HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM

Premsundar Kumar Pratham Kapoor

Department of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Chandigarh University, Gharuan, India Chandigarh University, Gharuan, India
22BCS14072@cuchd.in prathamkpr786@gmail.com

Kshitiz
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Chandigarh University, Gharuan, India
22BCS16032@cuchd.in
 Tauhid Alam
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Chandigarh University, Gharuan, India
22BCS10701@cuchd.in

Abstract—In this paper proposes an effective platform for

implementation of home automation processes. The home
automation activities are versatile depends upon the user
interest and requirement where portable devices like sensors
and actuators are used as a user interface. The devices can
communicate among individual components over an
internet gateway by means of ZigBee WIFI protocols. The
power and data transmission capabilities are limited to small
ranges. In academic laboratories students face connection
hassle in executing the automation processes, leads to loss In a typical home the number of appliances one uses with a
of components due to misconnection and complexity in frequency of more than ten over a day. It requires lot of
circuit debugging. The effective solution to realize various individual attentions to initiate the events. Automation of
automation applications through AUTODESK these components with a flexible user interface saves effective
TINKERCAD. The paper consists of demonstrative views of utilization of individual time with an added advantage of
executing home automation applications in keypad-based
energy saving. The prioritized devices to have a automated on
door unlocking with IR based appliances control, home
appliances over voltage circuit protection, the home interior and off with respect to proximity changes and climatic
appliances through motion, ambient light and temperature, conditions and interrupted power scenarios are light intensity
and concludes with an application of garage car parking lot. controls security door alarm system and parking system,
The component connection, the programming logics, has weather control appliances, timer based control of home
been discussed and results are demonstrated using the appliances, power and energy estimation etc.., to interconnect
recorded step by step video links for individual applications. the devices with user an embedded architecture is needed with
a added facilities of wireless connectivity, memory storage
I. INTRODUCTION and remote access. The details of wide applications of home
automation is portrayed in figure 2.
The term automation is tossed in late 70’s. home automation
now a days are practical in present age and are getting more
progressively famous and less expensive with more
individuals used. Home automation is a control system that
permits home to run automated services. They will be
customized by client for specific events. The hypothesis
behind home automation is that certain things we do all the
times on routine basis should be automated. Life of an
individual gets easier when they control the home with
google Alexa where we just command the device to operate
the appliance whenever one desire. The Figure 1 depicts the
scenario of home automationlayers to see patterns in images.
This result allow them to identify and recognize the digits
really well.
1.1 Virtual platform TinkerCAD the captured PIN matches with the stored PIN door open is
TinkerCAD is a free, easy-to-use app for 3D design, displayed on the LCD and the door opens otherwise, wrong
electronics, and coding. It's used by teachers, kids, password is displayed on the LCD and the door remains closed.
hobbyists, and designers to imagine, design, and make The second home automation process isover voltage protection
anything. TinkerCAD is a great tool to start 3d modelling. of the home appliances. The over voltage is inevitable due to
It simplifies the process of 3d design. It is easy to use and generation and transmission limitations of electrical power. The
compatible with 3d printers. TinkerCAD has another isolation relay circuit helps the connected appliance to get
feature of designing circuits with available components in isolated with the supply when high voltage scenarios arises.
it. It has integrated some custom circuit components Third application selected for simulation demonstration is IR
(called Circuit Assemblies) into the TinkerCAD editor, it remote based home applications in which the control of
allows LEDs, coin-cell batteries, switches and even a applications like bulb and fans using IR remote. When button in
vibrating motor into design. It offers print or display some IR remote is pressed it will generate a hexadecimal number
data, we are having LCD’s, seven segment display and which is received by IR receiver and sends the data to Arduino
multimeter for metering. The literature provides the scope and accordingly control the bulb and fans which are present in
and extension of the virtual platform offers components particular range. The last application is Managing parking space
like Arduino UNO which is a micro controller able to read is one of the challenges that cities and towns have to face. On
the data and perform certain operation, 16*2 LCD display, average, car drivers spend about 100 hours per year hunting for
LM393 for voltage comparison, servo motor, 4X4 matrix a parking space. For this reason, automation has innovative
keypad, piezo buzzer, SPDT switch, DC motor, push Parking Solutions for the traffic management needs. Improved
button, IR sensor, LM35 for detection of temperature, occupancy and profitability of multi story car parks and parking
Ultrasonic sensor, PIR sensor, ambient light sensor. The lots, reduced traffic loads and environmental impact, more
figure 3 shows the various components available in attractive cities with a higher quality of life. In this automation
TinkerCAD platform. The TinkerCAD has simulation we will going to display the available car need to be parked and
available with block and code as well. Block code is when the parking lot is full. It will show no space is left. If the
something which you can use existing or create a block car passes through the exit point again it will show the available
and place it in accordingly code will be generated and been cars need to be parked.
simulated. Code simulation something which you write 3. Virtual Home Automation applications
text code for execution.Using this virtual platform, the
multilevel automation processes are modeled, designed Figure-4 Block diagram for keypad security system and IR
and simulated. The steps of component integration, remote control home appliances The components used in this
programming logic and the analysis is discussed in detail application are tabulated and quantity of each component is
with selected automation applications mentioned. The list is figure 6 generated by tinkerCAD circuit
platform.

