Academic Session: 2020-21

Indefinite
Integration

MATHEMATICS
Class XII
JEE (Main + Advanced)
 INDEFINITE INTEGRATION
Index
Particular's Page No.

Theory 01–24

Exercise – 1 (Bronze) 25-32

Part – I Subjective Questions
Part – II Objective Questions

Exercise – 2 (Silver) 32-36

Part – I Only one option correct type
Part – II One or more than one option correct type

Exercise – 3 (Gold) 36-39

Part – I Single and double digit integer type
Part – II Match the column and Comprehension

Exercise – 4 (Platinum) 39-43

Part – I JEE (Main) Questions
Part – II JEE (Advanced) / Previous year subjective questions

Answer Key 44-47

Exercise – 5 (Diamond) 48-50

Part – I Objective Questions
Part – II Subjective Questions

Answer Key 51-52

Indefinite Integration

Indefinite Integration

If f & F are function of x such that F' (x) = f(x) then the function F is called a PRIMITIVE OR ANTIDERIVATIVE
OR INTEGRAL of f(x) w.r.t. x and is written symbolically as

d
 f(x)dx  F(x)  c  dx {F(x)  c}  f(x) , where c is called the constant of integration.
1. GEOMETRICAL INTERPRETATION OF INDEFINITE INTEGRAL :

 f(x)dx  F(x)  c  y(say) , represents a family of curves. The different values of c will correspond to different
members of this family and these members can be obtained by shifting any one of the curves parallel to itself.
This is the geometrical interpretation of indefinite integral.
Y
Let f(x) = 2x. Then  f(x)dx  x2  c. For different values
2

of c, we get different integrals. But these integrals are y=x +3

very similar geometrically.

P3 y=x2+2
Thus, y = x 2 + c, where c is arbitrary constant,
represents a family of integrals. By assigning different P2 y=x2+1
values to c, we get different members of the family.
These together constitute the indefinite integral. In this P1 y=x2
case, each integral represents a parabola with its axis
P0 y=x2–1
along y-axis.
If the line x = a intersects the parabolas y = x2, y = x2 +1, P–1 y=x2–2
2 2 2 X' X
y = x + 2, y = x – 1, y = x – 2 at P0, P1, P2, P–1, P–2 etc.,
dy P–2 y=x2–3
respectively, then at these points equals 2a. This
dx
indicates that the tangents to the curves at these points P–3
2
are parallel. Thus,  2 xdx = x + c = f(x)+ c (say),

implies that the tangents to all the curves x= a

f(x) + c, c  R, at the points of intersection of the
Y'
curves by the line x = a, (a  R) , are parallel.
Standard Formula:

ax  bn 1
(i)  (ax + b) n
dx =
a  n  1
+ C, n  1

dx 1
(ii)  = n |ax + b| + C
ax  b a

1 ax+b
(iii)  eax+b dx =
a
e +C

1 a pxq
(iv)  apx+q dx =
p n a
+ C; a > 0

1
Indefinite Integration

1
(v)  sin (ax + b) dx = 
a
cos (ax + b) + C

1
(vi)  cos (ax + b) dx =
a
sin (ax + b) + C

1
(vii)  tan(ax + b) dx =
a
n |sec (ax + b)| + C

1
(viii)  cot(ax + b) dx =
a
n |sin(ax + b)| + C

1
(ix)  sec² (ax + b) dx =
a
tan(ax + b) + C

1
(x)  cosec²(ax + b) dx = –
a
cot(ax + b)+ C

1
(xi)  sec (ax + b). tan (ax + b) dx =
a
sec (ax + b) + C

1
(xii)  cosec (ax + b). cot (ax + b) dx = –
a
cosec (ax + b) + C

 x
(xiii)  secx dx = n |secx + tanx| + C OR n tan    + C
4 2

x
(xiv)  cosec x dx = n |cosecx  cotx| + C OR n tan
2
+ C OR  n |cosecx + cotx| + C

dx x
(xv)  a x2 2
= sin1
a
+C

dx 1 x
(xvi)  2
a x 2
= tan1
a a
+C

dx 1 x
(xvii)  x x a 2 2
=
a
sec1
a
+C

dx 2 2 x
(xviii)  x2  a2
= n x  x  a + C OR sinh1
a
+C

dx 2 2 x
(xix)  x2  a2
= n x  x  a + C OR cosh1
a
+C

dx 1 ax
(xx)  =
a2  x2 2 a
ln ax + C

dx 1 xa
(xxi)  =
x2  a2 2 a
ln xa + C

2
Indefinite Integration

x a2 x
(xxii)  a 2  x 2 dx =
2
a 2  x2 +
2
sin1
a
+C

x a2 x  x 2  a2
(xxiii)  x 2  a 2 dx =
2
x2  a 2 +
2
n
a
+C

x a2 x  x 2  a2
(xxiv)  2 2
x  a dx =
2
x a 2 2

2
n a +C

e ax
(xxv)  eax. sin bx dx =
a 2  b2
(a sin bx  b cos bx) + C

e ax
(xxvi)  eax. cos bx dx =
a 2  b2
(a cos bx + b sin bx) + C

Theorems on integration

(i)  C f (x).dx = C  f (x).dx

(ii)  (f (x)  g(x)) dx =  f ( x)dx   g(x) dx
g(ax  b)
(iii)  f (x)dx  g( x)  C 1   f (ax  b)dx = a
+ C2

1 x3
=  ( x 2  1) dx + x 2 dx = – x + tan–1 x + C
1 3

TECHNIQUES OF INTEGRATION :
(1) Substitution or change of independent variable :

If (x) is a continuous differentiable function, then to evaluate integrals of the form  f((x)) '(x)dx , we
substitute (x) = t and '(x)dx = dt.

Hence I   f((x)) '(x)dx reduces to  f(t)dt .

(a) Fundamental deductions of method of substitution
( f ( x ))n1
(i)  [ f(x)]n f (x) dx =
n 1
+C

f  ( x) ( f ( x ))1n
(ii)   f (x)n
dx =
1 n
+C,n1

dx
(iii)  x ( x n 1)
; n  N Take x n common & put 1 + x n = t.

dx
(iv)  ( n1) ; n  N, take xn common & put 1 + xn = tn
2
x x 1  n
 n

dx
(v)  ; take x n common as x and put 1 + x n = t.
n 1/ n
n
x 1 x  
3
Indefinite Integration
(b) Standard substitutions :

dx
 a 2  x2 or  a 2  x2 dx ; put x = a tan or x = a cot 

dx
 a 2  x2 or  a 2  x2 dx ; put x = a sin or x = a cos 

dx
 or  x2  a 2 dx ; put x = a sec or x = a cosec 
x2  a 2

ax
 dx ; put x = a cos2
ax

x
 dx or  (x   )(  x) ; put x =  cos2  +  sin2 
x

x
 dx or  (x   )(x  ) ; put x =  sec2  –  tan2 
x
dx
 2 2
(x   )(x   ) ; put x –  = t or x –  = t .

(n x )2
Example # 1 Evaluate :  x
dx

(n x )2 1
Solution. Let  =  x
dx Put nx = t 
x
dx = dt

t3 (  n x )3
 =  t 2dt = +c = +C
3 3

2
Example # 2 Evaluate :  (1  sin x ) cos x dx

2
Solution. Let  =  (1  sin x ) cos x dx Put sinx = t  cosx dx = dt

2 t3 sin3 x
 =  (1  t ) dt = t +
3
+ c = sin x +
3
+C

cos 3 x
Example # 3 Evaluate  sin 2
dx
x  sin x

(1  sin 2 x)cos x 1  sin x

Solution : I = dx =  cos x dx
sin x(1  sin x) sin x

Put sinx = t  cosx dx = dt

1t
 I = dt  n| t|  t  c = n| sin x|  sin x  c Ans.
t

4
Indefinite Integration

1 x 1
Example # 4 Evaluate . dx 
1 x x
Solution : Put x = cos2  dx = –2sin cos d
1  cos  1 
 I  . (2 sin  cos )d    2 tan tan  d
1  cos  cos2  2
sin 2 ( / 2 ) 1  cos 
 4  d   2  d  2 n| sec   tan | 2   c
cos  cos 

1 1x
 2 n  2 cos 1 x  c
x

x
Example # 5 Evaluate : x 4
 x2  1
dx
Solution. We have,
x x dt
= x 4 2
 x 1
dx =  (x 2 2
)  x 1 2 dx {Put x2 = t  x.dx =
2
}

1 1 1 1
 =
2  2
t  t 1
dt =
2
  1
2
 3
2 dt
 t     

 2  2 

 
t 1 1  2t  1  1  2x 2  1 
1 1 –1  2 +C =   +C=  
= . tan tan–1   tan–1   + C.
2 3  3  3  3  3  3 
 
2  2 

2. Integration by Parts : Product of two functions f(x) and g(x) can be integrate using formula :
 d 
 f ( x) g(x) dx = f(x)
 g(x) dx –   dx f ( x)  g( x) dx  dx
(i) when you find integral  g( x) dx then it will not contain arbitarary constant.
(ii)  g( x) dx should be taken as same at both places.

(iii) The choice of f(x) and g(x) can be decided by ILATE guideline.
the function will come later is taken an integral function (g(x)).
  Inverse function
L  Logarithmic function
A  Algebraic function
T  Trigonometric function
E  Exponential function

Example # 6 Evaluate :  cos x dx

Solution : Consider I =  cos xdx

1
Let xt then dx  dt
2 x
i.e. dx  2 xdt or dx = 2t dt

5
Indefinite Integration

so I   cos t.2 tdt

taking t as first function, then integrate it by part
  dt  
 I = 2  t  cos tdt     cos tdt  dt  = 2  t sin t   1 . sin tdt  = 2  t sin t  cos t   c
  dt  
I = 2  x sin x  cos x   c Ans.

x
Example # 7 Evaluate :  1  sin x dx
x x(1  sin x)
Solution : Let I =
1  sin x
dx =  (1  sin x)(1  sin x) dx
x(1  sin x) x(1  sin x)
=  dx =  dx   x sec 2 xdx   x sec x tan xdx
1  sin 2 x cos2 x
 2  dx 2     dx  
=  x  sec xdx     sec xdx  dx  –  x  sec x tan xdx     sec x tan xdx  dx 
  dx     dx  
=  x tan x   tan xdx    x sec x   sec xdx 
=  x tan x  l n| sec x|    x sec x  l n| sec x  tan x|   c
(sec x  tan x)  x(1  sin x)
= x  tan x  sec x   l n c =  l n| 1  sin x|  c Ans.
sec x cos x

1
Example # 8 Evaluate :  x tan x dx
1
Solution. Let  =  x tan x dx

x2 1 x2
= (tan–1 x)
2
–  1 x 2 .
2
dx

x2 1 x2  1 1 x2 1  1 
=
2
tan–1 x –
2  x 12
dx =
2
tan–1 x –
2  1  x 2
 dx
 1

x2 1
= tan–1 x – [x – tan–1 x] + C.
2 2

Example # 9 Evaluate :  x n(1  x) dx

Solution. Let  =  x n(1  x) dx
x2 1 x2
= n (x + 1) .
2
–  x 1
.
2
dx

x2 1 x2 x2 1 x 2  1 1
=
2
n (x + 1) –
2  x 1
dx =
2
n (x + 1) –
2  x 1
dx

x2 1  x2  1 1 

=
2
n (x + 1) –
2  
 x  1 x  1  dx
 

x2 1  1 
=
2
n (x + 1) –
2   ( x  1)  x  1 dx
2
x2 1  x  x  n | x  1 |
= n (x + 1) –   +C
2 2  2 

6
Indefinite Integration
2x
Example # 10 Evaluate : sin 3x dx
e
2x
Solution. Let  = e sin 3x dx

 cos 3 x  2x  cos 3 x 
= e2x    –
 2e   dx
 3   3 
1 2x 2 2x
=–
3
e cos 3x +
3 e cos 3x dx

1 2x 2  2 x sin 3 x sin 3 x 
=– e cos 3x + e  2e 2 x dx  
3 3  3 3 
1 2x 2 4 2x
=–
3
e cos 3x + e2x sin 3x –
9 9 e sin 3x dx

1 2x 2 4
 =– e cos 3x + e2x sin 3x – 
3 9 9
4 e 2x
 + = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x)
9 9
13 e 2x
 = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x)
9 9
e 2x
 = (2 sin 3x – 3 cos 3x) + C
13

3. Two classic integrands :

(i)  ex [f(x) + f (x)] dx = ex. f(x) + C

(ii)  [f(x) + xf (x)] dx = x f(x) + C

x x
Example # 11 Evaluate : e ( x  1)2
dx

x  1 1  1 1  ex
Solution. Given integral =  ex dx =  ex    dx = +C
( x  1) 2  ( x  1) ( x  1)2  ( x  1)
 

x  x4  2 
Example # 12 The value of e  (1  x2 )5 / 2  dx is equal to -

e x (x  1) e x (1  x  x2 ) e x (1  x)
(A) (B) (C) (D) none of these
(1  x2 )3 / 2 (1  x2 )3 / 2 (1  x2 )3 / 2

x x4  2  x 1 1  2 x2 
Solution : Let I =   (1  x2 )5 / 2  dx =
e   (1  x2 )1 / 2 (1  x2 )5 / 2  .dx
e 

x  1 x x 1  2 x2 
= e  (1  x2 )1 / 2  (1  x2 )3 / 2  (1  x2 )3 / 2  (1  x2 )5 / 2  dx

ex xe x e x {1  x2  x}
=   c = c Ans. (D)
(1  x2 )1 / 2 (1  x2 )3 / 2 (1  x2 )3 / 2

