Linux Basic Training
Tarun Kumar Ericsson 19/07/2022
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 1 of 4
What will you learn today
✓ Introduction
✓ Various distributions of linux
✓ Getting started with linux
✓ Basic commands
✓ Talk about user and groups permissions
✓ File system types
✓ File and directory permissions
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 2 of 4
Introduction
Linux is a family of free and open-source operating systems based on
the Linux kernel. Operating systems based on Linux are known as Linux
distributions.
Distributions:
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 3 of 4
Basic Commands
who: This will display information about who is logged on.
ls: This cmd used for list the files and folders.
pwd: This cmd print the working directory.
cd: This cmd used for change directory.
man, help & info: They will provide you manual for the given command.
uname: This cmd provide you system information.
cat and more: It is used to list the contents of a file on the standard
output.
cp: It is used for copy files and directories to other location.
mv: This cmd used for files and folders move and rename.
mkdir: It is used for make new directories.
rmdir: It is used for delete a directory.
rm: This is used to delete directories and with the contents.
touch: It is used for create new empty file.
grep: This is used for search text in given file.
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 4 of 4
nano and vi: These cmd know as a text editor. It is used to edit a file.
sudo: sudo stands for SuperUser DO and is used to access restricted files and
operations.
df: It is used to see disk space usage.
du: This cmd used for check how much space a file or a directory takes.
head, tail & less: These cmd used for view content like cat but in different way.
yum: It is allowed to user and system admin to easily install, update, list,
remove or search packages on a system.
history: It is used to view the previously executed command.
hostname: It is used to view hostname of system.
lsblk and blkid: These cmd used for disk block devices and uuid of disk.
kill: It is used to terminate process manually.
systemctl: It is a utility which is responsible for examining and controlling the
systemd system and service manager.
ps and top: It is used to list the currently running process and their PID.
free: It is used to output a summary of RAM usage.
wget: It is used to non-interactive download files from web.
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 5 of 4
About User and Groups
Read, Write, & Execute Permissions
Permissions are the “rights” to act on a file or directory. The basic rights are read,
write, and execute.
Read: A readable permission allows the contents of the file to be viewed. A read
permission on a directory allows you to list the contents of a directory.
Write: A write permission on a file allows you to modify the contents of that
file. For a directory, the write permission allows you to edit the contents of a
directory.
Execute: The executable permission allows you to run the file and execute a
program or script. For a directory, the execute permission allows you to change
to a different directory and make it your current working directory. Users
usually have a default group, but they may belong to several additional groups.
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 27184 Jul 22 11:38 installed_pkg_list2.txt (for a file)
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Jul 22 11:33 demo (for a directory)
User profile
Exp: tarun:x:1001:1001:This is test user:/home/tarun:/bin/bash
[username]:[x]:[UID]:[GID]:[Comment]:[Home directory]:[Default shell]
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 6 of 4
How to create, delete and modify User:
useradd (username)
useradd –m (username) –m is for create a home dir like /home/(username)
userdel (username)
passwd (username)
usermod (options) (username)
cat /etc/passwd (To see user profile information)
How to create, delete and modify group:
groupadd (groupname)
groupdel (groupname)
groupmod (options) (groupname)
cat /etc/group (To see groups and their ids)
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 7 of 4
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 8 of 4
File and directory permissions
Read = 4 u = user/owner
Write = 2 g = group
Execute = 1 o = other
No permission = 0 a = all
| EATRMKU Tarun Kumar I | 2022-07-19 | Ericsson Internal | Page 9 of 4
Thank You
