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The document discusses various numerical methods for solving systems of equations, including the Newton-Raphson method, Gaussian elimination, and Jacobi method. It provides examples and formulas for each method, along with explanations of concepts such as eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Additionally, it touches on polynomial interpolation and least squares fitting techniques.
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Save Linear Algebra and Numerical methods Solved Questi... For Later Q
Potform Wwus, itevaions of Me, Newlon- Raphson
Wehod Wo solve we, System of equahons
IR+ MY+ Y? =F, X3447= GS
ey initial approximahon QS Mr = 1-5 and qo FOS
Be 4 Neivlon-Raphson mefrod,
Xn = Xa - J 'CXn)F(X9) ;
J= lh of Duy 2g +e
Perce
OR fb 2 e
rae oa 3x ag?
Xn = als Flm)= [xyty -#
Gn x34 pg
sgh o>. IS OS
ae
aS) 6-0-7967] 6 di QeF
| i ia a
CAs
OS,
ot
4,
a 8 s( (0963 S -yboh IMPs
Go (ox Ra 1 3-45I0 a I: hayf o-S6A
= may
0: 1645.
15] (0093) oe 15 foo 388
ie (033) 7 [RASS O28
ieee
0.9934.Q2
Use Gaussian elininahon mettiod bo Solve,
le, -Q7,4 X3 =18, -3G~ GAXS= 8M — 413% = 18
Avgmunkeel RIN Ne a pre
“say "3g
eae Ses S
RDRy > Pl OS 02s 3-75
oo ah
eet! 3 (3,
[ee OG: 3°75
0 W-OS YAS ARS
O -0°S 2-F5 425
RD Ry+3Ri =
ee? RyRy
R93 R,-5Rs Dl 05 Ovs #45
poet ot
0 05 0-75 F235
Ro Rg D]I 0S G25 345
O -0'5 Q45 425
Oa Oma (hax
Rie) Rhos => |I -05 0.25 375
R39 Rs/_q 0 eo ok (o>)
oO O Nees FS
7 oe
Sat ee
Xi = 3 #5 +0-54q -0:25%3= 2a3
Use Jaco pits molod fo solve, 6%, -2%+%X =I1
Tit Q2)-$X3=-1 (XV AIX 4 AL3 = S!
fom eg, %i= IH0%-% (7X iS an Me
6 (anger Coell in 10)
from CGD, T= Statr-ary (oy, (5 hawing hhe
7 Aeeuges Cov anu.
from C4) X53 = 14Xit, Geatior @ ond
n O Yo Ve |} Me
R\= lap QO wp] %] tT) 4% -€)
x3 Vis Hs (o) ||| 263 Vx
Let [i x, ty We
oe lea 2 ome (eam 5/72
X 3 X> I/§
subshiuang 10 @), 1 jtoation
ds
XG 2.03% |, m4 ifombon 2 Xt) (2-084
Xa f =] 11804 ef =|1-053
13 6 8523 %3) (108
WV iloreinon 01) Coceys) Z"ioawon [+] (ani
x =) J 001k X = 5-403
23 | O%Q X3 |-Oolh
3 from Ine Nextation values,
X1 FR
AQ z/
x3 21oO
Omer!
| a) find fi Pseudo imerse 6 A
for Mae mahix A= 2 |
b) fiad as manic norms HAM, oe, Ile
A a) Peoude inven, Saw T a
At=]2 1 0
Bo-l
eae oli ie ©. Se ais
Ob O cil MialeOnlpen fon 10
(. Su
B!=)0-7H -O-Ha8
TOHE 03571
BAT Jo-tim ose] [2 | O
O-Hae 0-35Hi|]|3 0 -I
= [o-thas 0-4. O-hges| _ 4?
Oe = -0-4Q8 0.354
D) marx. norms All, and |All.
