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Class X Math Chapter Overview

The document provides an overview of topics covered in Class X including: 1) Real numbers, polynomials, pairs of linear equations in two variables, quadratic equations, triangles, coordinate geometry, and introduction to trigonometry. 2) Circles, conic sections related to circles, surfaces and volumes, and statistics. 3) Probability, rational numbers, decimal expansions, LCM, HCF, and prime factorisation. Methods to find LCM and HCF including using prime factorisation and Euclid's division lemma are also discussed.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
80 views25 pages

Class X Math Chapter Overview

The document provides an overview of topics covered in Class X including: 1) Real numbers, polynomials, pairs of linear equations in two variables, quadratic equations, triangles, coordinate geometry, and introduction to trigonometry. 2) Circles, conic sections related to circles, surfaces and volumes, and statistics. 3) Probability, rational numbers, decimal expansions, LCM, HCF, and prime factorisation. Methods to find LCM and HCF including using prime factorisation and Euclid's division lemma are also discussed.

Uploaded by

hibajafar957
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASS X

SNo Chapter Name

Real Numbars
Palynemials
Pai o Linex tquahions in2 Jasiabls
4|Quadaatl Equa tions Pg I
S sita mebe Pa greatiOn9 P l-12)
6|1siangles Pg IG)
Caoxdinate Ges metayCPg - 1
Ihtaoduetian to iqaromatyPa la-2
Ppplisstionso iganematy (Pg 232
Cscles Crg 25-21)-
Baea Related to ieles Pg 30)
Sutase hae an Valumea 31-)-
3 Statistics CP34-36)
Paababilt ea33)
aal Num bexs

POINTS DRECALLL

REBL NUBERS

Rotianal NoCa atgatiana Nos


texmina n hon -bexminaihq

hanteiminatnq ecutainq on- R CUTi

Ratiana Numbe Ctve) and v)


a bional Numbes

Rationalishg Factos

-
POINTS ad oPMULAS
CLASS

Pati onel Numbeas P anel q


a
hegess aidl q o

Tesmin atinq decima expanSion


7
ecihalespahsiDn
Noh temnctinq ecuks) n

Ala0Lh m

defre.dlst9psbhich
avesaPv_atduve tox
sesje o- we ll_
olvinga type0 blem
poveh statemant used fopaoving anethosstoternent
2 1414

Euclidls Division Lemma


given posibva teaeas tal and 6
ihteeas thase ev ist unique
and s , Sansying

ivIDEAT DINISDRx ouTIENI ) REM PINDER


Fundamental Theorem Asith maja FTe
Eves com pDiite number
paim andthis can6eexpseeied Pooduct o as a

hich
fa.ctoriza tion is
unique, apost fom thaioder
tha
pme achrs occax
Orique Factoa1sotion hrovem

ECGhn)
Paoduct o
SmallaYT wes
0E each COm
h tha numberr mon
r m facuoas
LCM

Pooduct o
on -e
geatut
num.bexs
uSoeach primefacto»r RA
i
HeF CaL) LCH
Casb
LCM(sb) akc. HCF Ca,la,
HCF La, b) .

HcF C,e) HCF Cast)


HCF Ca, b,e aLeM LAH Ca
Cas b) LCM Cb,) LCH Cas

Letp be theprime ounba ane f p diviskez


than p Olividep a' a l s o whexe a i a posd ve inteaex

Meth ods to hnd LCM and HCF Petactosisati.an


lisina thefaror
Fuclid's division leoms HCE

Pecimaleupans ion teninate after A p laces is tha lax4e

? an d

LeM o ational num bexs - LCM A uaenatuai


HCF 0+num Rva toas

LcH
HCE is aluays o
factos e
Hcr
LcMisCompletoly dlivisible bq

P m bumbes ith HCF 1


C o pT)me numbexs

-lLwih paime humbass P a i m e num ens with HeF and

difaxence

HnyPesibve nteqes 5 3q tl 34 2

3, tS
Pny pos tive cdd integex t q
7y Posbveeven integex C2m)
Sqef ony pesbve in tege
m, m + L 9m 8
Cube ofAny pcsbye integex
LCanseLubue nm beS_ n ntLnt2
How THAT PRODLEM
I6 2 5 6
Pime Numbers ere -20)
JP 29

