tAT[HtfffrtE

SHOF TRAIHIHG
JOB GUIDTS

LESSON
15
Replacing
Facr? Balance
Staffs

350- 359
Sections

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this page intentionally left blank
 'NASTER WATCHilAKIHG Leson | 5
A ttlodern, Camglele, Procticol Courrc
Sections
CHICAGO SCHOOT OF I,YATCH'I'IAI(IHG 350 b 359
Founded l9O8 by Thorncr 3. Sweozey

REPIACING FACTORY BALANCE STAFFS

SEC.350*The Balonce Stoff to make repairs) when it would have been much
easier to do the work properly in the first place,
The balance staff is sometimes referred to as
without danger of placin g t}:.e wateh in such
the balanee arbor. trt is usually made of tem-
pered steel. The tralanee wheel is attached to condition that it could not run or be timed
properly until practically rebuilt by a master
the balance staff and the pivots of the staff
watehmaker. Over a period of years there have
rotate in the balance jewel assemblies previ-
been a great many attempts made to prevent
ously described.
poor quality watch repairing. Sorne states have
Replacing a balance staff properly, together
licensing laws which are set up to proteet the
with the truing and poising of the balanee
public against these pracfices. I{owever, the
wheel, affords an opportunity for the watch-
one way to be eertain that the public is ade-
maker to demonstrate his ability as a master
quately protected is by properly educating the
workman. It is in this part of the watch that
watchmaker to make repairs comectly. The
the unskilied workman most often delights in
educator can only show the student the cor-
giving horrible examples of "botchwork."
rect procedure. The student rnust praetice
While you may come in contact with some of
until he is proficient: and at this time let rne
the "botchmaker's" art at other points-such
remind you again that proficieney can only be
as attempting to spliee a mainspring in the
aecomplished by praetice. Do not attempt to
center-it is in and around the balance and
make repairs on watches other than those you
balance staff that sueh a person seems to delight
have for practice work. It is surprising what
in showing the improper methods of making
Iiberties some people will take with another
repairs. In a great many instances, these errors
person's v,atch rather than admit, even to them-
have been rnade by using material that did not
selves, that they do not know how to eorrect a
fit. Perhaps an attempt wa"s made to substitute
very minor defect.
another make of balance staff. If the staff was
?his lesson is difficult, not because the work
too long or too short the balance cock was bent
is hard to understand but because to do balance
up or dowt:. If the hub of the staff was too small
staff work properly, yotr will also require in-
for the balance, soft solder was used to fill in
struction in truing and poising the balance. If
the gap. If the hole in the roller appeared to
a faetory balance staff has a pivot that requires
be too large for the balance staff it was reme- polishing or needs to be redueed slightly in
died by using glue or cement to hold the roller
diarneter, it must be done on a watchmaker's
in plaee. If the eollet shouider was too small
Iathe. There are times when the collet shoulder,
the collet was pinched together, throwing the
balance shoulder, or roller table post require
hairspring out of true and giving a poor holding
slight alterations, and these also require a
for the eollet. If the hole in the jewels appeared
watchmaker's lathe to complete properly. The
to be too small the pivot was ground or filed by purpose of this lesson is to teach you to replace
hand until it entered the jewel hole. If the
a staff etr'en though you have not had the in-
hairspring was too strong for the balance it was
struction on lathe work. You mtrst understand
weighted down with an excess of washers or this part of staff replacement in order to under-
soft solder. These examples are not supposi- stand when and how to make alterations with
tions, but are aetual cases as well as many other
a lathe. This lesson is eomparable to learning:
examples of what an ingenious "botchmaker"
the letters of the alphabet. After you have
will do (when compelled to figure out a method rnastered the alphabet you learn to combine
these letters with each other to form simple
Lesson15 MASTER
WATCHMAKING Sectbns 351-352