& Al, = max = |ail- Maré 3,4f = 4
JEJEN
Allo = rox [| = Ox fs, | 2SQ.
n
Use mulkiple Ainwas Suqvesson Fit of Ine fon
Y atx + C% for He following dea :
A2| 0 o|2 |2
[pier]
oll ula:
a otepator 5[0[s|-0] 0
a) compule Ws. coefficients a,A andl Avy si
Last squeve bechnigues
4) How do you comple: it c3ing Moore perrose meter
XTolo ez iey
als
& Feast Squc, moMocl,
PmEA ENE ACA
8310 | 0 OURONIGMO | f)
Is}]o]}! 0 Olisl o
I9| |[o|t Alolo
loft} FI tt frofiol s
lis [2 [oly Olaal of eo 1
S|o|2{o/ 4/6
One Olan stots
sl2iil[k{i |iols| 2
|-1o[ ! eee -lo|o! 3
TO) |ple| eal ale lea iR@n| Cs |e
oops |
“gate $0
i a Saphexr tC Zt
ZY = Nat bEx4 (ZI =O
San, = ex to 2X74 CEH OY)
ASQ th DW xt G2x;—G)
ZYXa =O => B22100+ Ut INC
© 251 = 90+ B64 4c
@ => [0 =lla4 Wt 2IC
Solving, a= 1d0t = 2d-424
A=- vost he Pb
He
= ofa =-4: 4444
Ra
4) By Moore -Penvase. Inverse, merherl .
GR AAMX +CLq
The given data can Ae wHilen as ,
ay 100 q
IS fee Oval le
19 0 [:
10 eatin
[S78 | ae lee ae ©) Re
Si 102
© fee pes
5 Miao
-10 9-3
O (iar
A B
A=BxX
BIB X=B'A
x Chen
Yow (7a) B= BT 5 Moovw- -penvose
Inverse ov
Peeuclo inverse.Q:7-
r 2
Tae oe | ip 5) |OUMES 0-21 -0-lMh
(B a) q d (6 ‘) yo 0-014 0-021
iT
lI q 21 FOG 0.02) OMhly
-I
(6%) pT = at
[sat Gor yar 18d 59 32, -Gq v3! jer 104
2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 200 000
el fed 2 NEE 10nd 847 56e 607 87 |
Joo Toco Joe00 10000 “Sa00 RS ood 00 [0000 Tan]
abs ech) IE Bs Ss eT No ae 2
W5 1850 1000 SD BDO 626 S000 2500 SOCO “SMO
Xe BTA =] 220% FE Done using
NW 4A wiebsile,
“VAS mawixaalc sore
Use Crauss-Seicle! Me ted after piiohing it squid
bo Solve Wao Following 8X14 GX; a 7
Pr HY; $9G =R —
XL) = APRN; =-4--6)
The given qquabers in mabix form is not
clint dominant
from @ X= &-%4%3 _@)
3
fom @) Xa = FXAING -®8
ZF
From (3) X3 = 2 -2x FA -©
| '
x, 6 -Ve Vegi} x
n=] % © || 2] +|*
%3\ |%q Iq of] iq@4
>
I iterakon :-
in ®, %=%,=0 =P2X= I
in @, X, G70 FU -0:4h3
Mi), %6; 27, 20-FH3 Ys =[-03) F
TT iletabon
in @,Xg2O-Fb3, %y 2 (60317 DX = [10394
in OX = WOH, 1,2 097 DIy= [-O1bF
10 Or Xz OM HElOIy HOGA OWI
ML ieiahon
In @, LH) OFF, Lz = 0-F8E SY, = 0.9964
in ©, % OAM, Ny = 0/1895, = 0-464
in ©, 170-4464, ¥,=09 67 =D, = 1 C0/!
TZ ierahon
IN @ Xa OFT, Hy = [1 OO! DH =/:0006
in B, X= [-0006,% = 1:00 > % =/:0004
in ©, D1 = 10006, X= 0004 =P Ly = 0-4998
SUHt, N=! BH r
a) Define ‘diagoralgahion of a mahi’ Give rutssar
and subhcient condihon for agonadigeabsity ofa Wanx,
4) Dieegoncuiyg ae abies A.[E =6 2] | Be |! ]
6 F | & [RJ
Qa ais}
a) A Sq ucoe muhrs A is bp Lo aagoralivable.
or nonabectve iF Muon exissan Investsble matrix.
