Pai Passo 0 ~~ Assignnent-4 fy 99656001 0080 Va auUnicorTn is mythi cal-thon it is immortals but if iE is not enytiical, the» it tg a mosbal mammal Te the Univonn ig either (rnmortal oY a Mane, then Ht ts howned-The unicorn magical ik it fs horned ») T Analyse StoueMercs ) Th © union ig muthicat pthen it ts irarnortet lek denotes Mm: Union [s mythical R= unicorn is framortal 2) Th ik is mot mythical then it © a mottal mami NM: nicom is mot mythiaad | meme UNicotn ts &@ Mortal Mammal Mo MM | 3) Fk the unicorn is either teramortal or & mos thon ik is horned | He unicorn iS horned Ryeam oH ) The unicorn is enagical if G: Unicorn 8 erage! Ho 4D prove that UNierN D Muynical (0: TH the Unicon is not mythical, | mw be a motat mammal: This leads to it berg horned & magica / usntiacting it being non ~mytval The Unicom is mythie! Yer vt ts. homed Scanned with CamScanner/ , Mogi cal (GY Sine the untoorn ts rutnicel, ..N AO temmnerbal whide means tt must be hid AS a horned - Creature Tt is magical N 9 Horned (HD) conclurtvely, Wne unicsmn 's on ythual & immortal .it kolows that thy unicorn homed a) Dssevtion State ment a * AL pereon sho is Radicorte) i elestable (£) 1 f and ony i; thoy are Unruryvative (c)- Ey alot’ veprexntodi ons YI@rHec Th-urtvec this doenot match original Hatemeng DRS (eed) epirect” 3) R= CcesPyae) Tnesvvect ; ris doerate Capture bicondlibion relatinly properly : &) Hern om evaluation AL Worn Cause has ora tve Likeralty no of —ve-one tC) Notion hsrn fern 2 Not in town tom (is bteonattional) 3 Can ve in hora form usith two ienplicating ee aa ae Summary CeaBreREY ep revere Hern fre “id given © CChpod > pares Covinks parey)) > ( fp ring A B) Vat dity, cotistabilly or unsatishyabi [8 par) False > © Scanned with CamScannerA Bey Pag. peta ley } fm Party Focetneacty| rh ay | | x aot [Tt IF r FT elt lek pF | F le |p a T on al | v T ar Tr FIP iS | a, F T [| 7T rfe]F F T T Tye Te F | tT | 7 ey * Wee See that the Jat Staternent CLeP tc fobs in many eases Conclusion: The Statement is Satisfrable [put not Valid) pecausethese are ways ib can be true, tbl it can abo be false &) Convert +0 ENF Ctonjuctive normal For) |. Legt de: be ee poxty = N\foodv Party Dra > partys NOrias Y feds Co, lebt Ade beconnes ; (NFood v party) v (naciniay pasty) = Nod VDA” psf vitae ade bed“ partys Ny [eed 2 Drinte) Vpaty ine) 7 (Foods NDtAw) = i toed v9 DENS V pA Beth Kdes of main ira plication iene by rod ) ~ Food yee Drinks Magers Gare CNF = c) prove by youn ution Scanned with CamScanner») Negotiate gratement ‘ Ni CChpod> party) ¥ C panes “7 Pasty)? (peed pores) Thc simplifies tor lake stele (1) ts true and Right cide (ey © fab? Dust CNE Lt) food v party AN ais v party Reght: ) food v DIAG NV iparty z ioe y ‘athe lept, we gee neither foe? nor Avion uasorgee a pasty meaning, we con SEU poke Cars uohere party ts pose The Sentence és Satisfaction but Not vod (@ Knowledge pare= & parson infjont of Cr? Brake * yeltovs Light police an N ippery) => Brake ¥ Police cov = Polce man 3 Gnow => FPP # Red ligne 7 Brake + Loinber=> gNoOw Sens observertions + elloww light = ‘true ved dignt lye L evyon ingore off cave False _ Analysts of the observatlone Scanned with CamScannerDet oF aX i i ’ Stace. there ‘b ae a oe o policeman 2) Cheek ik tts Aippech, : : aa there is no show, Th canna be lipped pply yelavant rules Yellow light “Wue Policeman 2 true Not Slippery * “Trae » We ghould Brake “The Cov should apply the brake foe couse Conditions with the yoko ight & poleceman ® Evaluation of yratements a) False|=Ttrue 7 Correct = Toxic anything impes tree 3 b) True [= False ») we [ Tue Aoesnot ionply febe Tacorrect= 5 aD can® |= Sk 2.6 ANG doesnot neccesart Ly mean AgBare Tncervect = eguivalert a) A &® /> Nave Thiserect = This oloesnoe