Ie 324

3- 36
13
4a 6- 20 HOD

2 Cubea
23

31 36-

2
13
33 22
S3
4 64

Io Joo S 125
-

121 G 216
9
144 313
99
S S12

S 22S lo 1ooD
Polyhom ials

PoINTS To RECALL-

Po lanamialc be hole bex


Epo ront wil num

Constant Palunomial

dearee is O

Zexo Poluho mial

2eso1s Called 2exo poluromial

deqee is ot dened
7ea00 exd olunomial
evexu eaL num bar ic the

Lineax nomiaL

staaqt line qraph

a tb =ob

aclvatie Polyn amia

h
farobala.
O ato
a Eb tC

uicPolnomial

wave 9aph
T_Co +d O 3ato
a
laebaaic denáti
: (a t) a tE + ab
a+)utd)ac tod tb t4
2a- a +6= 2ab
3 a -6
o+b) tab atl at6-2a
6(a +b) a 6+ 3at Ca +b) 1s a-L)(atL)-
(a-)* a L -3ab Ca-
a+6 a )Ca b-a)
a-
(-) +b+ab)
a L +c 2ab 2 6 +2ae
lo a + L 3abe =

(a +bte)a+ t2 -ab-ca-be
f a+L+c 0 a +L +c = 3abbe

CLASS X POINIS and, toRMULAS

Polynomial
An aae taaicepes21on C tha On an-
a +a° where Ln'is a whole numbex ard o0a, a
eol
numbers is
Called a
Polunomial in the Nava
aeemet sCal meaning o a 2eso
o uch -axis hoo

i n e a Foluremiol

toct 1 solutien O,)

Quaoaoi Paluromiol

tost ase.lvions Co,12


um ot 2exoe

poduct o 2en0e)
Cubic Polunomial

Dt most_2 solutiont o,1, )-

Csum_o2ex0er
tdAX a um paooduet
ot a me 2zerDez
CProduct og2eat.er)
a e n e s a l Fo>m

Quaolsan
Cubic
Polunamial
olunomol
a-tP)tdp
dpY)
Identitie

ea

3) o) +

no p
5) +
)
B

9) P) +
neox Equahonsin Vaxiable

PoINTS o RECPLL

Bn equa hon ot thefoxm Oa bs te O hese abaand


Axe sea numbexs 9uch th ot a and6 axe not =0
is calld a eaxquation in b Nasiable

staaiqht=ine aph
ininitelmanu So luaOns

equahon O ax
qua6on o O

93aph o t a
staaiqht line pxallel to y-ax
aph o taaight ine pasallel tn x - a u

4 m Pascin9 ough Oqih Co.b)


CLASS APoINTSane fORMvLAS

Caenexa oxm

+b,4te
LineaaLquoton in h aioble
Craphical method
ge.baai methed
loLon
Subhtution Flininatien
Cnss
u lt pliateh
HP Linez
7PE FiGURE PFTOS No- oF SoLUTION Co NDITiON

ndexsecting Unique s o l
linga Consisternt
Coincidinq- Inantely ma Dependant
A
Line C
Censistent
Parallel
No solution ncensic tent
Linea

LsDSS Mulhplication

a,b a.b

ommon Oamuloo

Distonce Speed me
Upetaeam -y) h
onsteo m

word Poble ms

2 diait , f2ac hons g e , workand ime distanee me Sps


Hreo ard Peame tes Oprtaam a b t r a m

Blway tz bo 7educe e equcten the simplet fexm


befoye o t t e m t n a t D Sele fhem divide ato
(

uachati Equations
CLAS& XPoINTS and ORMULas

Ceneaal toz

CAx bx_t *O,wbex C Ond a: Gealnumbex


Cna a f O _

X aneP axehe atots D the equotion the uacdhat


eq uahOn 1s

- ( u m oootr) > +paoduct a aoot)0


-Xt) dp

Notuxe oRoct

2 distinet ea s00t
2
equal r e l aootr
D b - uac<0 ho al Oots

Quadrab Fomula

2a

CCmplet1nq e Squoxe

Mabe Coetiient of 1
a
Cby dividinq_coe ficient o thu
Add and Subta ct the m.aqit numbex

Maai Num les [coeffitiest ut«| x


thmeticPsaqezions
CLAS I POINIS and FoRMULAS
henexol Fexmu la

AP a a+d at 2d atîd,-
d O -a
a +(h-)
+

+
n o teaos
a s t term
common_ diteence
CAn last texm nth tesm 0 AP

Sum o s t n ' terms

n
a+(n-1)J)