Pp anda Alagoa mahix D such Wat p'pp=aD
OY Az PPP chew Pand P ate rot unigue-
Ts nuepuyand Subhrion condihon foy’amann.
Anxa to fe dia (sable 1S Wiel Mae mabix. Must
haue n Linas Indepenctent clgen Vectors .
Mw P= [Xi ky Ko] 1 x = Eigen Vector-4) A=[8 -6 2|,lAATIK-' 9-4 -6 2 =o
= Cle taar?y -6 7A t
eee Q -h 3A
> 6) [@ (3A) +14] EG oo
3 [ou = 1h 4d]
Z G-A)] 21-3 _pathelo] + [BA- 156] +
Ro+4A]
> —At+@A~F7A 4160-0
Ay = 18:03h26 ,Ay = 9-483 40-470
Ay > 2-463 — 2.472]
The ergenvechrs axe,
UV, =P-1aasa], 0. [08833-0993 7
1 bhPh a 11ST
!
U, = 0-163 + 0-443) (a
0: 393% +E MHSII
I
Eigen veehns aoe not indlpondent , tenia A Cannot
Ae dha
B= [: 4 , [B-Azl=0
oe) Erie Nees |e:
ke SlFe
A -2A-320
Are -!
A= 3for AzI
(A-AT) K=O
j [Ree HDX, AQ=O
eS Xai Xr = -A
sire, aera |!
1 EM, DK; [!
for 4-3
(A-AD)X 70
=) 2X, =2X
= ws -
a S [ile X= Xy
ie fx} X=", Xe Hl
X |
eigen Vechrs ae. inclypenctont
Diagonabiged Manin D= " ‘BP
who P= en
me EDN] [05 2s]
ee a i
rd
0-5 -0-
0-5 0;
Bg
anSs
QI
Criven We. Foo points (1,0), (2/16) (B,-a) Ev)
WwriFe Ww Cubie 17 Lacrengian form tat (assess
Mnvough mom -
By (Cubic. Lagrangian form,
Y= Lofot L.Gi tha, ths 4s
Lo = (xx) Cx- x) (1-4) Cra) 2-9 009)
Ho WO %a)(lo-%3)_ (144) (13) (149)
Ly = Q-Xe) (X=%a) (X94) (1) (y-3) (09)
(2,70) Oa cy (4-8) Cederad ea! i
La = (2% OK) 03) Cy - Cx ta) (et)
Or) -X1) 047%) B=1) (343) B+)
by = Cee) (x) Oe) (1) Ga) (1-3)
(ICP) 0-2) Ct) (E142) (1-3)
Y =OLbo+ IbL, + “2La + 13
= ee ees een et
=/Si ho
(G3 = 72 -SL46)X!
8
Y = - 0.441693 4+ P85X*4 O44 FX 2:35
Valves of a funchon at differnt points ase given
in feo. follocuing kable -
X |20 | 25 |1-30 [1-35 [rho] 1-45 | 1-s0 |
PCx) 0-1603]0-231|0 ah 0-200) [0-395 |03216|0-4055
Eskmate. (1-37) and P(0-77) & {
inorpolakng Nei OS ed ledLet FOO? 9G -atbx+oR
Zy-nas bextczx2 —O
Zyx-asxt bsxr4c2x3 —D
Syreastrbart cox" —G)
[x [4 [at [3] "Tua [ot
VQ ]0-1623} J-41e4 |): 728 2-073 lO-enb4 0.2605]
IQS [D231] [-56251]-453 1.434 0 -OF |0-395
13 DRGH 67 }0-197}2-5561 10:3411 (0-f43h|
15 35 |0:3001 [8225 124601332 |0-LyosilO-sho4
IH 10:3%8)-46 R-F44] 3-841 [o-4411)0-6545]
J HS |6.3716)1025 13-048 |} 4,2010-538|0-7812
IS” |0-F,055} 22 10-6063] 0-11.23
& (FHS [2.0815]
O 2-08 15 = 7049-4564 1d S29ST.
