Relations and Functions
Question 1.
The domain of the function 7-xPx-3 is
(a) {1, 2, 3}
(b) {3, 4, 5, 6}
(c) {3, 4, 5}
(d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Answer: (c) {3, 4, 5}
The function f(x) = 7-xPx-3 is defined only if x is an integer satisfying the following inequalities:
1. 7 – x ≥ 0
2. x – 3 ≥ 0
3. 7 – x ≥ x – 3
Now, from 1, we get x ≤ 7 ……… 4
from 2, we get x ≥ 3 ……………. 5
and from 2, we get x ≤ 5 ………. 6
From 4, 5 and 6, we get
3≤x≤5
So, the domain is {3, 4, 5}
Question 2.
The domain of tan-1 (2x + 1) is
(a) R
(b) R – {1/2}
(c) R – {-1/2}
(d) None of these
Answer: (a) R
Since tan-1 x exists if x ∈ (-∞, ∞)
So, tan-1 (2x + 1) is defined if
-∞ < 2x + 1 < ∞
⇒ -∞ < x < ∞
⇒ x ∈ (-∞, ∞)
⇒x∈R
So, domain of tan-1 (2x + 1) is R.
Question 3.
Two functions f and g are said to be equal if f
(a) the domain of f = the domain of g
(b) the co-domain of f = the co-domain of g
(c) f(x) = g(x) for all x
(d) all of above
Answer: (d) all of above
Two functions f and g are said to be equal if f
1. the domain of f = the domain of g
2. the co-domain of f = the co-domain of g
3. f(x) = g(x) for all x
Question 4.
If the function f : R → R be given by f(x) = x² + 2 and g : R → R is given by g(x) = x/(x – 1). The
value of gof(x) is
(a) (x² + 2)/(x² + 1)
(b) x²/(x² + 1)
(c) x²/(x² + 2)
(d) none of these
Answer: (a) (x² + 2)/(x² + 1)
Given f(x) = x² + 2 and g(x) = x/(x – 1)
Now, gof(x) = g(x² + 2) = (x² + 2)/(x² + 2 – 1) = (x² + 2)/(x² + 1)
Question 5.
Given g(1) = 1 and g(2) = 3. If g(x) is described by the formula g(x) = ax + b, then the value of a
and b is
(a) 2, 1
(b) -2, 1
(c) 2, -1
(d) -2, -1
Answer: (c) 2, -1
Given, g(x) = ax + b
Again, g(1) = 1
⇒a×1+b=1
⇒ a + b = 1 ……… 1
and g(2) = 3
⇒a×2+b=3
⇒ 2a + b = 3 …….. 2
Solve equation 1 and 2, we get
a = 2, b = -1
Question 6.
Let f : R → R be a function given by f(x) = x² + 1 then the value of f-1 (26) is
(a) 5
(b) -5
(c) ±5
(d) None of these
Answer: (c) ±5
Let y = f(x) = x² + 1
⇒ y = x² + 1
⇒ y – 1 = x²
⇒ x = ±√(y – 1)
⇒ f-1 (x) = ±√(x – 1)
Now, f-1 (26) = ±√(26 – 1)
⇒ f-1 (26) = ±√(25)
⇒ f-1 (26) = ±5
Question 7.
the function f(x) = x – [x] has period of
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 3
Answer: (b) 1
Let T is a positive real number.
Let f(x) is periodic with period T.
Now, f(x + T) = f(x), for all x ∈ R
⇒ x + T – [x + T] = x – [x] , for all x ∈ R
⇒ [x + T] – [x] = T, for all x ∈ R
Thus, there exist T > 0 such that f(x + T) = f(x) for all x ∈ R
Now, the smallest value of T satisfying f(x + T) = f(x) for all x ∈ R is 1
So, f(x) = x – [x] has period 1
Question 8.
The function f(x) = sin (πx/2) + cos (πx/2) is periodic with period
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 12
(d) 24
Answer: (a) 4
Period of sin (πx/2) = 2π/(π/2) = 4
Period of cos (πx/2) = 2π/(π/2) = 4
So, period of f(x) = LCM (4, 4) = 4
Question 9.
The domain of the function f(x) = x/(1 + x²) is
(a) R – {1}
(b) R – {-1}
(c) R
(d) None of these
Answer: (c) R
Given, function f(x) = x/(1 + x²)
Since f(x) is defined for all real values of x.
So, domain(f) = R
Question 10.
If f : R → R is defined by f(x) = x² – 3x + 2, the f(f(y)) is
(a) x4 + 6x³ + 10x² + 3x
(b) x4 – 6x³ + 10x² + 3x
(c) x4 + 6x³ + 10x² – 3x
(d) x4 – 6x³ + 10x² – 3x
Answer: (d) x4 – 6x³ + 10x² – 3x
Given, f(x) = x² – 3x + 2
Now, f(f(y)) = f(x² – 3x + 2)
= (x² – 3x + 2)² – 3(x² – 3x + 2) + 2
= x4 – 6x³ + 10x² – 3x
Question 11.
