Discovering Computers 2016

Tools, Apps, Devices, and the Impact of Technology

Chapter 1
Introducing
Today’s
Technologies
Today’s Technology

• Because technology
changes, you must keep
up with the changes to
remain digitally literate
• Digital literacy involves
having a current
knowledge and
understanding of
computers, mobile
devices, the web, and
related technologies

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Pages 2 - 3 2
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-1
Computers

• A computer is an electronic device, operating

under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory

Accepts Produces
data Processing information
(input) (output)

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in whole or in part.
Computers

• Laptop
• Tablet
• Desktop
and All-in-One
• Server

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figures 1-2 – 1-5
Mobile and Game Devices

Smartphone

Digital camera

Portable and digital media player

E-book reader

Wearable device

Game device
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Pages 7 - 10 5
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figures 1-6 – 1-11 in whole or in part.
Data and Information

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-12 in whole or in part.
Data and Information

• A keyboard contains keys

you press to enter data
and instructions into a
computer or mobile
device

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7
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-13
Data and Information

• A pointing device is an
input device that allows a
user to control a small
symbol on the screen
called the pointer
• Some mobile devices and
computers enable you to
speak data instructions
using voice input and to
capture live full-motion
images using video input

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figures 1-14 – 1-15
Data and Information

• A scanner is a light-sensing input device that

converts printed text and images into a form the
computer can process

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-16
Data and Information

• An output device is any hardware component

that conveys information from a computer or
mobile device to one or more people
• A printer is an output device that produces text
and graphics on a physical medium, such as paper
or other material
– A 3-D printer can print solid objects, such as clothing,
prosthetics, eyewear, implants, toys, parts, prototypes,
and more
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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-17
Data and Information

• A display is an output device that visually conveys

text, graphics, and video information

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-18
Data and Information

• Speakers allow you to hear audio such as music,

voice, and other sounds
– Earbuds
– Headphones

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-19
Data and Information

Memory consists of electronic components that store

instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by
those instructions

A computer keeps data, instructions, and information on

storage media

A storage device records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items

to and from storage media

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Data and Information

Hard Disk Solid-State USB Flash Drive

Drive

Memory Card Optical Disc Cloud Storage

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figures 1-20 – 1-26
The Web

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer

networks that connects millions of businesses,
government agencies, educational institutions, and
individuals

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-27 in whole or in part.
The Web

The World Wide Web (or web, for short) is a global library of
information available to anyone connected to the Internet

The web consists of a worldwide collection of electronic

documents, each of which is called a webpage

A website is a collection of related webpages

A web server is a computer that delivers requested

webpages to your computer
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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-26
The Web

• A browser is software that enables users with an

Internet connection to access and view webpages
on a computer or mobile device

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• A search engine is software that finds websites,

webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other
information related to a specific topic

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• An online social network encourages members to

share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music,
and videos with other registered users

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-29 in whole or in part.
Digital Safety and Security

• It is important that users protect their computers

and mobile devices
Viruses and
Other Privacy
Malware

Health Environmental
Concerns Issues

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Digital Safety and Security

• Green computing involves reducing the electricity

consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

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in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• Software, also called a program, tells the

computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
System Software
• Operating system
• Tools

Applications

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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-30
in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• Installing a program is the process of setting up

the program to work with the computer, mobile
device, printer, and/or other hardware
• Once installed, you can run a program so that you
can interact with it
• You interact with a program through its user
interface

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in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• A software developer, sometimes called a developer

or programmer, is someone who develops programs
and apps or writes the instructions that direct the
computer or mobile device to process data into
information

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Figure 1-31 or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• In the course of a day, it is likely you use, or use

information generated by, one or more of these
communications technologies
Chat rooms Email Fax FTP GPS

Instant
Internet Newsgroups RSS Videoconference
messaging

Wireless Wireless
Voice mail VoIP Internet access messaging
points services

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• A communications device is hardware capable of

transferring items from computers and devices to
transmission media and vice versa

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-32
Communications and Networks

• Examples of wireless communications

technologies include:

Wi-Fi

Bluetooth

Cellular radio
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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• A network is a collection of computers and

devices connected together, often wirelessly, via
communications devices and transmission media

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or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-33