OAD 2-638 = VASAt I. e95bt 17-505C
® > 3-953 = 10-824S5A4 [F-15056 + QM OIRC
SOWING > Q = [2076
A= CAG
C= -0:02 46F
POD =Y = -[.Q0#6 + |'HIOW X4+ —0-0246FL2
F(o-4A)= —h 2076+ |-440h (0-77) + “baste
= ~O'dd3hOok
pea. “Hoh (1°34)4 C002 464)x
PUI-34) = -|.2076-¢ J-A40h ( pe
= 0-3IK4
S—_——Qia| Find Me Loast square Line Wak Fite the, Following cea
assuming Mab x-valies che Free. from erroy.
Se RSs Pe | S16
5:04 | Bld |l0-64 [818 [16-20f20-04
Yemxate
2S g-mMzEx1nC-D
Sry =MEx*tc5x-Q
D> F3°M=M KM FOC
@ P30716 = BAM HANC
Solving /
M25 9bF
Cr -& 451
DY 0°892 = Gt gr-Y*
EQ
Aly) = si wie
ge)
Taking Liseetion mettoc| in hee inkerve [4,6]-Jo)-oj]
FI0)= 0-108, Fol) = -0.20455,4 =-o05
Flgi) = -0-06908Q:
dae 28-09 = -0:098 ; FIGa) = 0-0134
Ces
be ~O:025-0:05 . -0.0375 FIYs)=-0.008¢3
Dh > ~0:098 -0-02883 ~~ o,0.26915 5 Flgy) =0:0073
2
Us = -0.0375-0.026115 — 0.0308 1 F(45)=-0-011
@
Gp= —0:Q26US -0.0322 . —9.0245; FlYe)= ~O00195
5
Gp = -0/0295- 0.26415 = -0 102693 ; PIY) = 0-002661
»)
Yy == 0:02823-0-0295 - _parpey: flee)= 0 000475
=)
. for 2=0:892 , 4% 2002886
Tn Swclics of Solem-cheges Colechion by Focosing a
field of Plane mirrors ona cenhal colby, Yon! al
(let4¢) Abines an egeiabon for Jue geomebical
conenhalon Fachy C
c- AlnltosaRr
0-54D°(1+5inA -0-S(6A)
whee Aismx vim angle, of he held, rs we
fra hona coors of Mur Goel cuith minors , D is
We camel of collector ancl hss We, heiqne
of Ino Collechy -Find A jf h= 300, C<1200, Fog
D=Iy.
C= A (B0°/tos) (08) = 200
0-5 FMR ([+Si0A -0-5 cos A)
2 1200 X 0-SX1yXIh Vos
Btox300X0-S ~~ ISinA-O-SCSA
yhd |
Bo ~ Cosh (14SI0N-0.5(05A)_
(038A (tt SI0A- 0-5 105A) = se = OG RANE
1
Let (osA =X => SinA= VirostA = iq
Y=) 2H O38 -0-5x) = 0-6 02H4 B98
PO) x2 (14 [0X - 05x) — 0 6ldWHBIS= O
Let Ma. Intotual oF considwiahon Ae x € [a,b]
=(/0-4)
Flo) = -0: 610244848 , Fl0-D) = 0:186 32
By Bisechion Memtocl,
X= e4FO OHS, FOU) = —0:244h
4 “OSKOHS. 0.695; FG) = -0'043)6
23 > 0bIS+O4 =0.7875, Fl%s)> 0.18593
oe o-76ts +08 FS - 0.9315, Flta)= 0.04/71
X5 = 0615+ OFS _ 9.703105, FAS) =0-0598
ao persone. 0.661, Flt) = 0.04302
I = O6F14+0:64S =0.682, Pl%z) = 0034
XG = ne = 06785, FlIe) = 0-030]
od
Xq = 0:645540695 - 0.6364 , Pl%) = 0.0094
2Alb
Jo = OOF 4069S - 064585 F(Xu)= 0:026%
RQ
NEO 6498S = (OSA
> Az (os'(0°64555)= 447
Lee and Duthy (1776) selafe fhe hichon Fuchy For
Plow of a suspension oF fibrous promicles ho Me.