If n is the smallest natural number such that n + 2n + 3n + …. + 99n is a perfect square, then the
number of digits in square of n is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4
Answer: (c) 3
Given that
n + 2n + 3n + …. + 99n
= n × (1 + 2 + 3 + …….. + 99)
= (n × 99 × 100)/2
= n × 99 × 50
= n × 9 × 11 × 2 × 25
To make it perfect square we need 2 × 11
So n = 2 × 11 = 22
Now n² = 22 × 22 = 484
So, the number of digit in n² = 3
Question 12.
Let f : R – R be a function defined by f(x) = cos(5x + 2), then f is
(a) injective
(b) surjective
(c) bijective
(d) None of these
Answer: (d) None of these
Given, f(x) = cos(2x + 5)
Period of f(x) = 2π/5
Since f(x) is a periodic function with period 2π/5, so it is not injective.
The function f is not surjective also as its range [-1, 1] is a proper subset of its co-domain R
Question 13.
The function f(x) = sin (πx/2) + 2cos (πx/3) – tan (πx/4) is periodic with period
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 8
(d) 12
Answer: (d) 12
Period of sin (πx/2) = 2π/(π/2) = 4
Period of cos (πx/3) = 2π/(π/3) = 6
Period of tan (πx/4) = π/(π/4) = 4
So, period of f(x) = LCM (4, 6, 4) = 12
Question 14.
If the function f : R → R be given by f(x) = x² + 2 and g : R → R is given by g(x) = x/(x – 1). The
value of gof(x) is
(a) (x² + 2)/(x² + 1)
(b) x²/(x² + 1)
(c) x²/(x² + 2)
(d) none of these
Answer: (a) (x² + 2)/(x² + 1)
Given f(x) = x² + 2 and g(x) = x/(x – 1)
Now, gof(x) = g(x² + 2) = (x² + 2)/(x² + 2 – 1) = (x² + 2)/(x² + 1)
Question 15.
The domain of the function 7-xPx-3 is
(a) {1, 2, 3}
(b) {3, 4, 5, 6}
(c) {3, 4, 5}
(d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Answer: (c) {3, 4, 5}
The function f(x) = 7-xPx-3 is defined only if x is an integer satisfying the following inequalities:
1. 7 – x ≥ 0
2. x – 3 ≥ 0
3. 7 – x ≥ x – 3
Now, from 1, we get x ≤ 7 ………4
from 2, we get x ≥ 3 …………….5
and from 2, we get x ≤ 5 ……….6
From 4, 5 and 6, we get
3≤x≤5
So, the domain is {3, 4, 5}
Question 16.
If f(x) = ex and g(x) = loge x then the value of fog(1) is
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) -1
(d) None of these
Answer: (b) 1
Given, f(x) = ex
and g(x) = logx
fog(x) = f(g(x))
= f (logx)
= elog x
=x
So, fog(1) = 1
Question 17.
A relation R is defined from the set of integers to the set of real numbers as (x, y) = R if x² + y² =
16 then the domain of R is
(a) (0, 4, 4)
(b) (0, -4, 4)
(c) (0, -4, -4)
(d) None of these
Answer: (b) (0, -4, 4)
Given that:
(x, y) ∈ R ⇔ x² + y² = 16
⇔ y = ±√(16 – x²)
when x = 0 ⇒ y = ±4
(0, 4) ∈ R and (0, -4) ∈ R
when x = ±4 ⇒ y = 0
(4, 0) ∈ R and (-4, 0) ∈ R
Now for other integral values of x, y is not an integer.
Hence R = {(0, 4), (0, -4), (4, 0), (-4, 0)}
So, Domain(R) = {0, -4, 4}
Question 18.
The period of the function f(x) = sin (2πx/3) + cos (πx/3)
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 12
(d) None of these
Answer: (c) 12
Given, function f(x) = sin (2πx/3) + cos (πx/2)
Now, period of sin (2πx/3) = 2π/{(2π/3)} = (2π × 3)/(2π) = 3
and period of cos (πx/2) = 2π/{(π/2)} = (2π × 2)/(π) = 2 × 2 = 4
Now, period of f(x) = LCM(3, 4) = 12
Hence, period of function f(x) = sin (2πx/3) + cos (πx/2) is 12
Question 19.
If f(x) = ax + b and g(x) = cx + d and f{g(x)} = g{f(x)} then
(a) f(a) = g(c)
(b) f(b) = g(b)
(c) f(d) = g(b)
(d) f(c) = g(a)
Answer: (c) f(d) = g(b)
Given, f(x) = ax + b and g(x) = cx + d and
Now, f{g(x)} = g{f(x)}
⇒ f{cx + d} = g{ax + b}
⇒ a(cx + d) + b = c(ax + b) + d
⇒ ad + b = cb + d
⇒ f(d) = g(b)
Question 20.
The domain of the function f (x) = 1/(2 – cos 3x) is
(a) (1/3, 1)
(b) [1/3, 1)
(c) (1/3, 1]
(d) R
Answer: (d) R
Given
function is f(x) = 1/(2 – cos 3x)
Since -1 ≤ cos 3x ≤ 1 for all x ∈ R
So, -1 ≤ 2 – cos 3x ≤ 1 for all x ∈ R
⇒ f(x) is defined for all x ∈ R
So, domain of f(x) is R