Ca
a I tesmoj S
n-1
a

S
Fo th tezm om end
L+(n1)A A-(-)d
natusal r u m b e s s
S LonsecAVA

Sn nCn d

3Consecuive hos

3 tesms of an AP- a-d a, a+d

4 tesms AP a-3d,a-dy oa +d at3d


Consecutve even cld hum bexd

A n AP
Stexms o a-2d, a -ds a , a4e, a t2d

6 team5 0 an AP a - S d , a-3d , o d s atd, a+2d, a+d

l n a l a d dex no ofsunq

1 a b and eOxe OS n an- AP

20 b -o C b

26- o+
Tiangl
POINTS T0 2EtAL

SAS Cengun
qual to &
cides Ond includecd anale oatsiangleas
O
anqle o 0therA henb SAS na
Sle and incluoled
AG_axe Sa1c to b LonqTuent-

SA Longtuency

side oF a _Ae a x e equal to L


a Orqlaand inaludad
the
anglea_and included sidr o the other Ae then b ASD
A23 a x 9bid a b e con qaient

AAS Conauency

a Ale axa equal tp anale


JF 2anqlazOnd ons Side0
he Ae
side_ot the othex_A nan au ADS
and_Ona
O x e seid o beConguent-

SSS CongnaM

taion.gle ane equal


to
3 sidee of he othst
3 ider o ona

e an b S3 he Aa ae Saidto ba Conqvent_
tiona

RHS Conqzuane

DheS3dla a a A1e_is
H_Ina iabt lu hPDLen use and
then
to he hypotenure
ano
Side oF tha othes A '
equL
Oe So1d t 2Conquent
tna APs
to equal sidle ae qual
Analea PP
Si dea qualanqle Ose equal
PP
Eachanqleo aneq uilatexal Ale isGoo
Side CPP t o axqex_ Ongle D x
onq e x s i d e is \aaqea
Ble PP to
Sum aSdee is Staict4 qate thanh 3 side
The0xem
Taianale lbeq ualu

is So°
Sum c althree anq le: o a
tsiah le
Lina axa pata llel to a c h oha
Lin2 Patalleltoa 4xen
AB D ano bB 11P tæn

>DeL P-
then t h e etonqle
t h e side o a taiangle ispaoduced,
pDduced iseual totha sum o 2 2htesios DPangle

Eteni cx Anale Theaxem ofaA

f two inaiteacect eoch cthex 3 thenvestically oppos te angl


aae equa

transve3al Dtesce cttuo paxalle-uhe


a
anglep Oxe2qual
coser pondin
alteanate int Obd 2xt:analeo ae qual
oe-
he trancv@xsal
ang le on he Some 1
de o
hteaio
SupPlenen taay

Lm2ox Paiz Bxiom

line,then the Sum c a_adjaeen


ton de on
a

f a O
and vice versa
anqle sO fosme o1S 1So
CLASS
TRIANGal ES
XPOINTS OndFoRMULAK

Basi aoposiunalit Thearem CPT) Thal Thacreo

aDre dxawnparallel to ohe Side o f a taiangle tnIhtexcet


theOTher uD Side i dishnctpoin e othe uo s1es O e

divicled in he Same a b o

ain drides any tunSides o atTianale i n thSpma xoto,

thenthelina. ipasalle to he hind sade

DAA Simal.axits A Simal anity

i n a Ale coseepanding onle axe equolthen haix coateopond.


n S1dee e in he Same aatio and hen.ce the twe A e a e
nqle
Simlax

SsS Sm1lanit

in 2 Ale Sides ot one A oe P3opOtionalthe Sides o t the

otha A than h e s - c o s n e fondihganglae a equal and hehce

the tuD A Simalo

SnS Sinlanit4

tsiangleiaqual to oe anqle o tha cthar


ona Onqle af
taian qle and t h a sicle beluding thas anqleOa frapoxtional,
then the a_A ae simlo
Heas ot a Simsla sianales

ide
Side
altoa
albtu da naleisecox
onale icecto
Peametesc Similar ianqle
Peaimetex e ABRL side
Pesmatez Df APQR Side