hold tn all cores: Tf A-6 for % & is alo false then NAVE ts twe H Eds cl= (A%Oy (BPO Corrects TH ANB tmp Les then Octleayt One “) Po oo & wt leodlec : IVCNARND = (OPO NCB? O 9 oe This valence hol ols true the left soe pepremes either C ov boty AGS being palrerwhile 4 idht side state thot Of Aor is true ruxt be true Scanned with CamScannerD) @vD) AC~(vV ~pv O)\F CAVD . Corveds AYR ts explicitly stated in “the express @v) AWC vee? HYD ® (xv DVO heath oS Trcoirect = The lefst Giale dloeatt quorwntes fH cw OVE ) fY®) nN OCAR?B) is Satisfiable Correct = This expression Can be satssfied EH BSW ACPA) S gotiefiabe Covet = This can be satisfied, i De GeTrue | D@eHec dritource. when © Total . which 1, Proposition FYB, C,D 620 oe etter true) | or Fabe (Tha give total of Dusle combtnaby jy 2) BvCe “K This exprerrston fs true tb ertn # This only Case where this t& are False . # Dh bac ove both habe , A&P Con be(T/A) ths Ove Der Ur Cormbirnati? > ‘Model of Gye = “Total model whee CH farel@ ‘be NAVE VMs © [6 ease ») b) ae ; xe Expression > true Otleat{ one ofs ARCD &s Lobe “~~ The oly, Gr where this is false & wher all & = by are VANCVRD=e Tot ed —mool - \ ok NAV NQVNC Ss mo! a ees Rie) be’ a A er RaooC is tree fave hen both Re ~ Scanned with CamScannerA-7 BD KANRMRACAD AD if, A ws true Dic true Rul we nave f>Tre B alse & Cannet be Lalse ~ Models of feo RANK BAC AD © Models eaawe of Contraclich'sn from Noth crealtls AS tree, ® Truth table: Smoke as © Fire og F Heat a, H a) Smokes Smoke Conotea | emoke tonchxien } Serve. Inve T 7 T e s ( & Conclrrion = valid (Always Troe) ¥) moked Five ) Srrste | Five | Crustee? bie = T TT | e F Ap LT e\ ¢ LowWusions Neither (Tt cen be true / False) é) CaMPKe= five) > (Smoke = hive) $ [Fl $24 ns\ nel sane] Gsp)s(asony) Tic\| +r FE F sia Tp TIE) e& JF |r vT FIT | we la |e F FL F loa r F F\e¢ Tr J. Concwions vatid Scanned with CamScannerr a) Gmoke v Five ¥ i eyveynr | 2) Comore heat) > vere” Ceernotes a five) VC Mat? be p | G@eniane lis F| Saft] sneae soe] Hoe SE | gna oe? | = ; a Tir] e | fy 7 ais | 1 F\ T r - - a a | el eee aw | 2 a | oT FE T F T a: oe F Pe | To) + | “+ + = ; F e|r |F - us e F _ TT LT e T Y/R ro\r e ft fy TY Fe F Conc on 2 Valid Scanned with CamScannerVaria = ; vo) a oe a (cov) 2D P ~ ev > cen ayeve”? now cer uA) nn > Cone vBYED OCA B Ne ey ESP 3: CAFS vb neve a2 ev ePLVee Vo& ? ca. wor {Ss ee o Narr TOBY C. Scanned with CamScannerge The Knowledge pase doer ental WV xpe) Chow ts we mest give a model where plark Pe ; de J yuh but Vv cacp om) ts False Consider ony nods an & demain eal where ak b ind veerned to fist 2 elemed & the velaher P holds only f+ 2 elernenf Jems sentence Fry %3¥ & vatio Dt es vous f ifit es Crue in every model edn exctersaHly quantified sentence fe true én urhidh i vavete ave artianed tp adomair alemens accordingly tne Standard cemantres of Fol as gen ye Cha peer &y the logical sentence “There vexwt exactly om ovjer Such that it ws @ UEnticore ca peaves yeRureme in ang uunld where this sentenes true, there is exactly ene objet (the unicem) tl Sabshe the oconditiso ¢ (We ut ux the stenplest Counting method: {Qnoring yeduttant combinations y He consteuct Surnbols there are Spl arse amen each predicak ok arity Kf mapped trto a gany veletin, Subset of artky kK ts mapped into & le -elemet tuples encluaking the savisibe elomet there B ptt chor bee each Valve; So there qelor) ” kuncttons tha total Number of powible Corbi nation » ge 3 2”) (4 a) Scanned with CamScanner: ce PS morseiller are botnin Fre? i) To (Paris ry Marceilles, fron? - u Syntoticaty inve® 5 oo) ; acs ecUery i ) Th (Paris, Franc ) v ta coves opr Lid best doesn Od Lone) Senden cea axseillers h BEA @) via (™ x 7€4 Pp Ta(has bmn wd bot doernst * p oo 1 Eater Ca! yar J