubal ligation
is a highly effective and permanent form of birth
control, making it suitable for individuals who
have decided not to have more children. This
surgical method does not impact hormonal
balance or menstrual cycles, but it is considered
irreversible, so individuals should carefully
consider their reproductive choices before
undergoing the procedure. It's important to note
that tubal ligation does not protect against
sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Female condoms are a form of barrier

contraception designed to be inserted into the
vagina before sexual intercourse. Made of
polyurethane or nitrile, they provide a physical
barrier that prevents sperm from reaching the
cervix. Female condoms also offer some
protection against sexually transmitted infections
(STIs). As a reversible and hormone-free option,
female condoms empower individuals to take
control of their reproductive health, and they can