CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Shaurya Pratap Singh of

class X–A has successfully completed his I.T.
Practical file under the guidance of Mr. Saurabh
Mishra.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to

my teacher who gave me the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful Practical File of “I.T.” , Who also helped me in
completing my Practical File. I came know about so many
new things I am really thankful to them. Secondly, I would
also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me
a lot in finalizing this Practical File within the limited time
frame.
 1- About Digital Documentation (Advanced) using
LibreOffice Writer.

Ans- LibreOffice Writer offers a variety of features and commands that

enable you to create an attractive and presentable document with a
consistent format. Further, such documents are easy to read, comprehend
and edit by one and all. Creating a big report with consistent format
becomes difficult when manual formatting is used. To avoid inconsistency
in formatting and reduce time and effort in formatting a document, we use
Styles in Writer by using– style formats, creating new styles, updating
styles, applying styles and using template to format the current document.
A document with pictures is always easier to understand than a text
document. Pictures have a visual appeal, as our brain responds quickly to
colours in comparison to any other form of information. In digital document,
a picture can be a drawing, chart, photo, logo, graph or single video frame.
LibreOffice Writer provides various tools to work with images.
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2-How can we apply any style to a text.

Solution:
For applying any styles, such as Paragraph, Character, Frame, Page, List,
Table follow the given steps.

Step 1. Select the text to be formatted. The selected text may be a

collection of characters, words, lines, paragraph, page, frame or table.
Step 2. To format the selected text, choose appropriate style by clicking
the button from the top of the Styles bar.
Step 3. A list of styles for that category appears. Double click on the
desired style to apply to the selected text.

3-What is Fill Format Style, how it can be applied.

Solution:
This method is useful when a same style is to be applied at many places
scattered in the document. Fill Format can be used to style scattered –
pages, frames, tables, lists, paragraphs or characters. Follow the steps
given below to use it.

Step 1. Open the document to be styled.

Step 2. Open the Styles window and select the desired style category and
then desired style from drop down list.
Step 3. Select Fill Format button.
Step 4. To apply the selected style, take the mouse pointer to desired
location and click. Do take care to apply style on appropriate type of
content.
Step 5. Repeat step 4 until all the changes have been made for that style
in the entire document.
Step 6. To quit Fill Format option, click the Fill Format button again or press
the Esc key.
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4-Vipin wants to Insert images in his document help him

for Inserting image using Insert Image option.

Solution:
LibreOffice Writer allows to work on images by providing various tools such
as using Insert Image dialog, using Drag and Drop option, using Cut, Copy
and Paste option and lastly by Linking.
A general procedure to insert an image using Insert Image dialog box, is as
follows.

Step 1. Open the document to insert an image in LibreOffice Writer.

Step 2. Place the cursor where you want to insert an image.
Step 3. Select and click on Insert > Image from menu bar.
Step 4. An Insert Image dialog box will open which will allow to choose the
picture file to be inserted.
Step 5. Select the file and click on Open button to insert an image in

document.

5-Rohan has created a report on Environmental Pollution

in LibreOffice Writer. Help him to add table of contents to
his document with the heading as Rohan’s Table of
Contents.

Solution:
To add Table of Contents, follow the steps given below.

Step 1. Open the document in LibreOffice Writer.

Step 2. Select Insert > Table of Contents and Index > Table of Contents,
Index or Bibliography. The Table of Contents, Index and Bibliography dialog
box will be displayed.
Step 3. In the Type the Titles text box, type Rohan’s Table of Contents.
Step 4. Click OK. The Table of Contents will be inserted in Rohan’s
document.
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6-Kapil want to create a document with predefined
formatting and want to save that document as Template
for future use help him to accomplish his task.

Solution:
Step 1. Open the document in LibreOffice Writer whose template is to be
created.
Step 2. From main menu bar, select File > Templates > Save. The Save As
Template dialog box will appear.
Step 3. Type the name of the new template (T1) in Template Name text
box.
Step 4. Select the category of the template being created. Some of the
categories that can be seen in the dialog box are My Templates, Business
Correspondence, Online Business Documents and Presentations.
Step 5. Click and select Set as default template checkbox to make the
current template as the default template.
Step 6. Click Save button to save the template. A template in Writer is
saved with an extension .ott.
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7-About Electronic Spreadsheet (Advanced) using

LibreOffice Calc.

