Assignment ICT

INTRODUCTION TO ICT

 ICT stands for information and communication technology.

 ICT concerns any device or system that allows the storage, retrieval,
manipulation, transmission and receipt of digital information.
 It’s not just about computers, the ‘c’ in ICT stands for communication
and convers many communications technologies.
 ICT are usually understood to refer to computers and the internet,
however this view is limited.

IMPORTANCE OF ICT

Information and communication technology (ICT) stands as the cornerstone

of modern society, facilitating communication, innovation, and economic
growth. In today’s interconnected world ICT serves as the driving force
behind numerous advancements, enabling, individuals, businesses,
governments to connect, collaborate and thrive. From smartphones and
computer to the internet and digital networks ICT encompasses a vast array
of technologies that have become integral to how we lives work and interact.

ICT INCLUDES

 Capturing technologies (camrecorder)

 Storage technologies (CD-ROMs, DVDS, pen drives etc )
 Processing technologies (application software)
 Communication technologies (local area network)
 Display technologies (computer, monitor, LCDs)
 INFORMATION

 Information is defined as data that has been organized or processed in

a way that makes it meaningful and useful. It can refer to facts,
knowledge, or insights that are communicated or received. Information
can come in various forms, such as, text, numbers, images, or sounds,
and it is often used to inform decisions, solve problems, or enhance
understanding of a particular subject.
 The word “information” is used in many different ways. For example:-
a newspaper contains information about the world. This article contains
information about “information”.

COMMUNICATION

 The word communication has originated from a Latin word

“communes” which means something common.
 Communication is an act of transmitting messages. It is a process
whereby information is exchanged between individuals using symbols,
signs or verbal interactions.
 Communication is a process of exchanging information, ideas,
thoughts, feeling and emotions through speech signals, writing or
behavior. In communication process, a sender encodes a message and
then using a medium and send it to appropriate feedback using a
medium.
 Previously, people communicated through sign or symbols, performing
drama and poetry. With the advent of technology, these ‘older’ forms
of communication are less utilized as compared to the use of the
internet, email or video conferencing.

TECHNOLOGY

 Technology is the use of knowledge to invent new devices, or tools.

Throughout history, technology has made people’s lives easier.
 Technology is the making, usage and knowledge of tools, machine,
techniques, crafts and system of organization to solve problems.
  Is the use of scientific knowledge, experience and resources to create
processes and product that fulfill human needs?
1. Aiding communication – telephone and fax machines are the
devices used in extending communication.
2. Spreading information to broadcast information such as news or
weather reports effectively. Radio, television, satellites and the
world wide web (www) are powerful tools that can be used.

TRADITIONAL ICT’s

Traditional ICT Include radio, television, telephone, tapes and cassettes,

video cassettes etc.

MODERN ICT’s

Modern ICT Include computers, satellites, wireless technology and the

internet.

SCOPE

1. Theory and practice

2. Tools and media
3. Educational subject
4. Increasing efficiency
5. Availability of resources

The scope of information and communication technology (ICT) is vast and

divers, encompassing, and society.

PURPOSES

1. Enhances education
2. Design instructional materials
3. Change behavior
 NEED OF ICT

1. Enhance performance
2. Capacity building
3. Scientific base for teaching and learning
4. Global connectivity and communication
5. Access to information and knowledge
6. Improve education and learning
7. Enhance business productivity and efficiency
8. Better heallthcare services
9. Economic growth and development
10. Social inclusion and empowerment

IMPORTANCE OF USING ICT

1. Improves learning process

2. Connects processes and products of instructional design
3. Improves communication

COMPONENTS OF ICT

The term information and communication technology (ICT) is generally

accepted to mean all techniques that, combined, allow people and
organizations to interest in the digital world.

SOFTWARE

Software is a set of instructions or programs instructing a computer to do

specific tasks.