3.1.1 Methodology:
II. LITERATURE REVIEW The working and logic of this simulation is simple to
understand and execute. Initially unlock the door by using
Home automation applications are vast and user specific. In
keypad with right PIN and displaying the state of door and
this paper application used in smart homes , a keypad-based
entered PIN is right or wrong. Whenever wrong password is
door unlocking system is simulated in which will provide
pressed the door will not open and if we enter the right
security to things at homes, schools and offices. The security
password the door wll open and after waiting for some time it
system contains a 4X4 keypad input unit for entering the
will automatically get closed.
Personal Identification Number (PIN) and a display unit in
form of Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) for visual display of
information. It also contains a servo motor that serves as a
switching for locking and unlocking the door and a
programmed Arduino that processes the input information
and take appropriate action. When a user enters a PIN into the
security system installed at any entrance, the system captures
the PIN and compares it with the stored PINs for a match. If

3.1.2 Process case studies:

 The outputs are shown to represent action done in this door Sensors and Actuators Integration:The LDR is used to measure
unlocking automation. The starting of simulation, entering light intensity in the environment, controlling the bulb's state
password, correct password door open servo rotates LCD based on the light conditions. A detects motion and is
displays door is open, door locked for closing of door, responsible for controlling LEDs to indicate the presence of
when wrong password is entered, the gate will not open. movement in the room. A PIR sensor detects motion and is
Initial stage in figure-6 run the simulation then enter responsible for controlling LEDs to indicate the presence of
password note of the simulation in LCD is displayed. movement in the room. The ultrasonic sensor measures the
The.In figure-7 After entering right password, the door will distance of an object (e.g., a person approaching a door) and
open is seen on LCD and servo will rotate as indication, automatically triggers a servo motor to open or close the door.
while entering wrong PIN then wrong password will The gas sensor monitors harmful gases in the air, triggering a
displayed on LCD. buzzer to alert users in case of a gas leak.

Figure-6 initial state of automation process

Figure-8 TinkerCAD simulation model of Home interior

appliances control

3.1.4 Process case studies:

The LDR sensor continuously measures the light intensity. If the
light intensity falls below a certain threshold (value greater
than 500), the Arduino switches on the bulb by controlling a
relay. When the light intensity increases beyond the
threshold, the bulb turns off. This allows automatic lighting
control based on ambient light conditions.
The PIR sensor detects motion in the environment. When no
motion is detected, the red LED turns on, indicating the
absence of movement. When the PIR sensor detects motion,
the green LED turns on, signaling movement, and the system
can be extended to control other devices based on this input.
The gas sensor monitors gas levels, and when the gas
concentration exceeds a predefined threshold (value greater
than 400), the Arduino triggers a buzzer as an alarm. The
Figure-7 After entering right password door opening buzzer continues to sound at regular intervals until the gas
displaying in LCD levels drop below the threshold. The gas sensor readings are
displayed on the serial monitor. The ultrasonic sensor is
3.1.3 Home interior appliances control used to detect the proximity of a person approaching the door.
If the detected distance is less than 100 cm, the Arduino
controls a servo motor to open the door by turning the motor
This home automation system integrates various sensors and to a 90- degree position. If the detected distance exceeds 100
actuators using an Arduino Uno to automate and monitor
cm, the door remains closed (servo motor at 0 degrees). The
different aspects of a smart home. The system uses an LDR
system prints the door’s status (open or closed) along with the
(Light Dependent Resistor), PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor,
distance measured in the serial monitor. The Arduino's serial
ultrasonic sensor, and gas sensor for detection and control. The
monitor is used to provide real-time feedback and display the
automation features include lighting, door access control, gas
values from the sensors, such as the light intensity, gas levels,
leak detection, and a motion-based notification system.
motion detection status, and distance measurements for the
door automation system. This helps in monitoring the
performance of the system and diagnosing any issues.
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