Ans-In the modern digital world, one of the most important thing is counting
and calculations. In computers we can do the calculations on number of
records spread over the long sheet using the spreadsheet software that
helps to work with numbers efficiently. It becomes easy to visualise a huge
grid of numbers when represented using charts in electronic spreadsheet.
It includes – analysing data to extract useful information for making
effective decisions. Macros, is the another powerful feature of spreadsheet
covered in this unit. Macros are a set of stored functions used to automate
processes repeatedly. You can create multiple sheets and link the data in
multiple sheets. It can be done in two ways, one is creating reference to
other sheets by using keyboard and mouse, and other is by linking external
data.
LibreOffice Calc also provides the sharing feature that allows to share the
spreadsheet for editing purpose. This saves to keep track of multiple copies
of the same spreadsheet corrected by different users. Sharing allows the
users to work on the same spreadsheet in collaboration.
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8-What is the use of Data Consolidation? Write steps to

perform this action.

Solution:
Consolidate is a function used to combine information from multiple sheets
of the spreadsheet into one place to summarize the information. It is used
to view and compare variety of data in a single spreadsheet for identifying
trends and relationships.
Let us create the following sheets in a spreadsheet sales.
ABC_Branch XYZ_Branch
Item January February Chocolate Item January February Chocolate
2000 5000 Cookies 5000 2500 5000 2000 Cookies 7000 8000
Pastries 5000 3000 Cake 6000 Pastries 4000 1000 Cake 8000
3500 9000
Juice 4000 4500 Juice 7000 2000

Step 1. Add a new sheet and rename it as Consolidate

Step 2. Click on Data > Consolidate or use the keyboard shortcut key
ALT+D, the Consolidate dialog window will open
Step 3. In the Function box, choose Sum function from the drop down as
we want to add the data from all the sheets.
Step 4. Click in the Source data ranges box and then click on the
worksheet ABC_Branch and select the area to be consolidated and then
click on the Add button will add the copy reference in the consolidation
ranges.
Step 5. Click on the sheet XYZ_Branch and select the area to be
consolidated and then click on ADD will add the next consolidation range.
Step 6. Click on the ‘+’ sign next to Options in the Consolidate dialog
window to change the settings.
‘Consolidate by’ has two options Row labels and Column labels. Check row
label or column label or both if you want to consolidate it by matching the
label. If Link to source data is checked, then it will keep on updating the
data of the Consolidate sheet automatically if there is any change made
in the selected ranges.
Step 7. Click on ‘Copy result to’ and then click on any of the cell in the
consolidate sheet where you want to copy the final result after
consolidation.
Step 8. Click on OK button. It will display the Consolidate sheet with data
after consolidation.

Consolidated Sheet
Item January February
Chocolate 7000 7000
Cookies 12000 10500
Pastries 9000 4000
Cake 14000 12500
Juice 11000 6500

9-What is Goal Seek? Write steps to perform this action.

Solutions:

Goal Seek helps in finding out the input for the specific output. For example,
if you want to know the number of units produced to get the desired output
then use Goal seek analysis tool.
Follow the following steps after creating this data to use Goal seek tool to
change marks of S.St. from 30 to desired marks.
Step 1.Enter the values in the will
worksheet. Step 2. Write the AB
formula in the cell (B7) where the 1 Subject Marks 2 English 54 3 Hindi
calculation has to be used Step 3. 56 4 Maths 78 5 Science 80 6 S.St
Place the cursor in the formula cell 30
(B7), choose Tools > Goal Seek.
7 Total 268
Step 4. The Goal seek dialog window

appear, the Formula cell box will have the correct formula.
Step 5. Place the cursor on the Variable cell box and click on the cell (B6)
that contains the value to be changed.
Step 6. Enter the desired result in the Target value box.
Step 7. Click on OK button.
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10-What is Macro? How can we record macro for any

operation?