7
Indefinite Integration

x  1  sin x 
Example # 13 Evaluate : e   dx
 1  cos x 

 x x
 1  2 sin cos 
x  2 2 
Solution. Given integral = e 
 2 sin 2 x  dx

 2 

x 1 x x x
= e  cos ec 2  cot  dx = – ex cot +C
2 2 2 2
x  sin x
Example # 14 Evaluate  1  cos x dx
 
x  sin x  x  sin x   1 2 x x x
Solution : I = dx =   x  dx =   x sec  tan  dx = x tan + c Ans.
1  cos x 2 2 2 2
 2 cos2 
 2

 1 
Example # 15 Evaluate :  n (nx )  (nx) 2  dx

 1 
Solution. Let  =  n (nx )  (nx) 2  dx {put x = et  et dt}


t  1 t  1 1 1
 = e  nt  2  dt =
 t  e  nt    2  dt
 t t t 

 1  1 
= et  nt   + C = x n (nx )  +C
 t  nx 

4. Integration of Rational Algebraic Functions by using Partial Fractions:

PARTIAL FRACTIONS :
f (x)
If f(x) and g(x) are two polynomials, then g( x ) defines a rational algebraic function of x.
f (x)
If degree of f(x) < degree of g(x), then g( x ) is called a proper rational function.
f (x)
If degree of f(x)  degree of g(x) then g( x ) is called an improper rational function.
f (x) f (x)
If g( x ) is an improper rational function, we divide f(x) by g(x) so that the rational function g( x ) is
( x )
expressed in the form (x) + g( x ) , where (x) and ( x ) are polynomials such that the degree of ( x )

f (x)
is less than that of g(x). Thus, g( x ) is expressible as the sum of a polynomial and a proper rational

function.
f (x)
Any proper rational function g( x ) can be expressed as the sum of rational functions, each having a

simple factor of g(x). Each such fraction is called a partial fraction and the process of obtained them is
f (x)
called the resolutions or decomposition of g( x ) into partial fractions.

8
Indefinite Integration

f (x)
The resolution of g( x ) into partial fractions depends mainly upon the nature of the factors of g(x) as

discussed below :

CASE I When denominator is expressible as the product of non-repeating linear factors.

Let g(x) = (x – a1) (x – a2) .....(x – an). Then, we assume that

f (x) A1 A2 An
g( x )  x  a1 + x  a2 + ..... + x  an

where A1, A2, ...... An are constants and can be determined by equating the numerator on R.H.S. to the
numerator on L.H.S. and then substituting x = a1, a2, ........,an.

3x  2
Example # 16 Resolve into partial fractions.
x  6 x 2  11x  6
3

3x  2 3x  2
Solution. We have, 3 2 =
x  6 x  11x  6 ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)
3x  2 A B C
Let = + + . Then,
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) x 1 x2 x 3
3x  2 A( x  2)( x  3)  B( x  1)( x  3)  C( x  1)( x  2)
 =
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)
 3x + 2 = A(x – 2) (x – 3) + B (x – 1) (x – 3) + C(x – 1) (x – 2) ...........(i)
Putting x – 1 = 0 or x = 1 in (i), we get

5
5 = A(1 – 2) (1 – 3)  A = ,
2
Putting x – 2 = 0 or, x = 2 in (i), we obtain
8 = B (2 – 1) (2 – 3)  B = –8.
Putting x – 3 = 0 or, x = 3 in (i), we obtain
11
11 = C (3 – 1) (3 – 2)  C = .
2
3x  2 3x  2 5 8 11
 3 2 = = – +
x  6 x  11x  6 ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) 2( x  1) x2 2( x  3)

Note : In order to determine the value of constants in the numerator of the partial fraction corresponding to the
non-repeated linear factor (px + q) in the denominator of a rational expression, we may proceed as
follows :

q
Replace x by – (obtained by putting px + q = 0) everywhere in the given rational expression except
p
in the factor px + q itself. For example, in the above illustration the value of A is obtained by replacing

3x  2
x by 1 in all factors of except (x – 1) i.e.
( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)

3  1 2 5
A= =
(1  2)(1  3) 2

9
Indefinite Integration
Similarly, we have

3 2 1 33  2 11
B= = –8 and, C = =
(1  2)(2  3) (3  1)(3  2) 2

x 3  6 x 2  10 x  2
Example # 17 Resolve into partial fractions.
x 2  5x  6
Solution. Here the given function is an improper rational function. On dividing we get

x 3  6 x 2  10 x  2 (  x  4)
=x–1+ ...........(i)
2
x  5x  6 ( x 2  5 x  6)

x  4 x  4
we have, =
x 2  5x  6 ( x  2)( x  3)

x  4 A B
So, let = + , then
( x  2)( x  3) x2 x 3
– x + 4 = A(x – 3) + B(x – 2) ...........(ii)
Putting x – 3 = 0 or x = 3 in (ii), we get
1 = B(1)  B = 1.
Putting x – 2 = 0 or x = 2 in (ii), we get
2 = A (2 – 3)  A = – 2
x  4 2 1
 = +
( x  2)( x  3) x2 x 3

x 3  6 x 2  10 x  2 2 1
Hence 2 =x–1– +
x  5x  6 x2 x  3
CASE II When the denominator g(x) is expressible as the product of the linear factors such that some
of them are repeating.

1 1
Example g( x ) = k this can be expressed as
( x  a) ( x  a1 )( x  a 2 ).......( x  a r )

A1 A2 A3 Ak B1 B2 Br
+ 2 + 3 + ....+ k + ( x  a ) + ( x  a ) + ...... + ( x  a )
x a ( x  a) ( x  a) ( x  a) 1 2 r

Now to determine constants we equate numerators on both sides. Some of the constants are determined
by substitution as in case I and remaining are obtained by equating the coefficient of same power of x.

The following example illustrate the procedure.

3x  2 (3 x  2)dx
Example # 18 Resolve 2
( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2)
into partial fractions, and evaluate  ( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2)
2

3x  2 A1 A2 A3 A4
Solution. Let 2 = + 2 + +
( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2) x 1 ( x  1) x 1 x2
 3x – 2 = A1 (x – 1) (x + 1) (x + 2) + A2 (x + 1) (x + 2)
+ A3 (x – 1)2 (x + 2) + A4 (x – 1)2 (x + 1) .......(i)
Putting x – 1 = 0 or, x = 1 in (i) we get
1
1 = A2 (1 + 1) (1 + 2)  A2 =
6
Putting x + 1 = 0 or, x = –1 in (i) we get
5
– 5 = A3 (–2)2 (–1 + 2)  A3 = –
4
Putting x + 2 = 0 or, x = –2 in (i) we get

10
Indefinite Integration
8
– 8 = A4 (–3)2 (–1)  A4 =
9
Now equating coefficient of x3 on both sides, we get 0 = A1 + A3 + A4
5 8 13
 A1 = –A3 – A4 = – =
4 9 36

3x  2 13 1 5 8
 2 = + – +
( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2) 36( x  1) 6( x  1)2 4( x  1) 9( x  2)

(3 x  2)dx
and hence  ( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2)
2

13 1 5 8
= n |x – 1| – – n |x + 1| + n |x + 2| + C
36 6( x  1) 4 9

CASE III When some of the factors of denominator g(x) are quadratic but non-repeating. Corresponding
Ax  B
to each quadratic factor ax 2 + bx + c, we assume partial fraction of the type , where A and
ax 2  bx  c
B are constants to be determined by comparing coefficients of similar powers of x in the numerator of
A(2ax  b)
both sides. In practice it is advisable to assume partial fractions of the type +
ax 2  bx  c

B
2 .
ax  bx  c
The following example illustrates the procedure

x4
Example # 19 Evaluate  (x  2 )(x 2
 1)
dx

x4 3 x2  4
Solution : 2
 (x  2 ) 
(x  2 )(x  1) (x  2 )(x2  1)
1 2
 x
3 x2  4 16 5 5
Now,  
(x  2 )(x2  1) 5 (x  2) x2  1
1 2
 x
So, x4 16 5 5
 x2  
(x  2 )(x2  1) 5(x  2 ) x2  1
 1 2 
  x 
16 5 5
Now,   (x  2 )   2  dx
 5 (x  2 ) x  1 
 
x2 2 16 1
=  2 x  tan 1 x  ln x 2  l n (x 2  1 )  c Ans.
2 5 5 10

2x  1 2x  1
Example # 20 Resolve 2
( x  1)( x  2)
into partial fractions and evaluate  (x  1)( x 2
 2)
dx

2x  1 A Bx  C
Solution. Let = + 2 . Then,
( x  1)( x 2  2) x 1 x 2

11
Indefinite Integration

2x  1 A( x 2  2)  (Bx  C)( x  1)
=
( x  1)( x 2  2) ( x  1)( x 2  2)
 2x – 1 = A (x 2 + 2) + (Bx + C) (x + 1) ...(i)
Putting x + 1 = 0 or, x = –1 in (i), we get – 3 = A(3)  A = –1.
Comparing coefficients of the like powers of x on both sides of (i), we get
A + B = 0, C + 2A = –1 and C + B = 2
 –1 + B = 0, C – 2 = –1 (Putting A = –1)
 B = 1, C = 1
2x  1 1 x 1
 =– + 2
( x  1)( x 2  2) x 1 x 2

2x  1
Hence  (x  1)(x 2
 2)
dx

1 1 x
= – n |x + 1| + n |x 2 + 2| + tan–1 +C
2 2 2
CASE IV When some of the factors of the denominator g(x) are quadratic and repeating fractions of the

 A (2ax  b) A2 
 A 0 (2ax  b) A1  1

form    +  2 2
2 2
 ax  bx  c ax  bx  c   ax  bx  c
2
2
ax  bx  c    

 A 
2k 1( 2ax  b ) A 2k
+ .......+  2  k

 ax  bx  c
k
 ax 2  bx  c  
The following example illustrates the procedure.

2x  3
Example # 21 Resolve into partial fractions.
( x  1)( x 2  1)2

2x  3 A Bx  C Dx  E
Solution. Let = + 2 + . Then,
( x  1)( x 2  1)2 x 1 x 1 ( x 2
 1)2

2x – 3 = A(x2 + 1)2 + (Bx + C) (x – 1) (x2 + 1) + (Dx + E) (x – 1) ......(i)

1
Putting x = 1 in (i), we get – 1 = A (1 + 1)2  A = –
4
Comparing coefficients of like powers of x on both side of (i), we have
A + B = 0, C – B = 0, 2A + B – C + D = 0, C + E – B – D = 2 and A – C – E = –3.

1
Putting A = – and solving these equations, we get
4
1 1 5
B= = C, D = and E =
4 2 2
2x  3 1 x 1 x5
 = + +
( x  1)( x 2  1)2 4( x  1) 4( x 2  1) 2( x 2  1)2

2x
Example # 22 Resolve 3 into partial fractions.
x 1

2x 2x
Solution. We have, =
3
x 1 ( x  1)( x 2  x  1)

12
Indefinite Integration

2x A Bx  C
So, let 2 = + 2 . Then,
( x  1)( x  x  1) x 1 x  x 1
2x = A (x2 + x + 1) + (Bx + C) (x – 1) .......(i)
2
Putting x – 1 = 0 or, x = 1 in (i), we get 2 = 3 A  A =
3
2
Putting x = 0 in (i), we get A – C = 0  C = A =
3
Putting x = – 1 in (i), we get –2 = A + 2B – 2 C.

2 4 2
 –2= + 2B – B=–
3 3 3

2x 2 1 (– 2 / 3) x  2 / 3 2x 2 1 2 1 x
 3 = . + 2
or 3 = + 2
x 1 3 x 1 x  x 1 x 1 3 x 1 3 x  x 1

d 2
x b
d
x b

a
x
b
x
c
2

a
x

x
c

a
x

x
c

2

5. Integration of type  
,
 
,
   dx

Express ax 2 + bx + c in the form of perfect square & then apply the standard results.

Example # 23 Evaluate :  x 2  2x  5 dx

Solution. We have,

 x 2  2x  5

x 2  2x  1  4 dx =  ( x  1)2  2 2
= 
1 1
= (x + 1) ( x  1)2  2 2 + . (2)2 n |(x + 1) + ( x  1)2  2 2 | + C
2 2
1
= (x + 1) x 2  2x  5 + 2 n |(x + 1) + x 2  2x  5 | + C
2
1
Example # 24 Evaluate : x 2
 x 1
dx

1 1 1
Solution. x 2
 x 1
dx = x 2 1 1
dx =  ( x  1/ 2) 2
 3/4
dx
 x   1
4 4

1 1  x  1/ 2 
=  ( x  1/ 2)   2
3 /2 
2 dx =
3 /2
tan–1 
 3 /2 
 +C


2  2x  1 
= tan–1   + C.

3  3 
dx
Example # 25 Evaluate  2x 2
 x 1

dx 1 dx 1 dx
I  
 2x  x  1 2  x 2  x  1 2  x2  x  1  1  1
Solution : 2

2 2 2 16 1 6 2

13
Indefinite Integration
1 dx 1 dx
2  (x  1 / 4 )2  9 / 16 2  (x  1 / 4 )2  (3 / 4 )2
= 

1 1 x 1 / 4  3 / 4   dx  1 log x  a  c 
= . log c  using, 2 
2 2(3 / 4 ) x 1 / 4  3 / 4   x  a 2 2a xa 

1 x 1 / 2 1 2x 1
= log  c  log c Ans.
3 x 1 3 2 (x  1)

1
Example # 26 Evaluate :  9  8x  x 2
dx

1 1 1
Solution.  9  8x  x 2
dx =  2
 { x  8 x  9}
dx =  2
 { x  8 x  16  25}
dx

1 1 x 4
=   {( x  4) 2 2
5 }
dx =  2
5  ( x  4) 2 dx = sin–1 
 5 
 +C

6. Integration of type
p 2
x
q x

p x
x 2
q b

 
a
x
b
c

   (px  q) ax 2  bx  c dx
a

x
c

dx, dx,
   

Express px + q = A (differential coefficient of denominator) + B.

2x  3
Example # 27 Evaluate :  2
x  4x  1
dx

2x  3
Solution.  2
x  4x  1
dx

( 2x  4)  1
=  x 2  4x  1
dx

2x  4 1
=  x 2  4x  1
dx –  x 2  4x  1
dx

dt 1
=  –  dx, where t = (x 2 + 4x + 1) for Ist integral
t ( x  2) 2   3 2

=2 t – n | (x + 2) + x 2  4x  1 | + C

= 2 x 2  4 x  1 – n | x + 2 + x 2  4x  1 | + C

Example # 28 Evaluate :  ( x  5) x 2  x dx

d
Solution. Let (x – 5) =  . (x2 + x) + . Then,
dx

14
Indefinite Integration

x – 5 = (2x + 1) + .
Comparing coefficients of like powers of x, we get
1 11
1 = 2 and  +  = – 5   = and  = –
2 2
Hence,
 ( x  5) x 2  x dx

1 11 
=   2 (2x  1)  2  x 2  x dx

1 11
=  2 (2x  1) x 2  x dx –  x 2  x dx
2

2 2
1 11  1  1
=
2  t dt –
2  x     
 2 2
dx (where t = x2 + x for first integral)

 2 2
1 t3 / 2 11  1  x  1   x  1    1  
= . –  2 2 
2 3/2 2  2  2 


2
 2 2 
1  1  x  1    x  1    1  
– .   n  
2 2 2  2   2   + C
 

1 3/2 11  2x  1 2 1  1 
= t –  x  x  n  x    x 2  x  +C
3 2  4 8  2 

1 2 11  2x  1 2 1  1 
= (x + x)3/2 –  x  x  n  x    x 2  x  +C
3 2  4 8  2 

3x  2
Example # 29 Evaluate  4x 2
 4x  5
dx

Solution : Express 3x + 2 = (d.c. of 4x2 + 4x + 5) + m

or, 3x + 2 = (8x + 4) + m
Comparing the coefficients, we get
8 = 3 and 4 + m = 2   = 3/8 and m = 2 – 4 = 1/2
3 8x  4 1 dx
 I =  2
dx   2
8 4x  4x  5 2 4x  4x  5
3 1 dx 3 1  1
= log 4 x 2  4 x  5   = log 4 x2  4 x  5  tan 1  x    c Ans.
8 8 5 8 8  2
x2  x 
4

x2  1 x2  1
7. Integrals of the form  x4  Kx2  1 dx OR  x4  Kx2  1 dx where K is any constant.

1
Divide Nr & Dr by x2 & x  = t.
x

Note : Sometimes it is useful to write the integral as a sum of two related integrals, which can be evaluated by
making suitable substitutions e.g.

15
Indefinite Integration

2 x2 x2  1 x2  1 2 x2  1 x2  1
*  x4  1 dx   x4  1 dx   x4  1 dx *  x4  1 dx   x4  1 dx   x 4  1 dx
These integrals can be called as Algebric Twins.

1 x2
Example # 30 Evaluate :  1 x2  x 4
dx

 1 
2 1  2  dx  1 
1 x  x  1
Solution. Let  =  2 4 dx =–  {put x + = t  1  2  dx = dt}
1 x  x 1 x  x 
x2  2  1
x
1
x 1
dt 1 t 1 1 x
 = –  t2  1
=–
2
n
t 1
+C =–
2
n 1
x  1
+C
x

4
Example # 31 Evaluate :  sin 4
x  cos 4 x
dx

1 sin 2 x  cos2 x
Solution : I = 4 dx = 4  sin 4 x  cos4 x dx
sin 4 x  cos 4 x

(tan 2 x  1)cos2 x (tan 2 x  1)sec 2 x

= 4 dx  4  (tan 4 x  1) dx
(tan 4 x  1)cos 4 x

Now, put tanx = t  sec2x dx = dt

1  t2 1 / t2  1
 I = 4 4
dt  4  2 dt
1t t  1 / t2

 1
Now, put t – 1/t = z   1  2  dt = dz
 t 

dz 4 z t 1 / t 1  tan x  1 / tan x 
 I = 4 2
 tan 1  2 2 tan 1 = 2 2 tan  c Ans.
z 2 2 2 2  2 

1
Example # 32 Evaluate : x 4
 5 x2  1
dx

1 2
Solution : I= 
2 x  5 x2  1
4
dx

1 1  x2 1 1  x2 1 1  1 / x2 1 1  1 / x2
 I  4 2
dx   4 2
dx =
2
x 2
 5 1 / x 2
dx   2
2 x  5  1 / x2
dx
2 x  5x 1 2 x  5x 1
r r 2
{dividing N and D by x }

1 (1  1 / x2 ) 1 (1  1 / x2 )dx  1 dt 1 du

2  (x  1 / x)2  7
dx  
2  (x  1 / x)2  3 2 t 2   7 
2
 
2 u 2   3 2

16
Indefinite Integration

1 1
where t = x – and u = x 
x x

1 1  t  1 1  1 u 
I= . tan 1 2.  tan c
2 7  7 3 3

1 1  x 1 / x  1  x  1 / x 
= 2 tan 1   tan 1    c Ans.
 7  7  3  3 

8. Integration of type

dx dx
 (ax  b) px  q
OR  (ax 2
 bx  c ) px  q

Put px + q = t2.

1
Example # 33 Evaluate :  ( x  3) x 1
dx

1
Solution. Let  =  ( x  3) x 1
dx {Put x + 1 = t2  dx = 2t dt}

1 2t
 =  (t 2
 1  3) t 2
dt

dt 1 t2 1 x 1 2
 =2 t 2
2 2 =2.
2( 2)
n
t2
+ C   =
2
n
x 1  2
+ C.

x2
Example # 34 Evaluate :  (x 2
 3 x  3) x  1
dx

x2
Solution. Let  =  (x 2
 3 x  3) x  1
dx

( t 2  1) 2t dt
2
Putting x + 1 = t , and dx = 2t dt, we get  =  {(t 2
 1)2  3( t 2  1)  3} t 2
1
1
( t 2  1) t2 1
 2 t 4 2
 t 1
dt = 2  1
t2  2  1
dt {put t –
t
= u}
t
 1
t
du 2  u  2  t 
=2  u   3
2 2 =
3
tan–1 
 3
 +C=
 3
tan–1  
 3  +C
 

2  t 2  1 2  x 
–1   –1   +C
= tan  t 3  + C = 3 tan
3    3 ( x  1) 

17
Indefinite Integration
9. Integration of type

1 t
dx
 (ax  b) px 2  qx  r
, put ax + b = ;

1 t
dx
 (ax 2
 b) px 2  q
, put x =

dx
Example # 35 Evaluate  ( x  1) x2  x  1

dx 1 1
Solution Let  =  ( x  1) 2
x  x 1
{put x + 1 =
t
dx = – 2 dt }
t

d
t
d
t

d
t
  
 =   1 1  1
2 =  1 1 =  2
t  t 1
t2     1  t  1
t t  t t2 t
d
t

 2
1  1 3 1
=   1 3
2 = – n t 
2
 t   
 2 4
+ C, where t =
x 1
t   
 2 4
d
x

Example # 36 Evaluate  (1  x 2
) 1 x 2

1 1
Solution. Put x =  dx = – dt
t t2
d
t

 =  (t 2
 1) t 2  1
{put t2 – 1 = y2  tdt = ydy }
y
d
y

1  y   1 x2 
=–  (y =– tan–1   + C = – 1 tan–1  
 2
 2) y 2  2 2  2x  +C
 
10. Integration of trigonometric functions
dx dx dx
(i)  a  b sin x 2 OR
x   a  b cos 2 OR  a sin x  b sin x cos x  c cos 2 x
2

Multiply Nr & Dr by sec² x & put tan x = t.

dx dx dx
(ii)  a  b sin x
OR  a  b cos x OR  a  b sin x  c cos x
x
Convert sines & cosines into their respective tangents of half the angles and then, put tan =t
2

a cos x  b. sin x  c
(iii)   . cos x  m. sin x  n dx.

d
Express Nr  A(Dr) + B (Dr) + C & proceed.
dx

18
Indefinite Integration

1
Example # 37 Evaluate :  1  sin x  cos x dx

1
Solution. =  1  sin x  cos x dx

1
=  2 tan x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2
dx
1 
1  tan 2 x / 2 1  tan2 x / 2

1  tan 2 x / 2 sec 2 x / 2
=  1  tan 2 2
x / 2  2 tan x / 2  1  tan x / 2
dx =  2  2 tan x / 2 dx

x 1 x
Putting tan = t and sec2 dx = dt, we get
2 2 2

1 x
=  t 1 dt = n | t + 1| + C = n tan 1 + C
2

dx
Example # 38 Evaluate :  (2 sin x  3 cos x) 2

Solution : Divide numerator and denominator by cos2x

sec 2 xdx
 I =  (2 tan x  3 ) 2

Let 2 tan x  3  t ,  2sec2xdx = dt

1 dt 1 1
I  
2 t 2 =
 c  
2t 2(2 tan x  3 )
c Ans.

3 sin x  2 cos x
Example # 39 Evaluate :  3 cos x  2 sin x dx

3 sin x  2 cos x
Solution. =  3 cos x  2 sin x dx

d
Let 3 sin x + 2 cos x = . (3 cos x + 2 sin x ) +  (3 cos x + 2 sin x)
dx
 3 sin x + 2 cos x =  (3 cos x + 2 sin x ) (–3 sin x + 2 cos x)
Comparing the coefficients of sin x and cos x on both sides, we get
12 5
= and  = –
13 13

(3 cos x  2 sin x )  (–3 sin x  2 cos x )

 =  3 cos x  sin x
dx

3 sin x  2 cos x
=
 1 . dx +  3 cos x  2 sin x dx

dt
=x+ t , where t = 3 cos x + 2 sin x

12 5
=  x +  n | t | + C = x– n | 3 cos x + 2 sin x | + C
13 13

19
Indefinite Integration

3 cos x  2
Example # 40 Evaluate :  sin x  2 cos x  3 dx

Solution. We have,

3 cos x  2
=  sin x  2 cos x  3 dx

Let 3 cos x + 2 =  (sin x + 2 cos x + 3) +  (cos x – 2 sin x) + 

Comparing the coefficients of sin x, cos x and constant term on both sides, we get
 – 2 = 0, 2 +  = 3, 3 +  = 2
6 3 8
 = ,= and  = –
5 5 5

(sin x  2 cos x  3)  (cos x  2 sin x )  

 =  sin x  2 cos x  3
dx

cos x  2 sin x 1
 =  dx    sin x  2 cos x  3 dx +   sin x  2 cos x  3 dx

  =  x +  log | sin x + 2 cos x + 3 | +  1

1
where 1 =  sin x  2 cos x  3 dx

2 tan x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2
Putting, sin x = , cos x = , we get
1  tan 2 x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2

1
1 =  2 tan x / 2 2(1  tan 2 x / 2)
dx
 3
1  tan2 x / 2 1  tan 2 x / 2

1  tan 2 x / 2
=  2 tan x / 2  2  2 tan 2
x / 2  3(1  tan 2 x / 2)
dx

sec 2 x / 2
=  tan 2
x / 2  2 tan x / 2  5
dx

x 1 x x
Putting tan = t and sec 2 = dt or sec 2 dx = 2 dt, we get
2 2 2 2
2dt
1 = t 2
 2t  5

 x 
dt  t  1  tan  1 
2 2
=2  (t  1) 2
 22
=
2
tan–1 
 2 
 = tan–1 
 2


 
 

 x 
 tan  1 
 2  +C
Hence,  = x +  log | sin x + 2 cos x + 3 | +  tan–1
 2 
 
 
6 3 8
where  = ,= and  = –
5 5 5

20
Indefinite Integration

dx
Example # 41 Evaluate :  1 3 cos 2
x
Solution. Multiply Nr. & Dr. of given integral by sec2x, we get

sec 2 x dx 1  tan x 
=  2
tan x  4
=
2
tan–1 
 2 
 +C

m
11. Integration of type  sin x.cosn x dx
Case - 
If m and n are even natural number then converts higher power into higher angles.
Case - 
If at least one of m or n is odd natural number then if m is odd put cosx = t and vice-versa.
Case -
When m + n is a negative even integer then put tan x = t.

5
Example # 42 Evaluate :  sin x cos 4 x dx

5
Solution. Let  =  sin x cos 4 x dx put cos x = t  – sinx dx = dt

2 2 4
 =–  (1  t ) . t4 . dt = –  (t  2t 2  1) t4 dt = –  (t
8
 2t 6  t 4 ) dt

t9 2t 7 t5 cos 9 x cos7 x cos 5 x

=– + – +C =– +2 – +C
9 7 5 9 7 5
1/ 3
Example # 43 Evaluate :  (sin x) (cos x ) 7 / 3 dx

1 7
Solution. Here m + n = – = – 2 (a negative integer)
3 3

1/ 3 1
  (sin x) (cos x ) 7 / 3 dx =  (tan x)
1/ 3
dx {put tanx = t  sec 2x dx = dt}
cos 2 x

1/ 3 3 4/3 3
= t dt =
4
t +C =
4
(tanx)4/3 + C

2
Example # 44 Evaluate :  sin x cos 4 x dx

1 2
Solution.
8  sin 2x(1  cos 2x )dx

1 2 1 2
=
8  sin 2x dx +
8  sin 2x cos 2x dx

1 1  sin3 2x 
 
=
16  (1  cos 4 x ) dx 
16  3 
 

x sin 4 x sin 3 2x
= – + +C
16 64 48

21
Indefinite Integration

n n n
12. Reduction formula of
 tann x dx ,  cot x dx ,
 sec x dx ,  cos ec x dx
n 2
1. n =  tan x dx =  tan x tann2 x dx =  (sec
2
x  1) tann – 2x dx

2
 n =  sec x tann2 x dx – n – 2

tann1 x
 n = – n – 2 , n  2
n 1
n 2
2. n =  cot x dx =  cot x . cot n2 x dx = 2
 (cos ec x  1) cot
n 2
x dx

2
 n =  cos ec x cot n2 x dx – n – 2

cot n1 x
 n = – – n – 2 , n  2
n 1
n 2
3. n =  sec x dx =  sec x sec n 2 x dx

 n = tanx sec n – 2x –  (tan x)(n  2) sec x. secx tanx dx.

n–3

 n = tanx sec n – 2 x – (n – 2)  (sec x – 1) sec x dx2 n–2

 (n – 1) n = tanx secn – 2x + (n – 2) n – 2
tan x sec n2 x n2
n = + 
n 1 n 1 n– 2
n 2
4. n =  cos ec x dx =  cos ec x cosec n – 2 x dx

  (cot x)(n  2) (– cosec x cosec x cot x) dx

n = – cotx cosec n – 2x + n–3

2 n 2
 – cotx cosec x – (n – 2)  cot x cos ec x dx
n–2

2
  = – cotx cosec x – (n – 2)  (cos ec x  1) cosec
n
n–2
x dx n–2

 (n – 1) n = – cotx cosec n – 2 x + (n – 2) n – 2
cot x cos ec n 2 x n2
n = + 
– n  1 n 1 n– 2

Example # 45 Obtain reducation formula for n =  sin x dx. Hence evaluate  sin x dx
n 4

Solution. n =  (sin x) (sin x) n –1

dx


= – cos x (sin x)n–1 + (n – 1)  (sin x) n–2

cos 2x dx

= – cos x (sin x)n–1 + (n – 1)  (sin x) n–2

(1 – sin2x) dx
n = – cos x (sin x)n–1 + (n – 1) n–2 – (n – 1) n
cos x(sin x )n1 (n  1)
 n = – + n–2 (n  2)
n n
cos x(sin x )3 3   cos x(sin x )  1 x 
  +C
Hence 4 = – +
4 4  2 2 

22
Indefinite Integration

cos 4 xdx
Example # 46 Evaluate  3
sin 3 x{sin 5 x  cos 5 x}5
cos 4 x cos 4 x cot 4 xcosec2 xdx
Solution : I=  3
dx =  3
dx = 
(1 + cot 5 x)3 / 5
sin 3 x{sin 5 x  cos 5 x} 5 sin 6 x{1  cot 5 x} 5

Put 1 + cot5x = t
5cot4x cosec2xdx = –dt
1 dt 1 1 2/ 5
=  3 / 5
  t 2 / 5  c   1  cot 5 x  c Ans.
5 t 2 2

dx
Example # 47  cos 6
x  sin 6 x
is equal to -

(A) n|tanx – cotx|+ c (B) n|cotx – tanx|+ c

(C) tan–1(tanx – cotx) + c (D) tan–1(–2cot2x) + c

sec 6 x
dx (1  tan 2 x)2 sec 2 xdx
Solution : Let I =  cos 6
x  sin 6 x
=
 1  tan 6 x dx =  1  tan 6 x
If tan x = p, then sec2 x dx = dp
 1 
p 2 1  2 
(1  p 2 )2 dp (1  p 2 )  p 
 I = 
1  p6
  p 4  p 2  1 dp =   1 
dp
p 2  p 2  2  1
 p 

dk  1  1  
= k  tan 1 (k)  c  where p   k,  1  2  dp  dk 
2
1  p  p  
 1
= tan–1  p    c  tan 1 (tan x  cot x)  c = tan–1(–2cot2x) + c Ans. (C,D)
 p

2 sin 2 x  cos x
Example # 48 Evaluate :  6  cos 2
dx
x  4 sin x
2 sin 2 x  cos x (4 sin x  1)cos x (4 sin x  1)cos x
Solution : I = dx =  dx   2 dx
6  cos 2 x  4 sin x 6  (1  sin 2 x)  4 sin x sin x  4 sin x  5
Put sin x = t, so that cos x dx = dt.
(4 t  1)dt
 I=  (t 2
 4t  5)
...... (i)

Now, let (4t – 1) = (2t – 4) + µ

Comparing coefficients of like powers of t, we get
2 = 4, –4 + µ = –1 ...... (ii)
 = 2, µ = 7
2(2 t  4 )  7
 I = dt {using (i) and (ii)}
t2  4 t  5
2t  4 dt dt
= 2 dt  7  2 = 2log t 2  4 t  5  7
t2  4 t  5 t  4t  5  t2  4 t  4  4  5
dt
= 2log t 2  4 t  5  7  = 2log|t2 – 4t + 5|+7 . tan–1 (t – 2) + c
2 2
(t  2 )  (1)
= 2log|sin2x – 4sinx + 5| + 7 tan–1(sinx – 2) + c. Ans.

23
Indefinite Integration

3x  1 
Example # 49 The value of  . sin 1  3  x  dx, is equal to -
3x  6 
2
  
1 1  x   2 1  x 
(A) 4 
 3 cos     2 9  x . cos    2 x   c
 3  3 
  
2
  
1 1  x   2 1  x 
(B) 
 3 cos     2 9  x . sin    2 x   c
4    3  3  
2
  
1 1  x   2 1  x 
(C) 
 3 sin     2 9  x . sin    2 x   c
4
   3  3  
(D) none of these

3x  1 
Solution : Here, I =  . sin 1  3  x  dx
3x  6 
Put x = 3cos2 dx = –6sin2d
3  3 cos 2   1 
=  . sin 1  3  3 cos 2   (–6 sin 2)d
3  3 cos 2   6 
sin  1
=  cos  . sin (sin  ).(6 sin 2  )d = – 6  .(2 sin 2 )d

 2 
= – 6  (1  cos 2 )d = – 6  2    cos 2  d 
 
2
   sin 2   sin 2     2  sin 2  cos 2  
= – 6      1.   d  = – 3   6   c
2  2  2 2 4 
  
2
  
1 1  x   2 1  x 
= 
 3 cos     2 9  x . cos    2 x   c Ans. (A)
4  3  3 
  
 
tan   x 
Example # 50 Evaluate : 4  dx
 cos 2
x tan 3 x  tan 2 x  tan x

 
tan   x 
4  (1  tan 2 x)dx
Solution : I =  cos dx = 
2
x tan 3 x  tan 2 x  tan x (1  tan x)2 cos2 x tan 3 x  tan 2 x  tan x

 1  2
 1   sec xdx
 tan 2 x 
I= 
 1  1
 tan x  2   tan x  1 
tan x tan x

1  1 
let, y tan x  1   2 y dy   sec 2 x  .sec 2 x dx
tan x  tan 2 x 

2 ydy dy
 I=  (y = –2 
2
 1).y 1  y2

 1 
= – 2tan–1 y + c = –2tan–1  tan x  1  c Ans.
 tan x 

24
Indefinite Integration

Exercise-1 (Bronze)
PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Integration using Standard Integral and Substitution :
A-1. Integrate with respect to x :
7 2
(i) (7x + 3) (ii) sin (5x- 7) (iii) sec (-2x + 5) (iv) sec (2-3x)
6x+4 1 -5x + 5
(v) tan (9x + 1) (vi) 6 (vii) (viii) e
2x  1

A-2. Integrate with respect to x :

2 3
(i) sin x (ii) cos x (iii) sin 2x cos 3x
x 3x 1
(iv) 4 sin x cos cos (v)
2 2 x3  x2

A-3. Integrate with respect to x :

2 x 1 sin x cos2x  x  1
(i) x sin x (ii) (iii) (iv)
x 1
2
x  cos x x 2  sin2x  2x
2
sec x x  1 
(vii)  e x  x 
x 2 x
(v) (vi) (viii) (e + 1) e
n sec x  tan x  x2  e 
1
(ix)

x x 1
5


d x2  1 .
A-4. Find the value of  x 2
 2

dx
A-5. Evaluate :  [(x  1)(2  x)] 3/2

dx
A-6. Evaluate :  [(x  2) 8
( x  1)6 ]1/ 7

A-7. Evaluate the following :

 x 
  ln x  1 
 x cos x  sin x   x 1
(i)  
 x sin x
dx

(ii)   x ln x  1 
dx
 
 

  1 x  
ln ln  
  1  x   dx
A-8. Evaluate  1 x2

x 5  3x 4  x 3  8x 2  x  8
A-9. Evaluate  x2  1
dx

25
Indefinite Integration

3
(1 4 x )
A-10. Evaluate  x
dx

Section (B) : Integration by parts :

B-1. Integrate with respect to x :

2 –1
(i) x  n x (ii) x sin x (iii) x tan x (iv)  n x
3 3 2
–1 x 2 tan1x
(v) sec x (vi) 2x e x (vii) sin x (viii)
1 x 2
x x 2
(ix) e sin x (x) e (sec x + tan x)

–2
B-2. Find the antiderivative of f(x) = ln (ln x) + (ln x) whose graph passes through (e, e).

Section (C) : Algebraic integral :

C-1. Integrate with respect to x :

1 1 x 1
(i) 2 (ii) 2 (iii)
x 5 x  2x  5 x x3
2

x 13
(iv) (v) x 2  2x  5 (vi) (x – 1) 1 x  x 2
x x
3

6x  5
(vii) x 5 a3  x 3 (viii) (ix) ( x  1) 1  x  x 2
3x  5x  1
2

C-2. Integrate with respect to x :

1 1
(i)
x  1x  2
(ii)
x  1x  3
2

3x  2 1
(iii) (iv)
x  1 x  2
2 x  1x  2x  3

C-3. Integrate with respect to x :

1 x2 1
(i) (ii)
x4  x2  1 x 4  7x 2  1

C-4. Evaluate :  tan x dx

C-5. Integrate with respect to x :

1 1 1 1
(i)
x  1 x  2
(ii) 2
x  4 x 1   (iii)
x  1 x 2
2
(iv)
x 2

 1 x2  2
1 1 1
(v) (vi) (vii)
( x  1) 1  x  x 2 (2x 2  1) 1  x 2 ( x 2  2x  2) x 2  2x  4

C-6. Evaluate the following :

 1 x  x3  x 1 x 
(i)  
 x 
dx (ii)  x4
dx (iii)  
 1 x

dx


26
Indefinite Integration

Section (D) : Integration of trigonometric functions :

D-1. Integrate with respect to x :

1 4 sin x  5 cos x 1
(i) (ii) (iii)
2  cos x 5 sin x  4 cos x 2  sin 2 x
cosec 2 x.sinx sin 4 x
(iv) (v)
sin x  cos x cos2 x

D-2. Evaluate the following

 sin x  cos x   cos x  sin x 
(i)   9  16 sin 2x dx (ii)   8  sin 2x 
dx

Section (E) : Reduction formulae

1 x 2n  3
E-1.  If n =  x 2
a 
2 n
dx then prove that In =

2a n  1 x  a
2 2

2 n1

2n  1a 2
n–1

2xn a  x 3/2
x n a  x 1/2dx then prove that n =
2an
E-2.  If n =  2n  3
n–1 –
2n  3

dx dx
E-3. Deduce the reduction formula for n =  (1  x 4 n
)
and Hence evaluate 2 =  (1  x 4 2
)
.

