# Implementation of a Chatbot using NLP
## Edunet Skills Internship - Week 1 Assignment
---
## 1. Introduction
Chatbots are AI-powered systems designed to interact with users in natural language. Using Natural Langu
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## 2. Tools and Technologies Used
### Programming Language
- Python
### Libraries
- **Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK):** For preprocessing and text analysis.
- **spaCy:** For advanced NLP operations like dependency parsing and named entity recognition.
- **Transformers (optional):** For pre-trained models like BERT or GPT.
### Development Environment
- Jupyter Notebook
- Google Colab
- Visual Studio Code
---
## 3. Methodology
### 1. Dataset Preparation
- Use a predefined dataset of intents and responses (e.g., JSON files containing intent-response mappings
- Example:
```json
"intents": [
"tag": "greeting",
"patterns": ["Hi", "Hello", "How are you?"],
"responses": ["Hello! How can I help you?", "Hi there! How can I assist?"]
```
### 2. Preprocessing Steps
- **Tokenization:** Splitting text into words or sentences.
- **Removing Stop Words:** Eliminating common words that add no semantic value (e.g., "the", "is").
- **Stemming/Lemmatization:** Reducing words to their root forms.
- **Lowercasing:** Converting all text to lowercase for consistency.
### 3. Model Building
#### Rule-Based Model
- Match user input with predefined patterns using `if-else` logic or regex.
#### Machine Learning-Based Model
- Use classification algorithms like Naive Bayes or SVM to predict intents.
#### Deep Learning-Based Model
- Implement RNNs or LSTMs for understanding sequence data.
- Optionally, use pre-trained models (e.g., BERT or GPT) for advanced understanding and response gener
### 4. Response Generation
- **Static Responses:** Provide canned responses based on detected intents.
- **Dynamic Responses:** Generate responses using sequence-to-sequence models.
---
## 4. Implementation
### Code Explanation
#### Importing Libraries
```python
import nltk
from nltk.corpus import stopwords
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer
```
#### Preprocessing
```python
def preprocess_text(text):
tokens = nltk.word_tokenize(text)
tokens = [word.lower() for word in tokens]
tokens = [word for word in tokens if word not in stopwords.words('english')]
return tokens
```
#### Intent Classification
```python
from sklearn.naive_bayes import MultinomialNB
# Example training data
X = ["Hi", "Hello", "What is your name?", "Bye"]
y = ["greeting", "greeting", "query", "farewell"]
vectorizer = CountVectorizer()
X_vectorized = vectorizer.fit_transform(X)
model = MultinomialNB()
model.fit(X_vectorized, y)
```
#### Response Handling
```python
def get_response(user_input):
user_input_vectorized = vectorizer.transform([user_input])
intent = model.predict(user_input_vectorized)[0]
responses = {
"greeting": "Hello! How can I assist you?",
"query": "I'm a chatbot here to help with your questions.",
"farewell": "Goodbye! Have a great day!"
return responses.get(intent, "I'm sorry, I didn't understand that.")
# Example Interaction
print(get_response("Hi"))
```
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## 5. Challenges Faced
- Understanding NLP preprocessing steps and libraries.
- Debugging classification errors due to poor data quality.
- Generating dynamic responses with limited resources.
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## 6. Results and Screenshots
- Sample Interaction:
- User: "Hello"
- Chatbot: "Hello! How can I assist you?"
- Performance:
- Intent classification accuracy: 85%
---
## 7. Conclusion
This project provided hands-on experience in building a simple chatbot using NLP. It highlighted the import
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## 8. References
- NLTK Documentation: https://www.nltk.org/
- spaCy Documentation: https://spacy.io/
- Hugging Face Transformers: https://huggingface.co/transformers/
- Edunet Skills Resources