Solution:
A macro is a single instruction that executes a set of instructions. These set
of instructions can be a sequence of commands or keystrokes that can be
used for any number of times later. A sequence of actions such as
keystrokes and clicks can be recorded and then run as per the requirement.

Record a macro to apply the following style to the Heading “Data Analysis”
in the cell A1.
The font style should be “Times New Roman”
The font size should be “14”
The font colour should be “Blue”
Cells from A1 to G1 should be merged and centred.

Step 1. Create the spreadsheet. Write the heading “Data Analysis” in cell
A1. Step 2. Choose Tools > Macros > Record Macro. Perform the actions
mentioned in Assignment 2 in the spreadsheet.
Step 3. Click Stop Recording to stop the Macro Recorder.
Step 4. The Basic Macro dialog appears, in which you can save and run the
macro.
Step 5. A Standard library is present by default when a spreadsheet is
created and saved.
Step 6. To save the macro, first select the object where you want to save
the macro in the Save macro in list box. You can change the name of the
macro. Here, we have named the macro as FormatHeading.

Note: If all the macros will be given the same name then they will overwrite
the previous Macro created by that name.
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11-What is use of Hyperlink in LibreOffice Calc? Explain

with an example.

Solution:
Sometimes it is required to jump to a document stored at a different
location from within a document. It can be done by creating a hyperlink. It
is possible to jump from a sheet in the same spreadsheet, different
spreadsheet or a website by creating a hyperlink.

Suppose, you have to hyperlink a Result sheet of “Result-X-A” spreadsheet

document in the “Result-X-B” spreadsheet document, then follow the
following steps:

Step 1. Open the ResultX-B spreadsheet document.

Step 2. From the main menu, select and click on Insert > Hyperlink. An
Hyperlink dialog box will open.
Step 3. To insert the spreadsheet document, click on the Document on the
left pan of dialog box, then to select the spreadsheet document, click on
the button located after the Path. Select the required document. In our case
we select the spreadsheet document “Result-X-A”.
Step 4. Then click on the Target button to choose the sheet which is to be
hyperlinked. Target in Document helps to specifically choose a target in the
document such as sheet, tables, frames, images, headings and so on. Here
in our case we will select the sheet Result.
Step 5. Click on Apply and Close button to exit the Target Document
window. Step 6. Enter the text in the Text box to assign the hyperlink to
that text. In our case we have entered the text as “Result-X-A”. So the
hyperlink will be assigned to the text “Result-X-A”.
Step 7. Click on Apply and Close button to confirm the changes and exit the
Hyperlink dialog box.
Step 8. Observe that the hyperlink is assigned to the word “Result-X-A”.
Step 9. To open the hyperlinked sheet, press the Ctrl key and click on the
hyperlinked word “ResultX-A”, the sheet will be opened in the new window.

12-What is the use of sharing of Worksheet? How can we

share any worksheet in LibreOffice Calc? Write steps.

Solution:
In LibreOffice Calc, one spreadsheet can be used by more than one user at a
time by sharing it. A shared spreadsheet is a same sheet that can be
accessed by more than one user and can allow them to make changes
simultaneously on it. It saves the trouble of keeping track of multiple copies
of the same spreadsheet. Sharing allows working in collaboration so that
everyone can contribute, make changes and view it.
Sharing a spreadsheet is just like teamwork to work in collaboration with
other users. The following are the steps to share the spreadsheet.

Step 1. Open a new spreadsheet and save it with some name.

Step 2. Select and click on Tools > Share Spreadsheet from main menu
bar. This will open the Share Document dialog window which can be used to
enable or disable sharing option.
Step 3. Click on the checkbox “Share this spreadsheet with other users” to
share the spreadsheet and click on OK button. This will open the
confirmation dialog window to save the spreadsheet to activate the shared
mode.
Step 4. Click on Yes to continue.
Step 5. Once the spreadsheet is saved, the name of the spreadsheet in the
title bar will display (shared) along with the name of the spreadsheet.
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13- About Database Management System using
LibreOffice Base.