orcles peith Sentences u b 2 > | is @ our yerbeS s rakity) Opes — Co) => (Border (cr Bvoq) ® Rovdler(aPH#) ew nt 2 entences SH Ok Valid but doewt Kpresses s | (Border (cr *¥ Cc, patisto) oD (4 Border (ct aag)n Border : | ” cae ie but olowsrPt expras Sentences iv) Je Border County O, Sun tack cay tavar x countries thot Bovder in Gouth fm é ; ve Country (2) \ Lovder Cy Eecuadls) =p Ir(ctow S acti CM valid but Goestot- epics Sentence ye iraq A Paki yo we Scanned with CamScannersD 4 country(o afinaer(oteuded to (oS Covvectly exprerses cone scd}a totes C Ue my Clout © ” Corder ene expres the syn Eact catty vatid but co Sentences A paristas) i) Fc oder Ceount (), Boy Syntacticatty inveli | 1 ( OL a) No veaen in south Pmerica Rovers ~My yesion in Europe . oA NPaecata CeS®) Nin Cap Buxope) " Bovcless (¢ sy i) te exprecs Sentence? . ee) i \ 4 a Cin (6 SADA 10 (a, Buope))> Mer | vomcectty expresses sentence oto oA) ! Sa) eo Cia CSD > 3d told, G0? syntactically tavald cole Je) po 2 adjacent countyies have Some MAP ve ip wy my country (0 Ve cOoumry cg) ~Boder (ary) Ceapcolorlx) = MOP cooly) Correctly express Sentences | L}tq - Spar ayy Ceountry GON country Op Borders (aynors) iG So (map lov) = prapoolerCy)) s\ conectly expressa Sentene! A qi) ony country Gon country Cy)" Barctocr > © Map Color lOS map Color y» Cfrrtaeti calry valed but doenot express Selena Dray Ccourcry lon CounsruCyy n RovderCryamaP iS Golov Canny) Syrtacticay invalid: Scanned with CamScannerce Teo Luckey to trom premise Show that on cuss fl lOO w a : face af horse ts an anil b se howes ore animal” ollous from U2 4) @) Vv xy (x24) (8) Ty¥e (22D a(A) Translate to "For every nok: 7 is Some other natural aumber that is om of than oy equu te it? (P) Fanslate *? " Theve is a P fo we want to try © prove via ovo Latran that Ly enowusledge (A) entails (8: TO do this we See? post to com’ st of (AD and neq on of ® asbah we will calt (BE try to derive a corti adtction ai o a canwert (AD CED to corer J ae is Involve Moweng th i ard 2 @ Quark fox both Senderna, care church Scanned with CamScannerSkelen + uneton (r)22 Cer pep7d 49 . morn mols a) Horses rcows, PF a pice (YP mrommoals? alse cows (oy mann pigs) 7 mammals b) okgspring °% a howe 4 &) Blue beard 1S rice (Bue beard a) Bue bearol is a Chore parent parent (Blue beard, chos i ©} obf sprig & porent are inverse reactions ofjspring (a9) > power yD porent (4) 2 PAE spring Co? Ww 4) every Mammal Nas a parse mammal tx) > parert (QOD used to shed i) gq. This ts 4 fem ok tngerenc® | 2 oxtycot les syliogars could not @zptwe au sound inter ference MD) d)-Tranwake Promise & coneurion trite Eo langrog of fst order lo gc Aah orse(a) 7 ANiMaAlOD howe a howse Scanned with CamScannerjl ann Mosely rn head of (hae ly AN sé _ “4 Cr tn pn wervSe % r j Ce wy foro & 5) Neate thy concluiens on Lead {c . negated usndunsn into SO vad A. ~ Hote (1 VAnimab B. Horse (@) Hee | len cortras' C. Head of (Hr) read of he gico oo exe href nima((Y)~ : 2K ae a >) entails ) od An eae co prove thot ( eer Ss "enowlel9p eee a a on a (A) uuahicn pail co AR) wed BAs Fro (A) entails cy 7 ext)" vers Bs, Coverenks ON tale ca Hee cocesrtt foro? Groen 3 ps CHIUMANJ AT everan excel b) Ps vecvouid uterc ater of, le : J ahoks aes ext) ps Hage pilin ana! . LC Des ene ar estirnate (vatic both C Rene wy, statement i con trdartiated From origive) we Scanned with CamScanner4-4) n pair ot octorvuic gercenca , give-the | Sane eos ih te exis ent ayeneras unifies ib x) PCA) Ores A xlAr gl Be 2(6 5) acy GIA) aac D es ned) No anifyes (% cannot AEM . sata) €) older ( Father Cy D older ( Father(*” older A ylrorn, % 130" us (a) ad Knows (Ff othexCy-4) , Kno if occu chece No uni fe Coecaiise oe rather) orevens unification of Y Scanned with CamScanner