Reynolels numbet Ay Mis empiriced egacthon ;
t= [ee (REVF) + ( In-F6)
qh mor swlahon , Fis te Richon facby, RE 1s Hee
Remelds number, and k is a consiant deternuned
ne Lomenabon Of fut Suspension «For a
bg
Suspension WWI 0.03% Contenhahon , K= 0.2%
cohad 15 Me value OF £ if RE- 37507
> ae - CZ)" (REE + (ages )
Let t= 1
ie 14 -5:6
ey =D X= Ee) sn(6)+(( St)
Subsphubsrg me knevn Vallucd
oc = 3/541 [bn (3450) -fnx| —6
x= 003-3895 -3:57/ 40K}
je id= Lt S94 llole) 233845 = O
(2) = It 3:52)
x
By Newlorn Rephsoo Methael,
Noe = Xn — AX)
FG)Any In — Lot 35 HAN) —03-38FS,
4 357
min
Let ini valut 0-5,
pre) > 21916336, PLS) =f 740
Xi = SF 126336 = [3708
| FHO
FOI) = 0264 M(t) = [0806
Ky = 1Q:3F084 Q02BF = 13-452
| G76
F(ta)= -0.0267, Fila) = 1560
Ny = 19-WO2TOOUE _ 134664
[2560
F013) = -0,00560F ; F'(%3) =/:955 685073
Hy = 13-oH+ 000860 3, @708
15255685073
Xs = 13°94066 SHQ
furs 2% 13.4 7086542 = yp
= Pe L, = 0:005)23 3240S
oe eS
Matlhivastiate tae fiadls a funthon of more Wan
one independinr Variable «Suppose Wet 2 1's a
funchon of om x and Y Finel ma normal equahons
bo Fé
Z> OXd byte
and men use Me following cletta ho Ft Yue. Ls plane.lo Men.
x0 [re [21 [sh [yo [4-2 [ 56 [Ss [e-4
¥ | 0 | 5/60 0-5 |S+I [32 |I3 |F-4 [loa
Ie [ra [34 [4644 [2H [F%2 |l3 [3-5 [1-3 |an
ea eke 2 OR y2
10. | Ofte | 0 Oo
12 [005 | 34 |I-hey Z|
[2:1 ]6-0 |Web |y-Al WI
BH 105 14-4 |ihs6 AAS
HOlS1/Q-4| [6 | 12-2H
Wr |3-2|7-2 |l4-bh 2304]
5-613 | tes fyae sa
5-8 | Fh 13-5 139-64 25-4
6-4 [10-2 |h3 [yao 13.26)
[33:2 [Bip 2 [38-6 [163.66 f2sien[in3a 77-24] 2-08]
2 FAxdby4e
S2= Asx tb2y44+Ne —O
Z2X=ASsrt+heryt cax—@)
B24 -dsry+ h2y*+czq—@)
OD > 38-6 = 33-204 2HQb4 IC
© > [44:24 = 163: 664+ 164 32H+33-2C
@ \ 72-08 = 169-324 F 233 Hb 434 AC.
Solving, a £0 852,A = -1 Uh, C= [0398
D> Za 2-$5224 (1-44 + | 0348
Find Me easy Sucve value For Yue pareimelens
of y-ae™ by thing me dala (ihe solubiihes
of A-hukane 1n aniystos tat Fuori. acid
a} fugh pressusas andl wuxe Bocl in design oF
pono) m pefinewes) Io baw stelahon ,
nly) afnla+ bxG20)
Slecbilihy We: Yo |
2-4
Tempera (°F:
givens yae?™
> snap bo (ae*) = An@)+ ln(e?”)