PART - II : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Section (A) : Integration using Standard Integral and Substitution :

1 x 
A-1. If  1 sin x dx = tan  2  a  + C, then
π π 5π π
(A) a = – , C R (B) a = , C R (C) a = , C R (D) a = , C R
4 4 4 3

 sin2x  cos2x  dx =
1
A-2. If sin (2x – a) + C, then
2
5π 5π π π
(A) a = , C R (B) a = – , C R (C) a = , C R (D) a = , C R
4 4 4 2

cos 2x
A-3. The value of  cos x dx is equal to

(A) 2 sin x –  n |sec x + tan x| + C (B) 2 sin x –  n |sec x – tan x| + C

(C) 2 sin x +  n |sec x + tan x| + C (D) sin x –  n |sec x – tan x| + C

cos 4x  1
A-4. If  cot x  tan x dx = A cos 4x + B; where A & B are constants, then
(A) A = 1/4 & B may have any value (B) A = 1/8 & B may have any value
(C) A = 1/2 & B = 1/4 (D) A = B = ½

27
Indefinite Integration

x
a
A-5. The value of  x
dx is equal to

x
a 2a x x x
(A) +C (B) +C (C) 2a .n a + C (D) 2a +C
x n a

5x


x
A-6. The value of 5 5 .55 .5 x dx is equal to
x x 5x
55 55 55
(A) C (B) 5 5x
n 5 3
C (C) C (D) C
n 53 n 53 n 52

2x

–1 x
A-7. If dx = K sin (2 ) + C, then the value of K is equal to
1 4 x

1 1 1
(A)  n 2 (B) n 2 (C) (D)
2 2 n2

dx
A-8. If y =  1 x  2 3/2
and y = 0 when x = 0, then value of y when x = 1, is:

2 1
(A) (B) 2 (C) 3 2 (D)
3 2

cos x  sin x
A-9. Evaluate:
7  9 sin 2x 
dx

1 ( 4  3 sin x  3 cos x ) 1 ( 4  3 sin x  3 cos x )

(A) ln C (B) ln C
4 ( 4  3 sin x  3 cos x ) 24 ( 4  3 sin x  3 cos x )
1 (3 sin x  3 cos x ) 1 (3 sin x  3 cos x )
(C) ln C (D) ln C
4 ( 3 sin x  3 cos x ) 24 ( 3 sin x  3 cos x )

 tan 2x sec 2 x dx is equal to :

3
A-10. The value of
1 1 1 1
sec 2 x  sec 2 x + C (B)  sec 2 x  sec 2 x + C
3 3
(A)
3 2 6 2
1 1 1 1
sec 2 x  sec 2 x + C
3 3
(C) (D) sec 2 x + sec 2 x + C
6 2 3 2

 x .1 x 
13/2 5/2 1/2 5/2 7/2 5/2 5/2 5/2 3/2
A-11. If dx = P (1 + x ) + Q (1 + x ) + R (1 + x ) + C, then P,Q and R are
4 8 4 4 8 4
(A) P = ,Q=– ,R= (B) P = ,Q= ,R=
35 25 15 35 25 15
4 8 4 4 8 4
(C) P = – ,Q=– ,R= (D) P = ,Q=– ,R=–
35 25 15 35 25 15

1 x 7
A-12. The value of  x1 x  dx is equal to
7

2 2
(B)  n |x|   n |1 x | + C
7 7
(A)  n |x| +  n|1 + x | + C
7 7
2 2
(C)  n |x|   n |1 + x | + C  n |1 x | + C
7 7
(D)  n |x| +
7 7

28
Indefinite Integration

(ax 2  b) dx
A-13. The value of x c 2 x 2  (ax2  b)2
is equal to

 ax 2  b   ax 2  b 
(A) sin 1 k (B) cos 1  k
 cx   cx 
   
 ax 2  b   ax 2  b 
(C) sin 1  k (D) cos 1  k
 cx   cx 
   

Section (B) : Integration by parts :

1  1  x  x
2 
B-1. The value of  e tan x 
 1 x 2 

 dx is equal to

1 1 1 tan1x 1
(A) xe tan x
+C (B) x 2 e tan x
+C (C) e +C (D) xecot x
+C
x

B-2. The value of [f(x)g”(x) – f”(x)g(x)] dx is equal to

f x 
(A) +C (B) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x) + C
g' x 
(C) f(x) g(x) – f(x) g(x) + C (D) f(x) g(x) + f(x) g(x) + C

e x (2  x 2 )
B-3. The value of  (1  x) 1 x2
dx is equal to :

1 x 1 x2
(A) e x c (B) e x c
1 x 1 x 2
1 x2 1 x
(C) e x c (D) e x c
1 x 2 1 x

xnx
B-4.  x 2
1  3/2
dx equals

nx –1 nx
(A) arc sec x – +C (B) sec x+ +C
x2 1 x2 1
–1 nx nx
(C) cos x – +C (D) sec x – +C
x2 1 x2 1

x  x  dx is equal to :
x
e
B-5.  x
(A) 2e  x  x  1 C
x
(B) 2e x
x  2 x  1 C
(C) 2e x  x  1 C
x
(D) 2e x
x  x  1 C
x n x
B-6.  (x 2
 1)3 / 2
dx equals

ln ln
(A) arc cos x – C (B) arc sec x – C
x 1
2
x2  1
ln ln
(C) arc sec x  C (D) arc cosec x – C
x2  1 x2  1
29
Indefinite Integration

Section (C) : Algebraic integral :

1
C-1. The value of  x  1 x  2 
3 5 1/4
dx is equal to

1/4 1/4 1/4 1/4

4  x 1  4 x2 1  x 1  1  x  1
(A)   C (B)   C (C)   C (D)   C
3 x2 3  x 1  3 x2 3  x  1

1
C-2. The value of  x x 2 4
1 3/4
dx is equal to

1/4 1/4 1/4

 1   1   1 
(A) 1 4  (C) 1 4  (D) – 1 4 
4 1/4
+C (B) (x + 1) +C +C +C
 x   x   x 

dx
C-3. The value of x 1 x 3
is equal to

1 1 x 3  1 1 1 x 2  1
(A) n C (B) n C
3 1 x 3  1 3 1 x 2  1

1 1 1
C
3
(C) n (D) n |1 – x | + C
3 1 x 3 3

ex 1
C-4. The value of
ex  1  dx is equal to

(A) n e x  e 2x  1  – sec (e ) + C (B) n e x  e 2x  1  + sec (e ) + C

–1 x –1 x
   
(C) n e x  e 2x  1 – sec (e ) + C (D) n e x  e 2x  1  – sin (e ) + C
–1 x –1 x
   

dx A B x
C-5. If xx 4
x 3
 2

x
 n
x 1
+ C, then

1 1 1 1 1
(A) A = , B = 1 (B) A = 1, B = – (C) A = – ,B=1 (D) A = – ,B=
2 2 2 2 2

Section (D) : Integration of trigonometric functions :

cos2x
D-1. The value of  sinx  cosx  2
dx is equal to

1
(A) +C (B)  n (sin x + cos x) + C
sinx  cosx
2
(C)  n (sin x – cos x) + C (D)  n (sin x + cos x) + C

D-2. The value of [1tanx . tan(x )] dx is equal to

sinx sin x
(A) cos .  n +C (B) tan .  n +C
sinx  α  sinx  α 
sec x  α cosx  α 
(C) cot .  n +C (D) cot .  n +C
sec x cos x
dx
D-3. The value of  sec x  cosec x is equal to

30
Indefinite Integration

1  1  x   1  1  x  
(A) ln sin x  cos x  ln tan    C (B) ln sin x  cos x  ln tan    C
2  2  2 8  2  2  2 8 
1  1  x  1  1  x 
(C) ln sin x  cos x  ln tan   C (D) ln sin x  cos x  ln tan   C
2  2  2  2  2  2 

D-4. The value of  secx 1 dx is equal to

 x x 1  x x 1
(A) 2  n  cos  cos2   + C (B)  n  cos  cos2   + C
 2 2 2   2 2 2 
 
 x x 1  x x 1
(C) –2  n  cos  cos2   + C (D) –2  n  sin  cos2   + C
 2 2 2   2 2 2 
 

dx
D-5. The value of  cos x 3
sin2x
is equal to

 1   1 
(A) 2  cos x  tan5/2 x  + C (B) 2  tan x  tan5/2 x  + C
 5   5 
 1   1 
(C) 2  tan x  tan5/2 x  + C (D) 2  cos x  tan5/2 x 
 5   5 

sin 2 x
D-6. Ant derivative of w.r.t. x is :
1 sin 2 x
2 1  tan x 
(A) x  arctan ( 2 tan x) + C (B) x  arctan   + C
2 2  2 
 tan x 
(C) x  2 arctan ( 2 tan x) + C (D) x  2 arctan   + C
 2 
1
D-7. Integrate
1 cot x
1 1 1 1
(A) log | sinx  cosx | + x+C (B) log | sinx  cosx | + x+C
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
(C) log | sinx  cosx |  x+C (D) log | sinx  cosx |  x+C
2 2 2 2

dx
D-8. I=  sin x  sec x is equal to
1 3  sinx  cosx –1
(A) log + tan (sin x + cos x) + C
2 3 3  sinx  cosx 
1 3  sinx  cosx –1
(B) log + tan (sin x  cos x) + C
2 3 3  sinx  cosx 
1 3  sinx  cosx –1
(C) log + tan (sin x  cos x) + C
2 3 3  sinx  cosx 
1 3  sinx  cosx –1
(D) log + tan (sin x  cos x) + C
2 3 3  sinx  cosx 

Section (E) : Reduction formulae

31
Indefinite Integration

ex  ex 1
E-1. If n = x n
dx and n =
k1xn1

k2 1
n–1, then (k2 – k1) is equal to :

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

 u2 u9 
E-2. If n = 
cotn x dx and 0 + 1 + 2 (2 + .....+ 8) + 9 + 10 = A  u 

 2
 ..... 
9 
+ C, where u = cot x

and C is an arbitrary constant, then

(A) A = 2 (B) A = – 1 (C) A = 1 (D) A is dependent on x

Exercise-2 (Silver)
PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE
1
1. Value of  sinx  acosx  b dx is equal to
1 sin x  a 1 cos x  b
(A) n +C (B) n +C
cosa  b cos x  b cosa  b sin x  a
1 sin x  a 1 cos x  a
(C) n +C (D) n +C
sin a  b cos x  b sin a  b sin x  b

 sin x  sin 3x  sin 5x  sin 7 x  sin 9x  sin 11x  sin 13x  sin 15x 
2.   cos x  cos 3x  cos 5x  cos 7x  cos 9x  cos11x  cos13x  cos15x  dx
1 1
(A) ln (sec 4x )  C (B) ln (sec 16x )  C
4 16
1 1
(C) ln (sec 2x )  C (D) ln (sec 8x )  C
2 8

a2  x 2
3.  x
a2  x 2
dx =

1 2  x2 
(A) a cos1  2  + 1 a4  x 4 + C
2 a  2
 
1  x2 
(B) sin1  2  + a4  x 4 + C
2 a 
 
1 2  x2 
(C) a sin1  2  + 1 a4  x 4 + C
2 a  2
 
1  x2 
(D) cos1  2  + 1 a4  x 4 + C
2 a  2
 

32
 Indefinite Integration

x2  x
4.  (e x  x  1)2 dx =

1
(A) C + ln(1 + (x + 1)e–x) +
1  ( x  1)e  x
1
. (B) C – ln(1 + (x + 1)e–x) –
1  ( x  1)e  x
(C) C – ln(1 + (x + 1)e–x)
1
(D) C – ln(1 + (x + 1)ex) –
1  ( x  1)e x

 π x 
5. The value of  In1 sinx  x tan 4  2  dx is equal to:
(A) x  n (1 + sinx) + C (B)  n (1 + sin x) + C
(C) – x  n (1 + sin x) + C (D)  n (1 – sin x) + C

dx
6.  ( x  ) ( x   ) ( x  )
equals

2 x  2 x
(A) C (B) C
  x   x 
2 x 2 x 
(C) C (D) C
  x    x

1 x
7. The value of dx is equal to
1 x
(A) x 1 x  2 1 x  cos1 x  C   (B)  
x 1 x  2 1 x  cos1 x  C
(C) x 1 x  2 1 x  cos1  x  C (D) x 1 x  2 1 x  cos1  x  C
tan 2
8.  cos6   sin 6 
d equals

 1  1  cos2 2   1  1  3 cos2 2 
(A)  n   C (B)  n   C
 cos 2   sin 2 
   
 1  3 cos2 2   1  1  3 cos2 2 
(C)  n   C (D)  n   C
 cos 2   cos 2 
   

 x x (nx) dx  Ax (nx)  Bx  C , then B

2 nx 3 nx 2 nx A
9. If I = is equal to
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) –2

10. The value of e

tanθ
sec θ sin θd θ is equal to
(A)  e tanθ sin θ C (B) e tanθ sin θ C (C) e tanθ sec θ C (D) e tanθcos θ C

cot x dx x x x
11. If  (1 sin x)(sec x  1) = A ln tan
2
 B sec 2  C tan  D then value of 2A + 4B + 5C is
2 2