words. Then as your education advanees your ance and exarnining the pivots and jewels with
vocabulary increases and you can read or write a double loupe can the watchmaker make a
with ease words which would be difficult il it fair and intelligent estimate.
were not for the proper proeedure used to teach
you the elementary principles of reading and SEC.352-Removing HairsPring
writing. 1, Remove the balance with hairspring from
SfC. 351-Typ€s of Bolcnce Stuffs the watch
2. Remove hairspring
Genuine factory staffs are, as a rule, accurately
The hairspring is attached to the balance by
made and easily replaced. When we refer to
means of a eollet, The collet is * small eircular
any piece of watch material as being genuine
we mean it was made by the factory which split brass collar into which the inner end of the
made the watr,h originally for the particular hairspring is pinned. The hole through the een-
ter of the collet is enough smaller in diameter
model of watch in whieh it is being placed-
Any other material, although it would fit than the collet shoulder on the staff that it will
properly, is referred to as imitation material. hold securely when forced into place, usually
Use genuine material whenever posible. Take with a staking punch.
your tinne. Remember the pivots on balance
staffs are only two to three times as thick as
a human hair and being made of ternpered steel
can be broken easily.
The dimensions of balance staffs vary for
different models even in the same eize and make
of movement. One of the older American fac-
tories, now out of business, had eight models all
of the same size, each using a balance staff of
different dimensious. This is usually due ta a fi g. l 5-l
change or refinement in the model. For this Figure 15-1 illustrates the method of using
rea$on it ie well for the beginner to note the two screwdrivers to remove the hairspring and
general types of balance staffs used in the dif- collet. However, this method is dangerous as a
ferent rnakes and sizes of watches whieh he slip of the screwdriver may eause irreparable
handlee, Some hubs you will observe are thicker damage to the hairspring. Figure L5-2 illus-
than others or are cut on a different angle- On trates the method used in removing the collet
still others the eotrlet shoulders may vary in by means of a small tool whieh can be made
diameter for the same models or different from a piece of mainspring. The arrow at A
models of the same size. fn selecting a replace- represents the twist given the tool in order to
ment for a broken staff you must be able to spread the coIIet
judge which partieular number of an assort- enough to release
ment is the one required. The final proof of the tension, and
your eorrect seleetion is if all parts fit properly the arrow at B de- Fis. l5-2
and when replaced in the watch, there is the scribes the turning
correct amount of sideshake and endshake, of the collet
When a watch comes to you for repairs it around the sollet
should always be tested to see if the balance shoulder, Ll the
staff is broken. Grasp the arm of the balance same time pulling
wheel with tweezers and endeavor to move it slowly upward.
from side to side as in testing for sideshake. If The balance is
the lower end of the staff can be moved from held between the
side to side and also up and down, the chanees thumb and middle
are that the lower pivot is broken althoush it finger. Ieft hand
may act in much the same manner if the lower while the risht
jewel is broken. The same test is used for the hand manipulates
upper pivot. Often when a watch reeeives a the tool. If the tool
jar or a fall hard enough to break the balance should slip, it
ntaff, gne or mors sf the balancejewels may would not be in
be brokea also, so do not rely on such a $uper- position to damage
ficial exanrination. Only by removing the bal- the hairspring.
Figure 15-3 illus-
Sectbns353-354 fv{ASTER
WATCHMAKING Lesson15

[J r: r:
| | l''*'l l'*l
by the same method. Howet'er, the impulse
roller will loosen first and will move up against
the safety roller. Another lig:ht tap will loosen
the safety roller, after which both rollers may

llt{rr t/ t/
be removed.

Fig. t5-3 SEC. 354-Removing fhe Sclonce Stsff

l( 11 Vil Many watchmakers make a praetice of driving

LJil tJIJ t]J

l. -?2
HAIRSPRINC
.5 J6 .35
R€MOVING TOO-S
-t5
out the balance staff without undercutting. This
is done by placing the hub of the balance in a
hole large enough to receive it without binding
},ATERIAL * - MAINSP RINGS in the die plate of the staking tool, and after
APPROXIMATE DIMENSIONS IN MM. centering, punching it out with a pivot punch.
trates the dimensions of three of these tools This is poor practiee and the work of inefficient
which ean be made from pieces of mainsprings, workmen, for sinee the staff is made of tem-
the thickness of rrhieh is given. As a mainspring pered steel and the upper edge of the balance
is made from tempered steel, it is best to grind shoulder is riveted over the arm of the balance,
the material with a small grinding wheel or an this method has a tendency ta enlarge the hole
oilstone. in the &rrn. In time the arm will be bent to such
an extent that it rrill be difficult to true.
SEC.353-nernoving the Roller Tsble For all practical purposes, a balance staff
In the lesson on setting roller jewels, the three can be removed from the wheel using a balanee
'were de-
most common types of roller tables staff remover; however, the best method re-
scribed. There are many types of roiler re- quires the use of the watchma.ker'g lathe, It
movers on the rnarket, but the Rex roller re- will be beneficial to the student if we explain
mover described hereafter will do the iob in this method now and to demonstrate its value.
most cases. Figure L5-4 illustrates the proce- Figure 15-5 illustrates a balance staff with
dure. The roller remover is placed in the die the roller removed
plate of the staking tool or on a bench block. but still riveted to the
Holding the knurled edge of the roller remover balance wheel. The
between the thumb and forefinger, open the staf,f in turn is held in
jaws of the tool by means of the small handle at
a lathe chuck, the
A. Place the inverted balance over the jaws of latter not illustrated.
the roller remover with the arm of the balance The staff, which is
through the opening of the jaws. Carefully solid black, shows
tighten the jaws until the roller table is in the
that portion whieh is
position shown. Place the pivot punch, which is
left after part of the
furnished with the tool, over the pivot and tap
hub has been cut
lightty with a brass hammer. This will loosen
a,way^ The dotted
the roller table enough to be removed with the
lines indieate the bub
tweezers. Two piece rollers may be removed
before it was eut
r5-5 awzy. Notiee that it
has been eut below
the balance ghoulder
which is indicated bY
the dotted line, As
you c&n see, this
.'--
FIOIIER TABLE
leaves a very thin rim
OP€NIIIC FOR tr
over the balance arm.
Figure 15*6 illus-
trates the method
used to remove the
remainintl metal. The
graver is sharPened
tfr a long point and
the cut is started at
Lerroa 15 IA^ASTER
WATCHMAXING Section 35{

the base of the previous eut- The irstant the

cutting edge of the graver reaches the balance
arm the remaining metal will separate from
the staff in the form of a small ring. The wheel
can be ready removed oyer the roller post. As
soon as the student has access to a watchmaker's
lathe, he should use this method, as it is without
a doubt tbe safest.
Figure t5-7 illusfrates a staff remover which
is used in conjunetion with a staking tool. Re-
move staff as follows:
1- Select a hole in the die plate of the staking
tool large enough to adrnit the hub of the
staff. Make certain the hub does not fit too
tlghfly; it must have a little side play.
2. Center hole selected with center punch-
3. Plaee balauce and staff over hole in die
plate.
4- Place staff remoyer over the arms of the
balance and slip punch oyer upper end of
balance staff.
5. Tighten knurled nut so that the balance
arrn n'ill be held securely in place.
6. Strike puneh A sharply with a brass ham-
mer until ttre slight gap at C is closed- The
staff will now be free of the balance arm.
7. Belease nut and rernove staff remover.
T'he old staff should fall through the staking
block- The methods deseribed pertain to the
removal of balanee staffs which have a rivet-
ed edge to hold the balance wheel securely
in place-
The most common type of friction staff is
'Waltham
used in some models of watehes. It
is quickly recoglrizable by the supposed hub of
the balanee staff which, if blue, is not part of
the balanee staff ; moreover, the staff is a fric-
tion staff- The blued hub is rivefud to the ar-m
of the balance wheel and the staff is removed
as in figure 15-8. It is an easy matter to remove
the old staff and replace it without disturbing
the touth or poise of the balanee wheel.
1- Select hole in die plate, whieh will support
the blue hub, yet one which is large enough to
perurit the friction staff to fall through. ST,AFF-r-
2. Center hole and lock die plate in plaee.
3- $eleet pivot or cone shape punch and place
over staff.
4. A few slight tapS with a brass hammer will
tlrive the staff out.
Another type of friction balance staff is found
in the 992 Elinvar I{amilton watch, Figure 15-9
illushates this staff which, when assembled,
looks similar to the one piece 16s double rolier
staff- Therefore, a groove, A, figure 15-9, has Fig, l5-9
been added as a mark of identification. The
Sections 355-856 MASTER
WATCHMAKING Lesson15
procedureusedin removingthis type of balance ible and stoneoff the rivet with an oilstoneslip.
staff is the same as the procedureused in re- This wili in all probability save breakingthe
'Waltham
moving the friction staff. hole jewel, but will require a new staff. Figure
15-11 gives the nomenelature of the ordiilary
SEC- 355-Pivot Stroightening balance staff. Throughout your career the
Many watchmakers endeavor to straighten proper names and dimensions of the parts of
pivcts when they are bent rather than replace the staff will be referred to frequently,
the staff. At times it is possible to straighten a
<UPPER PIVOT
pivot whieh is only slishtly bent by placing it
in a watchmaker's lathe and spinning true with OIL CUT
the aid of a speeial pivot straightening tweezer. COLLET
SHOULDER -'
Figure 15-10 illustrates a, pivot straightening

Fis. t5-10 ROLL€R

SEAT

LOWER PIVOT -+
device which is a part of ihe friction jewelling
Fis.l5-l I
tool described in the previous lesson. The tool
is a round metal plate set with 33 jewels frcm SEC. 356-Mokhing l*re Bslonce Stoff
.08 rnm to .16 frR, eaeh hole V* of 100th larger In selecting a new balance staff for a wateh it
than the preceding hole diameter. To straighten is necessary Lo know the make, size, and model
a bent pivot proceed as follows: and then match the staff accordingly. As stated
Example: Bent Pivot-diameter .10 mm previousiy, there may be several different
1. Place bent pivot in a hole of larger diam- models of watches in the same size of the same
eter, perhaps 12 or 13, according to the curve rnake. For instance, we may have a 16 size
of the bent pivot. rvateh which requires a staff with a short hub
2. Turn the balanee carefully with a brush and another model which may require a long
and press lightly on the hieh side of the hub, or we may have one with a large collet
balance wittr a piece of pegwood. shoulder and another with a srnall collet should-
3, Repeat the above operation, each time er. You will soon beeome familiar with the
placing the balance pivot in the next emaller different models and eventually t'ou will reeog-
hole until you reach hole 10. The moveable nize the most common numbers by looking at
guide is used as an indicator and must not the staff.
touch the rim of the balanee. After you have selected a staff which you
4. The pivot should be polished in the lathe believe to be the correct model, make the fol-
at this point. Io*'ing comparisons:
lf upon examination of the balauce staff the
pivot appears to be cut, the jewel is probably
broken or cracked. After replacing the jewel,
it is possible in some cases to regrind and polish
the pivot satisfactorily. but in most cases it is
better to treat a staff x'hich has a eut pivot
exactly as you would treat one with a broken
pivot. When in doubt, Fut in a new staff ; it is
the mark of a fine workman,
Occasionally you will find a pivot which has
become riveted on the end due to a j ar or fall
forcing the pivot directly against the cap jewel.
When this oecurs it is difficult to remove the
pivot from the balance jewel and in some cases
it is neeessary to remove the cap jewel if poss- Fie. l5-12
L€str 15 T'ASTIR WATCHMAKING Section 3S
1. Lsy the old and new sfaff side by side asd
examine under a double loupe.
2. Tes[ roller in poeition on roller pcsq figure
!*!2- Roller should slip over post until the
l""+ fJ
i
I
I

space between the hub and the impulse rsller

ir appmoximatuly yz *o ${ the thickness of the
roller ta,ble-
3. Set balanee in place on the balance seat.
It shonld ft snugly without any side play.
The shoulder should exteud high enough
above the arm of the balance to be riveted
securely, fignre 1il13.

ll
lr,

11.
,r l,

4t
Itl
t

Fig. l5-t,*
shoutrd extend above the upp€r surfaee of
the balance jewel approxim ately ite own
diameter.

fis. 15-13
4. Measure the eollet shoulder of the old staff
rritb your mierometer and eornpare with the
diameter of the csllet shoulder of the nev
s-taff- Ueasurements should be identical.
5. The length of the nes staff should be iden-
tical with the one to be replaced. Allow about
0.25 mm for each broken pivol
6. Compare pivot diameters by measuring
with tbe micrometer.
?- Fieure 1S14 illustrates another way tq
tcst the pivots for size. This test and all of BALANCE
the previoue tests sbould be mad.e before ARM
riveting the staff to the wheel. The pivot
should enter the hole in the jewel arld tip
approxirn*tely 5 degrees to either side to
allow the proper amount of sidwhake- If the
pivot is too large it will not tip from side to
side and if it tips too far sver, the pivot is too
small for the hole in the jewel.
8. Place staff in lower jewel and replace
balance cock. Test for endshake-
9. It is neeessary at times to remove the eap
jewels and ascertain if the pivot extends
through the balance jewel far enough fu
reeoh the eap jewel without the cone of the
pivot binding in the oilcup. A balance pivot
fiE. 15-15
Sections357-358 WATCHMAI(I NG
I,IASTTR, Lerson15
do a better job.
5. Test by placing the thumb on the end of
- the riveting punch and exert as much down*
FLAT HACS
HOLLOW PUNCH ward pressure as possible, Try twisting the
balanee wheel around the staff. If no resist-
arce is encountered the ehances are that more
riveting will be required. Rivet until sesure,
finishing with flat face hollow puneh" This
wiII require only several light taps with the
brass hammer.

SEC. 358-Replocing the Roller

If the roller to be replaced rs a combination
roller, the previous operation requiring the use
of the flat face hollow punch is repeated with
BALANCE the combination roller in place, figure 15-L6.
The roller jewel is usually placed at right angles
to the arm of the balance wheel,
fn replaeing: a single roller or the impulse
roller from a two piece double roller proceed
COM BINATION as follows:
ROLLER
1. Loosen die plate.
2. Select hole in die plate large enough to
accommodate the roller jewel and the roller
post when the roller is in place. The roller
jewel should be placed at right angles to the
balance arm-
3. Place flat face hollow punch in staking
tool and carefully manipulate the staff and
roller until they are directly under the punch,
'When
you are certain that neither the staff
or roller jewel will be damaged, tap puneh
SEC. 35?-niveting the Stsff
with brass hammer until roller is tight against
Replaeing a riveted balance staff is not a hard
the seat, figure 1,5-17.
job, but each operation must be carefully exe-
cuted., and the proper holes in the dieplate of
the staking tool, together with the prgper FLAT FAC€
HOLLOW P.UNCH
punches must be carefully selected.
1. Select hole in die plate whieh is slightly
larger than the rolls post.
2, Center this hole with centering punch,
3. Select a round face hollow punch and &
flat faee hollow punch whieh will slip over
the collet shoulder freely, The round face
hollow punch is used to spread the rivet and
the flat face hollow punch will smooth and
finish the previous operation" Figure 15-15
illustrates the staff in position in the die plate,
the arm in position on the balance shoulder,
and the round face hollow punch in position ROLLER TABLE
for riveting.
4. Tap the punch repeatedly with a brass
hammer, at the same time turring the balance
wheel slowly with the left forefinger. Do
not use a crushing blow with the hammer.
Many quick, light strokes of the hamrner will
Lcsson 15 MASTERWATCHMAKING Section 359

SEC- 359--Replocing Friction Stoffs OUND FTC€

LLOW PUHCH
In selecting a friction staff, the same procedure
is followed as in selecting a rivet type staff ex-
cept that the post which enters the hub must
just start into Lhe opening in the hub. The
difference must be made up by staking the staff
in place.
1. Seleet a hollow stump which will allow the
collet post of the staff to enter without bind-
ing.
2. Center sturnp with centering punch.
3. Drive staff into position using a round faee
hollow punch which fits freely over the roller
post, figure 15*18.
4. Replace roller tabie as previously de-
scribed.
It is noi possible for the student to rnake the
proper test of the balance wheel and staff in
the movernent at this time beeause we have not,
as yet covered the truing of the balance in the
flat.
Always make the following tests before re-
Fis.l5-18
placing: the hairspring :
4- Roller clesrs top of pallet fork, Dial Down.
1. Test endshake-
5. With double roller, roller jewel must clear
2. Balance wheel must clear pallet bridge, guard pin, Dial Down.
DiaI Down. It is necessary to complete the uert lesson on
3. Balance wheel must clear balance bridee truing and poising before we can complete a
and eenter wheel, Dial Up. satisfactory staff job.
TABIE0F C0NIENT$:
Unit tr{5- l,essoa15

Joa s{BsTs
W 15- J 1 - R ,e mo v i n g B a l a n c e Staff: R ,i vetted type

W 15- J A - fi ,e mo v i n g B a l a n c e Staff w i th S ul phuri c A ci d

W 15- c I 3 - El o w to re p l a c e a n i n c a bl oc or shock-resi st

ro l l e r w i th re c e s s e d g uard rol i er

T . of C. i{5-115
 UNIT Ir
q
JOg gHTCT
'I 'i
t:SiOl,l cHlcroo tcHoQl of wAr$fn^rl]fo TT}5-J1

REMOVINGBAIANCE SIAFF: Rlvetted type

AND SIIfPI,ES:
TOO,I*9..8-QIIIPIdE-NF

Staking Tool - Brass Hammer- T\neezers - Staff Remover* Iathe*

Graver* - Rol1er Femover - Hairsprlng Renover
'frDependeaton staff removing proged.ure used^.

pRocgDuEs

RT\TETTEDT]PE STAFF
HoTi T0 RE}'IOITE RE"IBRENCE

1. Remove balanee eock and. balanee assembly. I,es, I

2. Rernove the hairspringr using hairspring remover. Sec, 352

3. Rernove the roller, using a rol1er retnover. Sec. 355

+. Remove ihe staff from the wheel, See. 354

: NOTE: lfihen renoving a staff, either the rivet or the hub should. be
cut away before rernoving +"he staff. Balance staffs nay be mad,e of
s t eel w h i e h i s h a rd e r th a n th e arm of the w heel . I{hen ri vettedrthe
rivet is larger than the hole ia the wheel and if this enlarged.'
part of the rivet is driven throug!. tbe hole, it will spread the
hole. Ilollever, many watchmakers do not recognize the importance
of this procedure and use a staff rernover and. staking tool to drlve
out staffs. ille v;ill explain i;hree procedures, If the hub of tbe
balanee staff is too hard to cut with a regular graver, it should
be softened beforo cutting on the lathe. This is d,one by beatlng
the staff to a light blue but it must be d.one without heat ing tbe
r.theel or the arms of the *nGf . A good method ts to place a brass
lod. , in to u h i c h y o u h a v e d ri l l e d a hoJe, over the end of the staff
and t he n h e a t' th e b ra s s ro d . Thi s w i l l transmi t the heat to the
steel" (Les. 31 - Fig. 3l-73 is similari

A HOVI T0 cirT. AtIAY TTE rilry 03 TrrS S?AFF {Prefered method} Sec. 354

]- Drau temper to a J.ight blue. T,es, 27 - Sec. 464

z " Chuc k u p s ta ff on collet seat.

5, Cut away hub of staff, Sec. 354 - Fig. 15-5 & 1,5-6

+ . S ele c t fl a t fa c e s tu mp $ i th hol e sliebtly larger than rivetted.

shoulder of staff and place sturnp in staking fmme, center to
frame.

(v-ealyns-rr 01ffi.
lofZ
 1115-Jr

5, Flace wheel, bottom side DF, on the stump

6, U s i n g s ta ff re mo v i n g punch, tap gentl y to remove staff.

B IToUTO Ci,TA!'tAyrm nr,ryq q,T Try srAFH, (nrternate method)

1. D ra w te rn p e r to a ti g h t bi uer l _es. Z? - S ec', +64

2, Chuck up staff on ro]ler seat,

g' Using graver sharpened to long sLender taper, cut away the rivet,

4, Flace whee] on die plate ra,ith hub in hole slightly larger than hub..

5. F l t s ta ff re fl o v e r a n d , punch i n staki ng frame, tap gentl y to n' i g. I S_7

drlve out staff,

Q . {Ovir0 p4rvE Ovr gr4_!EusrNc 4 sIAff FS{q:"83AN! grAKrNGr00r,

l. Plqce,wheel on die plite w
' l ith hub in hole sllghtly larger Fig. LS-?
th a n h u b o f s ta ff.

2. F i t s ta ft' tre rn o v e r a n d punch i n staki ng frame and tapt u

gentl-yv
to drive out sta ft .' ,

3. E x a n :-:re v th e e l e a re fu l l y to deterrni ne i f hol e has spread,

b e s t i n d i c a ti o n o f th is i s a burr formed arround. the hoLe
on tre bottbm sid.e of the wheel. fhe hole can not be closed
b u t th e b u rr c a u b e s moothed out by l ayi ng w heel bottom si de
d c w n o n a fl a t s o l i d stunp and tap gentl y uri th fl at face
so1idpunchinsize}argertirantheho]-einthewhee1.If
b u rr i s -.n o t re m o v e d th ore i s a good chahce you w i l l not be
a b l e to tn re th e b a l a nce r,uheel after. s-{ ,affi ng.