=> Inly)= Dnla) +t
=lnlq) = nynta+ 2% —O
S yinly) = Mnla) soc +hox*—6)
fw x Temperatve(*)
¥ > Solubility (7)
Solving, Pnla)=oo# —DA=F'674
A= ~0: 000218
ye F644 P02 oS
Let is suspected Chom Muorihtal considisions) Mat
Mm vate aan Flow KOM a frehose is iene! 0
Some power OF Presse cu Me nbs atic. Po Mme
Pollecuing dala tonfim nw speceahon? chat 5 Wo.
Atast ‘sqpee valuo oF fue exporunt (Assume pesscce clala@.21
Cue more. accuvare) :
[ Flow, galfons een minute | |x [iv#|180[240
[ Presscute +5: 10 1/6 ]25 [ho | 60
iven, Q= kp” -k > constant , (Flo, P-Pressiwie
> Lnla)= Leb nlp)
= On) = ndn(k)4+N Zone) se 2
= dnp)inla) =An(w estate) + n2.(bnl D) -Q)
Dente) | SrC@) | onto) fn):
2:3025|4 543 | 5-30! |10-60
he stas |b 7706] 9-684 [13:22 |
8:2 168 |4:940} |10:3606 | 5 O6f
3-688 |519 4 | (3°60) | (4-14
-09h3 |5-43804| 16-760 [2d O18
& (16-076) | 2h BH
© S2n-3h = 5a + (6.07614
@= $i:l66 = 16-0764 53'H34
Solving, A= 3 4O2F
= lnk = 3-025
Kk = @3"05 — 30:034
A 0: A924 =n
> O-KP” => a= 30-038I()° 4"
In shdies of gooltabon-indutecl polymeuzabon,
a soune oF Gammeivacys (was O 1 do give
moasueted oF actliabon Odie obo’
vostiod UWA posthon in fre appestans , culm Ma
Following Figuss eng secovcledl ,paren O los 10 [rs To.0]3-0] 3-5 ho
Dosage, [0% adr] }-90 [9-34 [2.711 2-49 3-20 [7.20 [2-47 10-7
For some season, tue sucacling ing ab 0% in. was not
Hopovkecl » but me value at o95 75 needlecl » ft
inten id ere oF Veosooes ak Mant cd
data ho ran foo. missing (Mformaboan Coheyt dey
Mink ie ho. os} eshte for Me dosage Aol by
0:5 in?
Linas inetpo laning polynomial C hegre, 0
Ge = oats
cet ES
(x- Xr X= Yo.
ie Ye Ga Gm Si
Let Cte, Yo) = @,3:9), (Xu Yn) = (3:39)
Ne “2 Site o-3) BQ
at X= ao bis os.) a)-32
Quciohahe inkesipala hing polynomial G Degree 2)
Y= Loot Ys + La 4a
Lo = oes (4) = @ 33)
z ee G4) =G)32)
“Game —_ Cae) = B'5,.2:98)
Ms (2
(Oe -%) (1a)Ab XQ
Y= | 0664 +3.9—0:993 = 3-043
Cubic, intenpolahog polqnomiaa) ¢ Deqree 3)
Yr Loot L Yt LaYa ths 43
Lo = (t-x1) Cx-Xa)(t-X3) VoYo)= 1-50-49)
(Xo 1) (G-%) O0-%) @ @ ( s
Li = (x-%) (4-4) 3) (3,9:) (2,3'2)
(xo) (11-2) (44-43) = (3,32
La = (x46) (xe £1) (1-%3) (arya) ( Z
(6 -%0) (%-%r) 0%) (3/43) (35,0)
Ly = 0t-%e) (X-%) (1-0)
OG -2e) HOU) C3)
OF X=Q5,
Ge -O/4466F A 0d 113334 F 02-13 334 — 0-4 1667
= 3.04834
Au best eshmale iS given by Mme Cubic Polynomial
OF fnlerpolahon acttutak. Uplo decimals: