BMATE201 – Module 3 – Laplace Transform
3.1 Laplace Transform of elementary functions
Definition:
Let be a real valued function defined for .
Laplace transform of is given by .
Laplace transform of some standard functions:
1. 5.
2. 6.
3. 7.
8.
4.
Proof:
1.
2.
1
3.
4.
If is a positive integer, And hence
5.
6.
7.
8.
2
Laplace transform of elementary functions:
1. Find the Laplace transform of
2. Find the Laplace transform of
3. Find the Laplace transform of
4. Find the Laplace transform of
5. Find the Laplace transform of
6. Find the Laplace transform of
3
7. Find the Laplace transform of
8. Find the Laplace transform of
9. If then find
4
10. If then find
5
3.2 Properties of Laplace Transforms
Property 1: and
1. Find Laplace transform of
2. Find Laplace transform of
3. Find Laplace transform of
4. Find the Laplace transform of
6
Property 2:
5. Find the Laplace transform of
6. Find the Laplace transform of
7. Find the Laplace transform of
8. Find the Laplace transform of
7
Property 3:
9. Find the Laplace transform of
10. Find the Laplace transform of
11. Find the Laplace transform of
8
12. Find the Laplace transform of
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3.3 Laplace transform of periodic functions
Definition:
A function is said to be periodic if
Example:
Laplace transform of periodic function:
If is a periodic function of period T,
Note:
Problems:
1. Find the Laplace transform of the periodic function defined by
2. If and find
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3. Find the Laplace transform of
4. A periodic function of period is defined by
Find
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5. For a periodic function of period 4 defined by
find
6. If , , Then show that
Proof:
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Note:
7. A periodic function of period is defined by
Prove that , where and are constants.
Proof:
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3.4 Laplace transform of unit step function
Introduction:
Unit step function: Unit step function of Heaviside function is given by
Application:
(1) If then
(2) If then
Laplace transform of unit step function:
Important results:
1. Find the Laplace transform of
2. Find the Laplace transform of
3. Find the Laplace transform of
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4. Find the Laplace transform of
5. Find the Laplace transform of
6. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace
transform:
7. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace
transform:
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8. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace
transform:
9. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace
transform:
10. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace
transform:
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11. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace
transform:
sin2 + ]
12. Express the following in terms of unit step function and hence find the Laplace
transform:
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3.6 Solution of Linear Differential Equations
Introduction:
Laplace Transform of the derivatives:
Working rule:
Express the given differential equation using and
Take Laplace transform on both sides.
Apply Laplace transform of the derivatives formula.
Substitute the initial conditions.
Obtain as a function of
Obtain using inverse Laplace transform.
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1. Solve the initial value problem
by using Laplace transforms.
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put
Put
Put
Equating terms,
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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2. Solve the equation , given that .
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put
Put ,
Equating terms,
Equating terms,
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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3. Solve the equation , given that .
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put and ,
[By partial fraction]
Taking the inverse Laplace transforms,
This is the required solution.
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4. Solve the IVP , given that by
using Laplace transform.
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put
, By partial fractions
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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5. Using the Laplace transform method, Solve the initial value problem,
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put
[By partial fractions]
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
.
This is the required solution.
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6. Solve the equation with , using
Laplace
transform.
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put and ,
, [By partial fractions]
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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7. Solve the equation given that .
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put
[By partial
fraction
Taking inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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8. Solve the IVP, , , using the
Laplace transforms.
Taking Laplace transform,
Put
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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9. Solve , under the conditions .
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put
------ (1)
Taking and respectively,
These give
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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10. Solve the initial value problem , with the conditions
.
Taking the Laplace transform,
Put
[By partial fractions]
Taking the inverse Laplace transform,
This is the required solution.
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11. Solve the equation under the conditions
Given equation is
Taking the Laplace transform of the given equation, we obtain
Using the given conditions, this becomes
using the partial
fraction
Taking the inverse Laplace transform of this, we obtain
This is the required solution.
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3.7 Convolution Theorem
If and then .
1. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate
Let
Then
And 1
By convolution theorem,
Therefore,
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2. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate
Let
Then
And
By convolution theorem,
Therefore,
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3. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate
Let
Then
And
By convolution theorem,
Therefore,
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4. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate
Let
Then
And
By convolution theorem,
Therefore,
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5. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate
Let
Then
And
By convolution theorem,
Therefore,
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6. By employing convolution theorem, evaluate
Let
Then
And
By convolution theorem,
Therefore,
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