 The name given to computer programs

 Cannot be held in your hand
 Photoshop
  Ms word
 Zoom
 Facebook

Software allows the hardware to do something useful; without software, the

software wouldn’t know what it was supposed to do. So software depends on
hardware and hardware depends on software. Together they form a computer
system.

Software programs are stored as files on a storage device such as hard disks,
DVD or memory sticks.

When they need to run, they’re loaded into computer’s memory (RAM).

HARDWARE

The physical components that make up a computer system. Includes all

input, output, storage devices.

 Physical components.
 Is any physical device in or with you machine.
 Something you can hold in your hand.
 Keyboard
 Printer
 Mouse
 Hard disks

DATA

A collection of raw facts and figures is called data. The word raw means that
the facts are unprocessed.

Data is collected from different sources. It is collected for different purposes.

Data may consist of characters, numbers, symbols or pictures.

INTERNET ACCESS
Internet access is a fundamental component of modern life, enabling global
connectivity and information exchange. Is the ability of individuals and
organizations to connect to the internet using computer terminals,
computers, and other devices; and to access services such as email and the
world wide web.

Types of internet access:-

1. Hotspot
2. DSL
3. Broadband
4. ISDN(integrated services digital network)
5. Satellites
6. Leased line
7. Wireless

CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is a model of delivering computing services, over the

internet. Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system
resources, especially data storage and computing power, without direct
active management by the user.

Cloud computing providers:-

 Googles Gmail
 Microsoft azure
 Amazon web

Types of cloud computing:-

There are several types of cloud computing

 Service models
 Deployment models
 Characteristics

TRANSACTIONS
A transaction is a process in which there is an exchange of goods, services,
information between two parties. It is a term commonly used in the financial
and commercial fields.

In a transaction the parties agree on the terms and conditions and commit to
fulfilling their obligations.

 An instance of buying or selling something; a business deal.

 An exchange or interaction between people.
 Accounting transactions.
 Borrowing funds from a creditor.
 Paying off borrowed funds from a creditor.
 Payment of cash to a supplier from a sent invoice.

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Communication technology is another important part of IT infrastructure. The

significant aspects that comprise this technology include networking,
internet access, and website development.

 Computers
 Internet
 Television
 Radio
 Phone
 Podcasts

Types of communication technology

 Voice communication
 Visual communication
 Text communication

APPLICATIONS OF ICT

 In home
 At factory
 In office
 In transport
 In communication
 In education
 In health

IN HOME

 Entertainment – movies , music and different animation games.

 Fir borrowing the web.
 For online shopping.
 For mobile internet banking.
 Smart lighting and temperature control.
 Security system.
 Door and window automation.
 Voice assistants.

IN OFFICE

 Transaction processing
 Desktop publishing
 Word processing
 Product design
 Financial analysis
 Email
 Video conferencing
 Instant messaging
 Phone system

AT FACTORY

 Computer aided design is used to design and develop products.

 Compute aied manufacturing is used to manufacture them .
 Inventory control.
 Planning and process control.
 Production scheduling and planning.
 Quality control and inspection.
 Supply chain management.

IN TRANSPORT

 To improve road, air, and rail transportation

 In air traffic control
 For monitoring of freight and the day to day transport system
 For booking air tickets or railway tickets online
 For simulation training for pilots
 Traffic management system
 Vehicle tracking systems
 GPS navigation

IN COMMUNICATION

 Mobile phones
 The internet
 Satellites communication
 CTV broadcast
 Video conferencing
 Instant messaging
 Voice over internet protocol
 Email services

IN EDUCATION

 Classroom, library, laboratory, museum computers

 E Learning
 Computer based learning
 Online courses and MOOCs
 Educational software and apps

IN HEALTH
 Digital storage and retrieval of patient date for better management of
medical histories.
 Apps that allows user to track health metrics, manage chronic
conditions and access health service.
 Software used to streamline operations, staff management, billing and
patient care with hospitals.
 Electronic health records.
 Telemedicine and Telehealth.
 Personal health record.

THE END