FOR CO},frJI,qIE PROCEDUREFOR RJTIOVIT]G AI\D REPIAC]NG STAFT'S SEE JOB GUITtr
SiffifS 1'/1?-J1 throueh I'II7-J3

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UNIT 5 JOB SHEET

LCSSOH L5 cHrtAco scHoot ol wAtcHnAxlxa vrtS-J2

'It'TITH
REMOVTNGBATANCE STAFF SULPHURIC AC ID

EQUIPMENTAND SUPPLIES:

Glass jar r,vi-th ground glass eover or wlde mouth bottle 'rrlth
rubber stopper Sulphurle ' a c i d ( elther c h e r n l c a l l y o r e ommerclalLy
pure ) usua l}y obta inab le at .your drugglst Dlst llled w at e r "
S r n a1 1 b n a s s o r c o p p e r w i r e . ,

:
INF'ORMATION
INTRODUCTORY

Many modern watehes use balance wheels whlch contaln no steel.

The balance staff whlch 1s made of steel can be removed wtthout
damage to the balanee rrheel by destroylng 1t wlth a solutlon of
sulphurlc acid and vrater. The tlme requlred 1s generally from
4 to 10 hours dependlng upon the solutlon. The balance wheel
r+il1 not be changed ln any way us lng this method , Ho'dever the
solution must be handled very caTefully as 1t can be dangerous,
a n d t h e f u m e s w i l l h av e a t e n d e n c y t o r " u s t o t h e r s t e e l t o o l s o r
ltems ln lts vlelnlty. It should be kept in a glass or porcelaln
container in a safe place. Ordlnary baking soda ls used to
neutralize the solution should it sp1l1.

PROCEDURB:

HO-I4TO REMOVE A BALANCE STAFF USING A SULPHURIC ACID SOLUTION

1. Place 4 parts of cold dlstllled water into contalner.

I Pour slol.rly I part of sulphuric acid lnto water .
Example: ? oz. distilled i'rater.
* o z . s u l p h u r " i c acid .

J. R e m o v eh a i r s n r i n E .
lt R e m o v er o l 1 e r table.

5. T e s t b a l a n c e v r h e e l w i t h s m a1 1 m a g n e t . If wheel rim or arm

ts not attracted by magnet 1t is safe to use thls method.
NOTE: Do not touch staf f v,rith magnet as the staf f ls steel
and r.r1 j 1 be attracted to magnet.

5. Strlng balance on small brass or copper wire.

7. Immer.se ba lanc e i n s o l u t i o n a n d r e p l a c e c o v e r o v d r w l r e . The

',uire w111 keep c o v e r l o o s e e n o u g h s o f u m e s m a y e s g a p e .

OVER
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5
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B . t'.Ihenstaff 1s d ls solved , removed ba la nce whee1 f r.om the

solutlon and rlnse thoroughly under runnlng water.

9. Dry balance whee1,

NOTE:' ' Thls'!ap^ld.:golutton.,&an be used untl!; {f,. s'barbs''jio.

'1.'di*'e o'toi: the ba lance
whee 1 . .{t. should be ke,b? ln
a s a f e c o o l p l a c e . t * l h e nd i s p o s l n g o f t h e s o l u t l o n
make c e rta 1n tha t plenty of water ls used w-hen
flushlng lt away.
 UNIT 5 JOB sHE:T
L1330ll 15 cHreAoo ScHoot ot wttcHnArtilo W15 J3

HOW TO REFLACE AN INCABLOC 0R SHOCK-RESIST ROLLER l,IItH RECESSEDGUARDROILER.

TOOLS ANp EQgTPMENI..
Staklng Set. Hollow Stump. Speclal Incabloe or Shock-Reslst Punch.
Brass Hammer.
PROCEDURE.
1. Place balanee wheel over' hollow stump wltkr roller shoulder up.
2. Place roller table on staff wlth roller jewel at right angles
to the balance arm.
3. Set punch ln recess of guard r.oller. and press or tap lnto pIace.

Incab loc
Or
Shoc k*Re s 1st
. Roller
./ Punc h
-

guard roller.

C,ombina t 1on ,R.olle r ,/ Roller Jewel

) l.-

H o 11 o w
Stump -

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