(A) 1 (B) –7 (C) 7 (D) –2

33
Indefinite Integration

x tan1x
12. If  1 x 2
dx  1 x 2 f(x) + A  n x  x 2  1 + C, then
–1 –1
(A) f(x) = tan x, A = –1 (B) f(x) = tan x, A = 1
–1 –1
(C) f(x) = 2 tan x , A = –1 (D) f(x) = 2 tan x, A = 1

x  x 1
13.  x2
dx

(A) (x+ 1) – 2 x  1 2  nx + 2 2tan1 x  1 + C

(B) (x+ 1) + 2 x  2 2  nx + 2 2tan1 x  2 + C
(C) (x+ 1) + 2 x  1 2  nx + 2 2tan1 x  1 + C
(D) (x+ 1) + 2 x  2 2  nx + 1 2tan1 x  2 + C

sin x  sin 3 x
14. If =  cos 2x
dx = A cosx + B  n |f(x)| + C, then

1 2cos x  1 3 2cos x  1
, f x   , f x  
1 1
(A) A  ,B  (B) A   ,B 
4 2 2cos x  1 2 4 2 2cos x  1
2cos x  1 3 2cos x  1
, f x   , f x  
1 3 1
(C) A   , B  (D) A  ,B 
2 2 2cos x  1 2 4 2 2cos x  1

 sinx  cosx  sinx  cosx n1sinx  cosx   2k In2 then k =

1
15. If n = n
dx , and n =
n n
(A) (n + 1) (B) (n – 1) (C) (2n+ 1) (D) (2n– 1)

PART - II : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

2 .3nx dx (when m, n N) is equal to :

mx
1. The value of

2mx  3 nx e mn2nn3  2mx.3nx mn.2x.3 x

(A)
mn2  nn3
+C (B)
mn2  nn3
+C (C)

n 2m.3n  +C (D)
mn2  nn3
+C

 1 x 
2. If f   = x and g(x) =  f(x)dx then
 1 x 
(A) g(x) is continuous in domain (B) g(x) is discontinuous at two points in its domain
x2  1 x 
(C) lim g'(x) = –1 (D) gx dx  
  2x  1n C
x  2  e 

If =  tan xdx = A tan x –

5 4 1 2
3. tan x +B  n |sec x| + C then
2
1 1
(A) A = (B) A = (C) B = 1 (D) B = – 1
4 2

cosec x  cot x sec x

4. The value of  .
cosec x  cot x 1  2 sec x
dx is equal to

1  x 1 1 x
(A) sec 1  2 cos2   C (B) sin 1  sec 2   C
2  2  2  2 2 
1 x  x
(C) sin 1 sec 2   C (D) sec 1  2 cos2   C
2 2  2

34
Indefinite Integration

 1 2tan xtan x  sec x 

1/2
5. The value of dx is equal to
(A)  n |sec x (sec x – tan x)| + C (B)  n |cosec x (sec x + tan x)| + C
(C)  n |sec x (sec x + tan x)| + C (D) –  n |cosx(sec x – tan x)|+ C

 x  1
n 
 x  1  dx is equal to
6. The value of
x2 1 
1 x 1 1 x 1 1 2 x 1 1 2 x 1
(A) n2 C (B) n2 C (C) n C (D) n C
2 x 1 4 x 1 2 x 1 4 x 1

x  1 dx f x 
7. If x 2x  2x  1
2 2

gx 
+ C, where f(x) is a quadratic expression and g(x) is a monic linear

expression.
2
(A) f(x) = 2x – 2x + 1 (B) g(x) = x + 1
2
(C) g(x) = x (D) f(x) = 2x – 2x

8. Let f (x) = tan1x + ln 1 x  ln 1 x

 (1  x )f ' (x)dx  tan x  C

2 1
(A)

 (1 x )f ' (x)dx  2 tan x  C

2 1
(B)
1
(C) Integration of f  (x) w.r.t. x4 is  ln (1  x4) + C
2
1
(D) Integration of f  (x) w.r.t. x4 is ln (1  x4) + C
2

sin 1 x  cos1 x
9. I=  sin 1
x  cos1 x
dx equals to

(A) – x +
2
2x  1sin 1 x  2 x  x 2  C (B) x –
4x 2
cos1 x  sin 1 x 
2
x 1 x  C
π π π π π

(C) –x + 2x  1cos1 x 

2 2 4x
x 1 x  C (D) x – sin 1 x  C
π π π

x2  x  1
 1 x 
x x
10. If e dx = e f(x) + C then
2 3/2

(A) f(x) is a an even function (B) f(x) is a bounded function

(C) Range of f(x) is (0, 1] (D) f(x) has two points of extrema.

x 2  cos2 x

2
11. The value of cosec x dx is equal to:
1 x 2

(A) cot x cot1 x + C (B) C cot x + cot1 x

cosec x 1
(C) tan1 x 
sec x
+C (D) 
tan1x
– cot x + C

dx
12. The value of  x  x (1  x ) 
2
is equal to

2 1 2 1
(A)  2n(1  t )   C; t  1  (B) 2n(1  t )   C; t  1 
1 t x 1 t x
t 1 t 2
(C) 2 ln   C when t = x + x2  x (D) ln   C when t = x + x2  x
2t  1 2t  1 2t  1 2t  1
35
Indefinite Integration

13. The value of 2 sin x . cosec 4x dx is equal to

1 1 2sinx 1 1 sinx 1 1 2sinx 1 1 sinx
(A) n  n C (B) n  n C
2 2 1 2sinx 4 1 sinx 2 2 1 2sinx 2 cos x

1 1 2sinx 1 1 sinx 1 1 2sinx 1 1 sinx

(C) n  n C (D)  n  n C
2 2 1 2sinx 4 1 sinx 2 2 1 2sinx 4 1 sinx

sin 2x
14. The value of  sin x  cos
4 4
x
dx is equal to:

(A) cot1 (cot x) + C (B) cot1 (tan x) + C

2 2

(C) tan1 (tan x) + C (D) tan1 (cos 2 x) + C

2

Exercise-3 (Gold)
PART - I : SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE

4  x2 a  x  .x 2 3/2 2
b  + C then a + b equals to :
1. If  x 6
dx 
120x 5

x d 1 x 3/2 
2. If  a3  x 3
dx 
b
sin
 a3/2 
 
+ C, (where b & d are co prime integer) then b + d equals to.

3. If 
x dx
 k 1 1 x  + C then k equals to :
2

1 x 2  1 x 2 3

cos2 x  sin 2x   
4. The value integral  (2 cos x  sin x) 2
dx where x    , 
 2 2
1 1 a a
is  x  ln sec x  ln | 2  tan x |  C then lcm of a and b is
a  tan x b b b

xcos3 x  sin x π π

5. If  e sinx dx  e sinxf x  + C such that f(0) = –1 then  f   is equal to :
cos x 2 3 3

1 2cos x π
6. Let g(x) =  cos x  2 2
dx and g(0) = 0 then value of 32 g   is.
2

–1
If f(x) = x  1 ; g(x) = e and  fog(x)dx = Afog(x) + Btan
x 3 2
7. (fog(x)) + C then A + B equals

( x  1) dx t4 t2 t 1 1 
8. If 
x (3 x  1)
= 6 
 a
  ln (1  t 2 )  tan1 t   C where t = x1/6
b c d e 
then a + b + c + d + e is
36
 Indefinite Integration

2sin2  cos
 6  cos   4sin d= p  n | sin 4 sin5 | + q tan1(sinr) + C then p + q + r equal to :
2
9. If 2

x  12 1  x 2  1 b  2x2  1
10. If x 4
 x2  1
dx 
a
tan1
 x 3 


 a
tan1

 3
 + C then a2 + b2 equals to :



1 x cos x x 2 e 2sin x
11. If  1 x 2
e 2sin x
dx  kn
1 x 2 e 2sin x
+ C then k is equal to :

f ( x ) dx
12. Let f (x) is a quadratic function such that f (0) = 1 and x 2
( x  1)3
is a rational function, find the value

of f ' (0).

13. If
1
 1 sin x dx  a
4
1
b

tan1 atanx   1
b
a
tan x + C then is equal to :
b

cos3 x  cos5 x q
 sin x  sin x
–1
14. If 2 4
dx = p sin x – – r tan (sin x) + C then p + 2q + r is equal to :
sin x

PART - II : MATCH THE COLUMN & COMPREHENSIONS

1. Column – I Column – II

x  sinx π
(A) If F(x) =  1 cosx dx and F(0) = 0, then the value of F(/2) is (p)
2

1  x  π
(B) Let F(x) =  e sin x 1

 1 x 2
 dx and F(0) = 1,


(q)
3

k 3 e π /6
If F(1/2) = , then the value of k is
π

dx π
(C) Let F(x) =  x 2

1 x2  9  and F(0) = 0, (r)
4
5
if F( 3 ) = k, then the value of k is
36
tan x
(D) Let F(x) =  sin xcos x dx and F(0) = 0 (s) 

2k
 if F(/4) = , then the value of k is
π

37
 Indefinite Integration

2. Column-I Column-II
x 14  1 x 2  1 x 4 
(A) x dx (P) ln   +C
 x 
2
x4  x2  1  
x2  1  1 x 4  2x 
ln  
1
(B) x 1 x 4
dx (Q) C–
2  x 1
2 
 
1 x2 –1 1
(C)  (1  x 2
) 1 x 4
dx (R) C – tan 1
x4
1

1 x4  x2  1
(D)  dx (S)
x
+C
(1  x 4 ) 1 x 4  x 2

Comprehension # 1 (Q.No. 3 to 5 )

Let n, m =  sin x cosm x.dx . Then we can relate  n, m with each of the following
n

(i) In – 2, m (ii) n + 2, m (iii) n, m – 2

(iv) n, m + 2 (v) n – 2, m + 2 (vi) n + 2, m – 2

Suppose we want to establish a relation between n, m and n, m – 2, then we set
n+1 m–1
P(x) = sin x cos x ...........(1)
In n,m and n, m – 2 the exponent of cosx is m and m – 2 respectively, the minimum of the two is m – 2,
adding 1 to the minimum we get m – 2 + 1 = m – 1. Now choose the exponent
m – 1 of cosx in P(x). Similarly choose the exponent of sin x for P (x)
Now differentiating both sides of (1), we get
n m n+2 m–2
P(x) = (n + 1) sin x cos x – (m – 1) sin x cos x
n m n 2 m–2
= (n + 1) sin x cos x – (m – 1) sin x (1 – cos x) cos x
n m n m–2 n m
= (n + 1) sin x cos x – (m – 1) sin x cos x + (m – 1) sin x cos x
n m n m–2
= (n + m) sin x cos x – (m – 1) sin x cos x
Now integrating both sides , we get
m–1
x = (n + m) n, m – (m – 1) n, m – 2.
n+1
sin x cos
Similarly we can establish the other relations.

3. The relation between 4, 2 and 2, 2 is

1 1
(A) 4, 2 = (B) 4, 2 =
3 3 3 3
(– sin x cos x + 32, 2) (sin x cos x + 32, 2)
6 6
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin x cos x – 32, 2) (D) 4, 2 = (– sin x cos x + 22, 2)
3 3 3 3
6 6

4. The relation between 4, 2 and 6, 2 is

1 1
(A) 4, 2 = (sin x cos x + 86, 2) (B) 4, 2 =
5 3 5 3
(– sin x cos x + 86, 2)
5 5
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin x cos x – 86, 2) (D) 4, 2 = (sin x cos x + 6 4, 4)
5 3 5 3
5 5

5. The relation between 4, 2 and 4, 4 is 

1 1
 (A) 4, 2 = (sin x cos x + 8 4, 4) (B) 4, 2 = (– sin x cos x + 8 4, 4)
5 3 5 3
3 3
1 1
(C) 4, 2 = (sin x cos x – 8 4, 4) (D) 4, 2 = (sin x cos x + 6 4, 4)
5 3 5 3
3 3

38
Indefinite Integration

Comprehension # 2 (Q. No. 6 to 8)

It is known that
 sin x cos x π
 
 cos x sin x if 0  x  2
tan x  cot x   ,
  sin x   cos x if π  x  3 π
  cos x  sin x 2

d
dx
 tan x  cot x   21  tan x  cot x  (tan x + cot x) , x   0, 2π    π, 32π 
and
d
dx
 tan x  cot x   21  tan x  cot x  (tan x + cot x) , x   0, 2π    π, 32π  .