Kapexpendclox isdrsawrn fom the vestex et the


ofaaiqhtanqled iancqle, o the hupotenuce
oht ongle
On both S) de tah tongle
of he
taianqle ard to ech
pependicular, age Cimlay to he utole
othat
y thaqoxaR heonen

In a iqht ianqle the Suaxe o the


the Su o tha
Squo&e D theOes
bYPotenuce 1S equal to
wo Sid e
Medion
Ac 2DBB

Dlteen do)

Cnvatahols)
Add to bo:t
s ides
find LCM
>Recpsocal
AE 5BB

Midpoint heoem and Convese o


MidpeintTheorem Pa 2
Coordinate Gaasme.tu
POINTS ORELALL

Ploneiscolled coteian 0z
coCsdinate plane
ne OseCalledCossd1nate oxe
=ax1s
hex12D ntol axis
ais. Nasical o v i
S - -elemeht abcissa
lanent ordinate
Cateian plana is dix ded intn yquadzante
nte axe ctDen axe S
Called oiqn OD0))
starce opOn om ar cooxdinoke
Dstenceo point om a3ii Lcoosdinate
(b,D) the tomoofany POinOn -as

1 the
9amOF anPoi On axs

CLASSXPoINTS andFORMUL

Distance Foamula

OR

Sechon 0aoula

m Tm
M
MidpoiaB omula

PCy)
Ahea 0ta tanqe

axCAPgQr
Centaoid Fomula

Centxoid

Othocen tae Meetng point ot alttuda


Centsoidd Meetinq point o medians
n equilateaal anales madians Ox2 oHbrtudeo
Hpoints axeolineax then axA) O

Taianale Ineq ualtTheoxem Pa 4)-


ncan tre. Maeting point o intesn.albisectoT oan ongle
CizLumetntxe Maehrq point of L bisectorc_ot sidee of o

A BC e CD AD Ae = BD
Square
Rhombur De B O* PD PC BD
Rectanle AR CD B B b=BD
Parallelcqàam B BD BB
ntaosluetion to Tiqonomatn
CL ASS X POINTSaral_roRMULAS

aigonOmety

meAn thxee
qho means ide
meLs mRans eapuTeR_

igonametaic Rotos

Sn OADste side Cosec O hpatenice


h ypotenuse o PpositR side

os a d a s e n t side Sece hpotenure


hpotenuce a aceht side
tan e AASteSida cot -adjaegnt iola
Odj dcent Side PPOSte Side

gonomethicCofuncton

cosec
CoR c

C o s i.

seco Ces
-tan cot o
Coto tano

O n mu ltip ying cofunetionswith och other w e q t 1


Sih6 X cOsecO Sbn x
unctions
sqonometai
Special Cal

tan Sihe
coSD Cocec

Cot ces 6 X cosece


seeG

30 S

COs

N D
tan

Cosec N . 2

ot N-D 3

N D

Ratioc
gon ometae Complaen tay

Sin_ 0 -0 Cs
cose a0°-) sac6
s a0 -) =cosac

tanCaoo0)* ats Cot 0 -) tanb

1gon Drne ts1 ldenther

Geco ton'6 =
V
sin c
Basie ld en trbec
Seco tan
eoceo cet o

sin 29 sosec co-funeth'ons


tan et 9
Mulplying
cos 3 See 3

sin San
cese

coo) -ceco)Ctco)

Comp lementaxy
Supplementany-

Cote cece cocec


tano
-coce tang- seco

Sin N+co t o
I t tano
saeo
+tars t s

tano-
secta-
ODto
tana Sina
-Sine cose
Ccset-
Loto

-sino cose secce


cots
N1-cos ton
secs ee
Lttan Ltsetie
ceto
seco tos9
-sin
tone tcot'e
Cese tane sec-
simo -ceste
and siqht anqled atC
COs

SinBincteaues 0m 0 L

CoS 6 decxea ceg m -0


tare
JnceaRe Om
cot olecree som D
Seco In CRORe m 1-0
coseco ceceaReefaom

tan :tan 2 ten3 tcan $s t a n ga


tan tan tan 3 Cot3 cat a cot
tan t a n Sq L
tan tan 9 =

tan Lah, 39 cot gq


tan 2= tan 8 Cot S3

Negative tosiive

n 9 Co e
Lcoso-Sino)
Bddand Su btse ct lab to make iolat riee

man man + 3mo


) sin E 3s n G
DELTA#1.0
CLASS 9th & 10th

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