Ans- Databases and database systems are essential parts of our life. We
have been interacting with databases since a time. Recall the process of
looking for a word in a dictionary or finding the telephone number of a
friend from the telephone directory. With the advancement in ever
changing technology, computerized databases are being used to store,
manipulate, and manage the database. Today, we use databases in almost
all spheres of life. When we go to book railway tickets, to search for a book
in a library, to get the salary details, to get the balance amount after
withdrawal of money from the ATM and so on, this list can run into several
pages. Data being stored in databases can be of varied types like text,
images, audio and video. This data is then stored and/or processed so as to
get meaningful information. Data and
Information: Data: The raw facts constitutes data.The facts may be
related to any person,place,activity or things.It may be stored in the form of
text,graphics,audio or video.
Information: Information is the processed or organized form of data.If data
is not accurate, the information obtained by processing such data may not
be correct.
For example: marks obtained by students and their roll numbers is the
data,while the report card/sheet is the Information.

14-Ruhi has created database name Sports Day, now she

wants to create a table in Design view help her to fulfill
her task.

Solution:

Let us help Ruhi to create a table named Events using in the option Create
Table in Design view in the Sports Day database.
After clicking on Design view follow the following steps to do so.

Step 1. Type the first field name (EventId) in the Field Name column. Press
Tab key. The cursor moves to the second column i.e. Field Type.
Step 2. The Field Type column contains a list box. As you click on the down
arrow, it appears and we can select the desired data type from the list box.
Select the datatype (Varchar).
Step 3. Observe that certain properties appear in the Field Properties Pane
as the data type is selected. Some of the properties are Entry required,
Length, Default value, Format example.Set the desired properties for the
entered field. Step 4. Press Tab key to move to the next column. Add any
description if you want in the third column.
Step 5. Once the properties for the field are set, press Tab key to move to
next row. Selecting data type for field Fields entered using Creating Table in
Design View
Step 6. Enter the next field by repeating steps 1,2 and 3. Repeat the
process for adding all fields in the table.
Steps 7. After creating the table you need to save it on the disk. To save
the table click on the save button or follow menu option File > Save As.
Enter the name of table and click on OK button.

15-What do understand by Referential Integrity? Explain

with a suitable example.

Solution:
A relationship can help prevent data redundancy. It helps prevent missing
data by keeping deleted data from getting out of synch. This is called
referential integrity. We will study in detail about referential integrity later
in the chapter. Creating relationships between tables restricts the user from
entering invalid data in the referenced fields. Any updation in the master
table is automatically reflected in the transaction tables.
There are two tables in the database – Events and EventCategory with a
common field as CategoryID.
In Event table, EventID is the primary key and CategoryID is the foreign key.
In EventCategory table, CategoryID is the primary key. To set up
relationship between these tables follow the following steps.

Step 1. From main menu of LibreOffice Base, click on Tools > Relationship
Step 2. The Relationship Design screen will appear. In the middle of the
screen there is Add Tables dialog box. Both
the
tables are listed in the dialog box.
Step 3. In the Add Tables dialog box,
click Events table and then click Add
button. Similarly add EventCategory table
to the Relationship Area.
Step 4. Click Close button to close the
Add Tables dialog box. Observe that the
tables Events and EventCategory table added
to the Relationship Area along with all its field
list.

Step 5. As discussed before, CategoryID is the common field in the two

tables. Hence it will be used to set a relationship between the two tables.To
create a relation Add Tables dialog box in Relationship Design Screen
Events and EventCategory Tables added in Relationship Design window
Relationship between two tables between the two tables, we just have to
drag the common field CategoryID from the Events table and drop it in
EventCategory table.A line connecting both the tables with the common
field (CategoryID) appears.

16-Explain Form with a suitable example. Write steps

using wizard.