6. Value of integral =  tan x  cot x  dx, where x   0, 2π    π, 32π  is
–1  tan x  cot x 
 tan x  cot x 
2 tan  + C 2 tan  + C
–1
(A) (B)
   
 2   2 
 tan x  cot x   tan x  cot x 
(C) – 2 tan  (D) – 2 tan 
–1 –1
+C +C
   
 2   2 

   π
7. Value of the integral = tan x  cot x dx , where x   0,  is
 2
–1 –1
(A) 2 sin (cos x – sin x) + C (B) 2 sin (sin x – cos x) + C
–1 –1
(C) 2 sin (sin x + cos x) + C (D) – 2 sin (sin x + cos x) + C

   3π 
8. Value of the integral = tan x  cot x dx , where x   π,  is
 2 
–1 –1
(A) 2 sin (cos x – sin x) + C (B) 2 sin (sin x – cos x) + C
–1 –1
(C) 2 sin (sin x + cos x) + C (D) – 2 sin (sin x + cos x) + C

Exercise-4 (Platinum)
PART - I : JEE MAIN QUESTIONS
5tanx
1. If the integral  tanx  2 dx = x + a  n |sin x – 2 cos x| + k, then a is equal to :
[AIEEE-2012, (4, – 1)/120]
(1) – 1 (2) – 2 (3) 1 (4) 2

 f x  dx (x) , then  x f x dx is equal to

5 3
2. If [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –1),360]

(1) x ψx   x ψx  dx C      

1 1 3

x ψ x 3  3 x 3 ψ x 3 dx  C
3 3 2 3
(2)
3 3

(3) x ψx   x ψx  dx  C

1
3
3 3 2 3
(4)
1 3
3
     
x ψ x 3  x 3 ψ x 3 dx  C 
39
Indefinite Integration

1
 1  x
3.  The integral  1 x   e x dx is equal to :
 x
[JEE(Main) 2014, (4, – 1), 120]
1 1 1 1
x x x x
(1) 
x 1 e x C (2) – xe x C (3) 
x 1 e x  C (4) x e x C

dx
4. The integral  x x2 4
1 3/4
equals [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, – 1), 120]

1/4 1/4
 x 4  1  x 4  1
(1)  4  c (4) –  4  c
4 1/4 4 1/4
(2) (x + 1) +c (3) –(x + 1) +c
 x   x 
   

2x12  5x9
5. The integral  x 5
 x3  1 3
dx is equal to [JEE(Main) 2016, (4, –1), 120]

x10 x5  x10  x5
(1) C C C C
 
(2)
 
(3)
 
(4)
2 x5  x3  1
2
2 x5  x3  1
2
2 x5  x3  1
2
x 5
 x3  1  2

where C is an arbitrary constant

Let n =  tan x dx , (n > 1). If 4 + 6 = a tan x + bx + C, where C is a constant of integration, then the
n 5 5
6.
ordered pair (a, b) is equal to [JEE(Main) 2017, (4, –1), 120]
 1  1  1   1 
(1)   ,1 (2)  ,0  (3)  ,1 (4)   ,0 
 5  5  5   5 

sin 2 x cos2 x
7. The integral  sin x  cos x sin x  sin xcos x  cos x
5 3 2 3 2 5 2
dx is equal to :

[JEE(Main) 2018, (4, –1), 120]

1 1 1 1
C C C C
(1)
1 cot3 x
(2)
1 cot3 x
(3)

3 1 tan x
3
(4)

3 1 tan3 x  
(where C is a constant of integration)

1
sin θ sin θ n cos θ dis equal to :
8.  Let n 2 be a natural number and 0 < </ 2. Then 
sinn1 θ
(where C is a constant of integration) [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-01-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]
n1 n1
n 1  n  n 1  n
(1) 2 1  C (2) 2 1  C
n  1  sinn1θ  n1
n  1  sin θ 
n1 n1
n 1  n  n 1  n
(3) 2 1 n1
 C (4) 2 1 n1
 C
n  1  sin θ  n  1  sin θ 

9. The integral  coslog xdx is equal to : (where C is a constant of integration)

e

[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (12-01-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]

(1) xcosloge x   sinloge x   C (2) sinloge x   cosloge x   C
x
2
(3) xcosloge x   sinloge x   C (4) cosloge x   sinloge x   C
x
2

40
Indefinite Integration

5x
sin

10. 2 dx is equal to : (where C is a constant of integration)
x
sin
2
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (08-04-19),P-1 (4, – 1), 120]
(1) 2x + sin x + 2 sin 2x + c (2) x + 2 sin x + 2 sin 2x + c
(3) x + 2 sin x + sin 2x + c (4) 2x + sin x + sin 2x + c

dx
11. If  x (1 x
3 6 2/3
)
 xf ( x ) (1  x 6 )1/ 3  C, where C is a constant of integration, then the function f(x) is

equal to : [JEE(Main) 2019, Online (08-04-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]

3 1 1 1
(1) 2 (2)  (3)  2 (4)  3
x 6x 3 2x 2x

 sec
2/3
12. The integral x cose c 4 / 3 x dx is equal to :[JEE(Main) 2019,Online (09-04-19),P-1(4, – 1), 120]

–1/3 3 –4/3
(1) –3 tan x+C (2)  tan x+C
4
–1/3 –1/3
(3) –3 cot x+C (4) 3 tan x+C
(Here C is a constant of integration

e (sec x tan x f ( x)  (sec x tan x  sec 2 x)) dx = esec x f ( x)  C , then a possible choices of f(x)is :
sec x
13. If
[JEE(Main) 2019,Online (09-04-19),P-2(4, – 1), 120]
1 1
(1) sec x  tan x  (2) sec x  tan x 
2 2
1 1
(3) sec x  x tan x  (4) x sec x  tan x 
2 2

dx   x  1 f ( x) 
14. If  (x
 2x  10)
2
= A tan1

2
 2
 3  x  2x  10 
  C , where C is a constant of integration, then:

[JEE(Main) 2019,Online (10-04-19),P-1(4, – 1), 120]

1 1
(1) A  and f ( x )  3 ( x  1) (2) A  and f ( x )  3 ( x  1)
54 81
1 1
(3) A  and f ( x )  9 ( x  1) (4) A  and f ( x )  9 ( x  1)2
27 54

x e  x dx  g ( x) e  x  c , where c is a constant of integration, then g(–1) is equal to :

2 2
5
15. If
[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (10-04-19),P-2 (4, – 1), 120]
5 1
(1) –1 (2) 1 (3)  (4) 
2 2

2x 3  1
16. The integral x 4
x
dx is equal to: (here C is a constant of integration)

[JEE(Main) 2019, Online (12-04-19), P-1 (4, – 1), 120]

1 | x  1| 3
1 ( x 3  1)2
(1) loge C (2) loge C
2 x2 2 | x3 |

x3  1 x3  1
(3) loge C (4) loge C
x x2

41
Indefinite Integration

tan x  tan
17. Let a(0,  / 2) be fixed. If the integral  tan x  tan dx  A(x) cos 2  B(x) sin 2  C , where C is a
constant of integration, then the functions A(x) and B(x) are respectively :
[JEE(Main) 2019,Online (12-04-19), P-2 (4, – 1), 120]
(1) x   and loge | sin(x  ) | (2) x –  and loge | sin(x – ) |
(3) x –  and loge | cos( x – ) | (4) x   and loge | sin ( x – ) |

cos x dx
18. If  sin 3
x (1  sin x )6 2/3
 f ( x ) (1  sin 6 x )1/   c


where c is a constant of integration, then  f   is equal to :
3
[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (08-01-20),P-1 (4, – 1), 100]
9 9
(1)  (2) (3) 2 (4) –2
8 8

dx
19. The integral  ( x  4) 8/7
( x  3) 6 / 7
is equal to : (where c is a constant of integration)

[JEE(Main) 2020, Online (09-01-20),P-1 (4, – 1), 100]

3/7 1/ 7
1 x 3  x 3
(1)   C (2)   C
2 x  4 x4
1/ 7 13 / 7
 x3 1  x3
(3)    C (4)    C
x4 13  x  4 

d
20. If  cos (tan 2  sec 2)
2
  tan   2 loge | f () | C , where C is a constant of integration, then the

ordered pair (, f()) is equal to : [JEE(Main) 2020, Online (09-01-20),P-2 (4, – 1), 100]
(1) (1, 1 + tan ) (2) (–1, 1 + tan ) (3) (–1, 1 – tan ) (4) (1, 1 – tan )

PART - II : JEE (ADVANCED) / PREVIOUS YEARS SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

x 3  3x  2
1.  Integrate,  x 2

 1 x  1
2
dx. [IIT-JEE 1999, Part-2, (7, 0), 120]

2. Let f (x) = e
x
x  1x  2 d x then f decreases in the interval: [IIT-JEE 2000, Scr, (1, 0), 35]
(A) (, 2) (B) (2, 1) (C) (1, 2) (D) (2, + )

 
2x  2
 sin
1  dx.
3. Evaluate, [IIT-JEE 2001, Main, (5, 0),100]
 
 4x  8x  13 
2

4.  For any natural number m, evaluate,

 x  1/m
3m
 x 2m  x m 2x2m  3xm  6 d x, x > 0. [IIT-JEE 2002, Main, (5, 0), 60]

42
Indefinite Integration

x2 1
5.  x3 2x 4  2x 2  1
dx is equal to [IIT-JEE 2006, (3, -1), 84]

2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1
(A) +C (B) +C
x2 x3
2x 4  2x 2  1 2x 4  2x 2  1
(C) +C (D) +C
x 2x2

gx  dx equals
x
x
n2
6. Let f(x) = for n 2 and g(x) = fo fo ..... o f (x). Then
1 x  n 1/n 
f occurs n times
[IIT-JEE 2007, paper2, (3, -1), 81]

   
1 1
1 1 1 1
(A) 1 nxn n K (B) 1 nxn n K
nn  1 n  1
   
1 1
1 1 1 1
(C) 1  nxn n K (D) 1 nxn n K
nn  1 n  1

2
7. Let F(x) be an indefinite integral of sin x. [IIT-JEE 2007, Paper-1, (3, – 1), 81]
STATEMENT-1 : The function F(x) satisfies F(x + ) = F(x) for all real x.
because
STATEMENT-2 : sin (x + ) = sin x for all real x.
2 2

(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True ; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True ; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for
Statement- 1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True

ex ex
8. Let = e 4x
 e 2x  1
dx, J = e  4x
 e 2x  1
dx. Then, for an arbitrary constant C, the value of J – is

[IIT-JEE 2008, paper2, (3, -1), 81]

1 e  e 1
4x 2x
1 e  e 1
2x x
(A) n C (B) n C
2 e 4x  e 2x  1 2 e 2x  e x  1

1 e 2x  e x  1 1 e 4x  e 2x  1
(C) n C (D) n C
2 e 2x  e x  1 2 e 4x  e 2x  1

sec 2 x
9. The integral  sec x  tan x 9/2
dx equals (for some arbitrary constant K)

[IIT-JEE 2012, paper-1, (3, -1), 70]

1 1 1 2
(A)   sec x  tan x   K
sec x  tan x 11/2
11 7 
1 1 2
  sec x  tan x   K
1
(B)
sec x  tan x 11/2
11 7 
1 1 1 2
(C)   sec x  tan x    K
sec x  tan x 11/2
11 7 
1 1 2
  sec x  tan x    K
1
(D)
sec x  tan x 11/2
11 7 

43
Indefinite Integration

Answers
Exercise-1
PART - I
Section (A) :
7x  38 cos(5x - 7) tan- 2x  5
A-1. (i) C (ii) – C (iii) C
56 5 -2
1 1
(iv) n |sec (3x - 2) + tan (3x - 2) | + C (v) n |sec(9x + 1)| + C
3 2
6 6x  4 1 e -5x5
(vi) +C (vii) n |2x + 1| + C (viii)  +C
6n 6 2 5

x 1 sin 3x 3
A-2. (i)  sin2x + C (ii)  sin x + C
2 4 12 4
1 1 1 1
(iii) – cos 5x + cosx + C (iv) cos x  cos 2x  cos 3x + C
10 2 2 3

(v)
2
3
 
x  33/2  x  23/2  C

1 2 1 2
A-3. (i) – cosx + C (ii) n |x + 1| + C (iii)  n |x + cosx| + C
2 2
1 2
(iv) n |x + sin2x + 2x| + C (v)  n |  n(secx + tanx) | + C
2
2 3/2 1/2 1 2x – 2x
(vi) (x + 2) – 4(x + 2) + C (vii) (e – e ) + 2x + C
3 2
1 3x 2x x 1 1
(viii) e + e + e + C (ix) – n 1 5 + C
3 5 x
A-4. 
2 x2  2 + C 
 x 1 2  x 
A-5. 2  C
 2x x  1 

1/ 7
7  x 1 
A-6.   C
3  x 2
 sin x   lnx  1 
A-7. (i) ln   +C (ii) ln  + C
 x   x 
1   1 x   1 x   1  x 
A-8. ln   ln ln   ln    C
2   1 x   1 x   1  x 
x4 1
A-9.  x 3  x 2  5x  ln ( x 2  1)  3 tan1 x  C
4 2
12
A-10. (1  x1/ 4 )7 / 3  3 (1  x1/ 4 )4 / 3  C
7

Section (B) :
x2 x2 x2 x 1
B-1. (i) nx  C (ii)  sin2x  cos2x  C
2 4 4 4 8

44
Indefinite Integration

x2 x 1
(iii) tan1x   tan1x  C (iv) x (  nx – 1) + C
2 2 2
sec x tan x 1 2
 n |sec x + tanx | + C
2
(v) (vi) (x – 1) e x + C
2 2
–1 x 1 x 1 –1
(vii) x sin x  sin x +C
2 2

(viii) x tan x –
1
–1 2
 n (1 + x ) –
tan1x  
2
C
2 2
ex x
(ix) (sinx – cosx) + C (x) e tanx + C
2