Solution:
A form is an object of the database that has a user friendly interface where
data can be entered and seen in an attractive and easy-to-read format. For
any database, it is the front end for data entry and data modification.
Creating a Form Using a Wizard is the simplest way to create a form. To
explain how to create a form using a wizard, we will get back to the Sports
Day database created in the previous chapters. To create a form using
wizard, follow the following steps.
Step 1. Open the Sports Day database created in LibreOffice, and click the
Form icon on the Database Pane. Click the option Use Wizard to Create
Form… on the Tasks Pane.
Step 2. The step 1 of the wizard is to select the tables or queries for which
the form has to be created. As we are creating a form for Events table,
select Events table from “Tables and queries” list box.
Step 3. After selecting the Events table, all the fields of the Events table
will be listed in the Available Fields list box.
Step 4. As we require all the fields to appear in the Form, shift all the fields
of Event table from Available Fields list box to Fields in the Form list box
using >> button. Observe that, all the fields are shifted to Fields in the
Form list box. Click on Next button to move forward.
Step 5. The second step consists of setting up a subform, i.e. a form within
a form. You need to check the checkbox “Add Subform” to add the
subform. Since we do not want to set up any subform, click Next button to
proceed further.
Step 6. The wizard skips the next two steps that relate to the subform and
moves on to step 5. This step arrange controls i.e. to set up the design of
the form. Observe that, by default, all controls will be left aligned. Four
layouts are given in this step of the wizard to choose from:
• Columnar display with Labels on the left of the field value
• Columnar display with Labels on top of the field value
• Display as datasheet
• Block display with labels on top

Let us select Columnar Display with labels on the left arrangement.Also note
that as we choose the Layout type, the fields are arranged in the Form
Design view also.
Step 7. Click Next button.
Step 8. The step 6 of the wizard asks whether the form will be used for
displaying data, entering data or both. As we go with the default settings, so
we click Next button.
Step 9. The next step is to apply styles to the form being created.
Step 10. Click Next button.
Step 11. The next step is to set the name of the form. Say EventsForm.
Click Modify the form option.
Step 12. Click Finish button.

17-Write steps for Adding a calendar for the date field.

Solution:
Adding a calendar for the date field While filling up a form on a computer,
mostly a calendar is displayed. This is because it is easy to choose a date
rather than typing it. To add the calendar to the date field in the form,
follow the steps given below:
Step 1. Place the mouse pointer over the Date text box and press
Ctrl+Click to select it.
Step 2. Right click and select Control Properties option.
Step 3. In the Properties:Date Field dialog box,scroll down for Date Format
property,Bydefault,Standard format will be displayed
Step 4.Click to open the list box and select Standard format.
Step 5. Scroll down further till you find the DropDown property. By default
its value will be No. Select Yes.
Step 6. Close the dialog box. The selected date control text box on the form
changes to a list box with an arrow being displayed in the extreme right as.

18-Define Report. Write steps to create a report.

Solution:
A report is another useful feature of a database management system. We
have seen that the records that have been extracted using a query are
displayed in a simple row and column format. Instead, using a report we
can present the retrieved data in an attractive and customized manner. We
can create a report based on a table or a query or both.

Let us create a report using the table Events from the Sports Day database.
Follow the following steps to create a report.
Step 1. In the LibreOffice Base User Interface, click on the Reports icon in
the Database Pane.
Step 2. From the Tasks Pane, click Use Wizard to Create Report option.
Step 3. The Report wizard along with two other windows will be
displayed.One of the window is Report Builder window and the other is Add
Field dialog box. We will confine our study to the wizard.
Step 4. The first step of wizard is to select the table and the corresponding
fields that we want to display in our report. From the Tables or Queries list
box, select the table Events.
Step 5. All the fields of the Events table will be listed in the Available Fields
list box. Click >> button to shift all the fields to Fields in report list box.
Step 6. Click on the Next button. The next step is to label the fields.
Step 7. Click on the Next button.
Step 8. The fourth step is to set the Sort options. If the data to be displayed
in the report has to be sorted in either ascending or descending order of a
particular field, specify the field and sorting order in this step.
Step 9. Click on the Next button to move on to the next step in which the
layout of the report will be selected.
Step 10. Out of various Layout options given, choose the desired layout,
say Tabular and also the layout of headers and footers (Default). You may
also choose the orientation option Landscape or Portrait in this step.
Step 11. Click on the Next button to move to last step. Type the name of
the report as EventsReport.
Step 12. Click on Finish button to display the report .