 1 
B-2. y = x nnx  + 2e
 nx 

Section (C) :
1 –1 x 1 –1  x  1 
C-1. (i) tan +C (ii) tan  +C
5 5 2  2 

1 1  2x  1  1 x 2
(iii) log |x2 + x + 3| + tan–1   + C (iv) x arctan x +  n +C
2 11  11  x
x 1 2
(v) x  2x  5  2n x  1  x 2  2x  5 + C
2

(vi) –
1 x  x  2 3/2

3  
2x  1 1 x  x 2  15 sin 1 2x  1  C
3 8 16  5 

(vii)
2 3
15

a  x3 
5/2

9

2a3 3
a  x3 
5/2
C

(viii) 2 3x 2  5x  1 + C

log (2x +1 + 2 x 2  x  1  + C
1 2 3 9
(ix) (x + x + 1)3/2 – (2x + 1) 1 x  x2 –
3 8 16

x 1 1 1 2 3 –1
C-2. (i)  n +C (ii)  n |x + 3| –  n |x + 1| + tan x + C
x2 10 20 10
1
(iii) 4  n |x + 1| + – 4  n |x + 2| + C
x  1
1 1
(iv)  n|x + 1| –  n |x + 2| +  n |x + 3| + C
2 2
1 1
  x  1 x 3
1 x 2
 1 1 1
tan  – x x
–1
C
 3x  4 
C-3. (i) n (ii) n +C
2 3   1 6 1
x  1 x 3
x x
1  y  1 y 2 1
C-4. tan–1   + n + C where y = tan x –
2  2 2 2 y 2 tan x

x  2 1 1 t 3 1 –1
C-5. (i)  n C (ii) n  tan (t) + C, where t = x 1
x  2 1 4 3 t 3 2
2
1  1  1 2 1
(iii) –  n  t     t    + C, where t =
3  3  3 9 x 1

45
Indefinite Integration

3 
  1 
x 22
(v) sin 1  2 x  1   C
–1
(iv) – tan +C
x2  5 
 
 2 
 1 x2   x 2  2x  4  6 ( x  1) 
tan–1   +C n   +C
1 1
(vi) – (vii) –
 3x   
 x  2x  4  6 ( x  1) 
3 2 6 2
 

C-6. (i)
1
2
 1
ln  x    x 2  x  x 2  x  C
 2 
(ii) ( x  3) ( x  4)   n  x 3  x 4 C 
1 –1 x
(iii) sin x – 1 x 2  1 x 2  C
2 2

Section (D) :
2 –1  tan x / 2  40 9
D-1. (i) tan   + C (ii) x log |5sinx + 4cosx| + C
3  3  41 41
1  3 tanx  1 3x
(iii) tan
–1  + C (iv)  n |1cot x | + C (v) tan x + sin 2x  +C
 2  4 2
6 

1  4sin x  cos x   5  –1  sin x  cos x 

D-2. (i)  n   + C (ii) sin  + C
40  4sin x  cos x   5   3 

Section (E) :
x 4n  5
E-3. n = 4 n1
 
4 (n  1) (1  x ) 4(n  1) n–1

PART – II
Section (A) :
A-1. (A) A-2. (B) A-3. (A) A-4. (B) A-5. (B)
A-6. (C) A-7. (D) A-8. (D) A-9. (B) A-10. (C)
A-11. (A) A-12. (C) A-13. (A)
Section (B) :
B-1. (A) B-2. (C) B-3. (D) B-4. (A) B-5. (C)
B-6. (B)
Section (C) :
C-1. (A) C-2. (D) C-3. (A) C-4. (A) C-5. (C)
Section (D) :
D-1. (B) D-2. (C) D-3. (A) D-4. (C) D-5. (B)
D-6. (A) D-7. (A) D-8. (A)
Section (E) :
E-1. (B) E-2. (B)

Exercise-2
PART - I
1. (A) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A)
6. (D) 7. (A) 8. (D) 9. (A) 10. (D)
11. (C) 12. (A) 13. (C) 14. (D) 15. (B)

46
Indefinite Integration

PART – II
1. (BC) 2. (AC) 3. (AC) 4. (CD)
5. (CD) 6. (BD) 7. (AC) 8. (BC)
9. (AB) 10. (ABC) 11. (BC) 12. (AC)
13. (ABD) 14. (ABCD)

Exercise-3
PART – I
1. 10 2. 5 3. 2 4. 10 5. 2
6. 16 7. 12 8. 10 9. 11 10. 13
11. 1 12. 3 13. 1 14. 11

PART – II

1. (A) (p), (B) (p), (C) (r), (D) (s)

2. (A) S; (B) P ; (C) Q ; (D) R
3. (A)
4. (A)
5. (B)
6. (A)
7. (B)
8. (A)

Exercise-4
PART – I
1. (4) 2. (3) 3.  (4) 4. (4) 5. (1)
6. (2) 7. (4) 8.  (2) 9. (4) 10. (3)
11. (4) 12. (1) 13. (1) 14. (1) 15. (3)
16. (3) 17. (2) 18. (4) 19. (2) 20. (2)

PART – II

1. 
3
2
tan1x  n1 x   n 1 x 2 
1
2
1
4
 x

1 x 2
C

2. (C)
–1  2x  2  3
   n (4x + 8x + 13) + C
2
3. (x + 1)tan 
 3  4

2x 
m1
3m
 3x 2m  6x m m
4.  +C
6(m  1)
5. (D)
6. (A)
7. (D)
8. (C)
9. (C)

47
Indefinite Integration

Exercise-5 (Diamond)
PART – I OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
sin 8 x  cos8 x
1. Evaluate :  1 2sin xcos x dx
2 2

1 1 1 2 1
(A) – sin 2x + C (B) sin 2x + C (C) – sin x + C (D) cos 2x + C
2 2 2 2
5x 4  4x 5
2.  ( x 5  x  1)2 dx equals
x 1 x5  1 x5 x 1
(A) C  (B) C  (C) C  (D) C 
x5  x  1 x5  x  1 x5  x  1 x5  x  1

x
3. Evaluate :  7x  10  x  2 3/2
dx

27x  20 27x  20

(A) C (B) C
7 7x  10  x 2
9 7x  10  x 2
27x  20 7x  20
(C) C (D) C
9 7x  10  x 2 7x  10  x 2

cos5x  cos4x
4. Evaluate : 
1 2cos 3x
dx

 cos 2x   cos2x 
(A)  cos x  C (B)  sin x  C
 2   2 
 sin 2x   sin 2x 
(C)  sin x  C (D) –  sin x  C
 2   2 

x2
5.  (x cos x  sin x) (x sin x  cos x) dx
x sin x  cos x x sin x  cos x
(A) ln +C (B) ln +c
x cos x  sin x x cos x  sin x
x cos x  sin x x cos x  sin x
(C) ln +C (D) ln +C
x sin x  cos x x sin x  cos x

x cos α 1 f x 
6. If  x 2  2x cos α 13/2 dx = gx 
+ C then

(A) f(x)= x + 2x cos + 1, g(x)=x (B) f(x)= x + 2x cos + 1, g(x)=x
2 2 2

(C) f(x)= x, g(x)= x + 2x cos + 1 (D) f(x)= x , g(x)= x + 2x cos + 1
2 2 2

 x3  x  2 
7. Evaluate :  ex   dx

 2
 x 1  
2 

 x 1   x 2  1
(A) e x  2 C (B) e x  C
 x  1  x 1 
 
 x 1   x 
(C) e x  2 C (D) e x  2 C
 x  1  x  1
48
Indefinite Integration

3x2  2x
8. If x
 2x5  x 4  2x3  2x2  5
6
dx = F(x), then find the value of [F(1) – F(0)], where [.] represents

greatest integer function.

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) –1 (D) 0

x
sin 3
9. Evaluate  cos x 2
cos x  cos x  cosx
3 2
dx

2
–1  1  –1  1 
(A) cosec  cos x    C (B) sec  cos x    C
 cos x   cos x 
–1  1  –1  1 
(C) sec  sec x  C
 (D) sec  cos x  C

 sec x   cos x 

 sin 4x . e
tan2 x
10. Evaluate : dx
2 2
4 4
(A) 2 cos x. e tan x + C (B) 2 sin x. e tan x + C
2
4
(C) – 2 cos x. e tan x + C (D) None

PART – II SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

sin 4 x  cos4 x  
1. Evaluate  3
sin x cos x
dx, x   0, 
 2

2. Evaluate :  x x2  2

dx
3. Evaluate :  x 3
 3x  3x  1 x 2  2x  3
2

dx
4. Evaluate:  sin x  sec x
cos 2x  3
5. Evaluate :  cos x 4
4  cot 2 x

cos   sin 
6.  cos 2. l n cos   sin  d

7.
 x 2  1 n x 2  1  2nx
Evaluate : 
     C
 x4 
 

cos2 x
8. Evaluate :  1  tan x
dx


x 2
9. Evaluate : cos x. e . x dx

10. Evaluate :  tan

1

x . n 1 x 2 dx. 
49
Indefinite Integration

1 nxn1  x 2n
11. Evaluate :  ex
1 x  1 x 2n
dx

dx
12. Evaluate :  x x
sin cos3
2 2

13. Evaluate :  cos 2x n 1 tan x dx

dx
14. Evaluate :  a  b cos x 2
, (a > b)

2  x  x2
15. Evaluate :  x2
dx

cot x  tan x
16. Evaluate  1  3 sin 2x
dx

5x  12 dx 2
17. Integrate:  x  6x  13
2 2

4 x 5  7 x 4  8 x 3  2x 2  4 x – 7
18. Evaluate  x 2 ( x 2  1)2
dx


n 1 sin 2 x  dx.
19. Evaluate :  cos x 2

1 cos α cos x
20. Evaluate :  cos α  cos x dx

a  b sin x
21. Evaluate :  b  a sin x 2
dx

( x 2  x 3 ) dx
22. Evaluate the integral  (x  1) (x 3
 x 2  x )3 / 2

dx
23. Evaluate :  x  α x  α x  β 

cos 2x1/2 dx
24. Evaluate  sin x

–1  x  3 
  B n x  3 x  3 + c, then find the value of 12(A + B).
2 2
x2
25. If  x 4  3x 2  9
dx = A tan 
 3x 
  3 x2  3 x  3

3 cos x  2
26. Evaluate  sin x  2 cos x  3 dx

27. Evaluate  3
tan x dx

50
Indefinite Integration

Answers
Exercise-5
PART - I
1. (A) 2. (AC) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (A)
6. (C) 7. (A) 8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (C)

PART – II

1 t 2 1 t2  1  1
1. C  ln , where t = cot2x
2 4 t 11
2

3/2
1  2
x  x  2 
2
2. +C
3   x  x2  2 
1/2
 
 
x 2  2x  3  2 
3.  16.cos1 C
8x  1 2
 x  1
3  sin x  cos x
 arc tan sin x  cos x   C
1
4. ln
2 3 3  sin x  cos x

1
4  cot 2 x
2
5. C– tan x.(2 + tan x).
3

1  cos   sin   1
6. (sin 2) ln    ln (sec 2)  C
2  cos   sin   2

7.
 
2 x2  1 x2  1  3  1 
.1 n1 2   C
9x 3
 2  x 
1 x 1
8. n(cos x + sin x) +  (sin 2x + cos 2x) + C
4 2 8

1 x 2 2
9. e [(x – 1) cos x + (x – 1) . sin x] + C
2
2
x tan1 x.  n (1 + x ) + (tan1 x) 2x tan1 x +  n (1 + x )   n 1 x 2   C
2 2 2
10.
 
1 x n
C
x
11. e
1 x n
x
1  cos
4 x 2
12.  2 tan1 cos  ln C
x 2 x
cos 1  cos
2 2

1
13. [sin2 x.  n(1+tan x) – x +  n |sin x + cos x|] + C
2

51
Indefinite Integration

b sinx 2a a b x
 tan1
14. –
a 2
b 2
a  b cos x a 2
b 
2 3/2 ab
tan + C
2

2  x  x2 2 4  x  2 2 2  x  x2  2x  1 
15. –  In  sin 1  K
x 4 x  3 
 2 sin 2x 
16. tan1 C
 sin x  cos x 
 
13x  159 53 x 3
 tan1 C
17.

8 x  6x  13 16
2
 2

7 6x
18. 4 ln x   6 tan1( x )  C
x 1 x2

2 –1
19. tan x ln (1 + sin x) – 2x + 2 tan ( 2 .tan x) + C.

1
α x  cos
20. x cos + sin   n 2 C
cos α x 
1
2
cos x
21. – C
b  a sin x

x2  x  1 2 x
22. 2 tan1  C
x x  x 1
2

2 x β
23. C
α β xα

 cot 2 x  1  2cot2 x 
24. 2log   logcot x  cot 2 x  1  C
   
 cot x  1
2


25. 5

 x 
6 3 8  tan  1 
26. x  log | sinx + 2cos x + 3 | – tan1 2 C
5 5 5  2 
 
 

27.
1
 1
 
 log1 tan2/3 x  log tan4/3 x  tan2/3 x  1 
2 4
3
2
tan1
2tan2/3 x  1
C 
3

52
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