Part A-Unit 3: ICT Skills

1. Expand ICT. What is the goal of ICT? Also write few advantages and
disadvantages of ICT.

Answer – Full form of ICT is Information and communication technology. The goal
of ICT is to bridge the gap between parents, educators, and students by
encouraging sustainable, cooperative, and transparent communication methods.

Advantages of ICT

 Enhanced the modes of communication

 Independent learning platforms Cost – efficient
 Enhanced data and information security
 Paperless – Eliminate the usage of paper
 Better teaching and learning methods
 Web – based LMS tools

Disadvantages of ICT

 Traditional book and handwritten methods are at risk.

 Managing courses online is difficult
 Teachers require experience to handle ICT
 Risk of cyber-attacks and hacks
 Misuse of technology

2. Name some default apps installed on smartphones.

Answer – Some of the default apps installed on smartphones are

 Camera
 Phone
 Calendar
 Mail
 Maps
 Clock
 Message
 Web Browser
 Music
 Google Play store
 Apple Store
3. Differentiate between Smartphone and Tablet.

Answer – Smartphone – Smartphones are just like a phone with some additional
features, Smartphones are compact and easy to use. Operating systems are the
main software. Some of the smartphones use Apple iOS, some are using Android
OS or some are using Microsoft OS. Editing the videos or photos is difficult on the
smartphone.

Tablet – It is a portable personal computer with a touchscreen interface which

makes it more user friendly than the notebook computer. Android OS, Apple iOS
or Windows OS are the most common operating systems used in the tablet. As
compared to smartphones, tablet screens are bigger in size.

4. Write some features of a mobile device.

Answer – Some of the features present in mobile devices are

a. Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a wireless technology which connects with other

Bluetooth devices within 30 feet, you can send photos, songs or video with the
help of the Bluetooth.

b. Chargeable Battery: This is a portable power bank which can be recharged. if

once the battery is charged you can use this device anywhere.

c. Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi stands for Wireless Fidelity, basically it is a wireless network

technology that connects your device to the internet or you can connect to the local
area network also.

d. Touch Screen: Touch Screen is an interface where you can manage your
device. Whatever information you want to type in the device you can type using
the touch screen.

e. Cellular network connectivity: Cellular network connectivity provides the

network through which you can make calls.

f. Global Positioning System: It is a navigation system which helps you to find

the direction of place using a map.
5. What is the purpose of gestures in mobile devices?

Answer – Gestures help users to interact with the touchscreen. For example if you
want to open an app instead of clicking you just touch the app the application will
be open.

Some of the gestures in mobile phone are

a. Tap and hold: Tap and hold is similar to right-clicking on a computer.

b. Swipe: Swipe the finger to right, left, up or down on the screen, automatically
the page will move to the next page.

c. Tap: Touch the screen with your finger, once, to click.

d. Double tap: Tap the screen twice time quickly the screen will zoom, it is used
to making the word appear bigger.

e. Drag: To tap, hold and move your finger across the screen.

f. Pinch: To bring your thumb and finger together on the screen automatically the
screen will be zoomed in. it is used to making the word appear smaller.

6. What is the basic function of a Computer?

Answer – A computer is an electronic device which can accept data from the user,
process the data and generate meaningful results. Computer have a three main
units –

1. Input Unit,
2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) and
3. Output Unit.

7. What are the different parts of the CPU?

Answer – A computer is made up of multiple parts that work together to perform

the processing and effective functioning of the computer.

The CPU performs all the basic arithmetic and logical operations of the computer.
There are three main components of a CPU (Central Processing Unit)

1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

2. Control Unit (CU)
3. Memory Unit (MU)

a. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) – Arithmetic and logical unit performs all
arithmetic and logical operations. For example subtraction, addition, division
and multiplication.

b. Control Unit (CU) – Control Unit instructs the computer system to perform
a particular task. It takes instructions from memory and executes them.

c. Memory Unit (MU) – Memory Unit used to store data or instructions.

There are two type of memory unit:

i. Primary Memory – Primary memory is also known as main memory. This

memory is directly accessed by the microprocessor. Primary memory have two
type RAM and ROM

i) RAM – RAM stands for Random access memory it is short term

memory, RAM is also known as Volatile memory and it stores data
temporarily.

ii) ROM – ROM stands for Read only memory it is long term memory,
ROM stores the data permanently

ii. Secondary Memory – The device which is used to store data permanently
with the help of external devices is known as Secondary memory. Example –
Hard Disk, Flash drive, External drive etc.

8. What is Motherboard?

Answer – A motherboard provides connectivity between the hardware components

of a computer. It is also the backbone of the computer and shares the information
between them. It is a main circuit board inside a computer that connects input,
processing and output devices.
9. How is the data measured in a computer?

Answer – In the memory devices data is stored in the form of bits and bytes. Bit is
the smallest unit which represents 0 or 1. Combination of eight bits make a one
byte which store the number, letter or symbol value in the memory.

 8 Bits = 1 Byte
 1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB)
 1024 Kilobyte (KB) = 1 Megabyte (MB)
 1024 Megabyte (MB) =1 Gigabyte (GB)
 1024 Gigabyte (GB) = 1 Terabyte (TB)

10. Where are the different ports in the computer system?

Answer – A port is a physical docking point using which an external device can be
connected to the computer. We can connect our keyboard, mouse, printer and
scanner through the port

There are several types of ports that you can use to connect a computer to external
devices:

a. Universal serial bus or the USB port – USB port is used to transfer data. It
also works as an interface for peripheral devices. It connects, such as a mouse or
a keyboard or a printer to a computer using the cable.

b. Display port – Separate video connector is used for transmitting only video
signals. Display port connect the monitor to the display unit. Different types of video
connector are available, like High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) and
Video Graphics Array depending on the requirement.

c. Audio ports – Audio ports are used to connect speakers or other audio devices
with the computer like headphones, speakers or microphone. Headphones and
speaker port is known as line out port and microphone port is known as line in port.

d. Ethernet – Ethernet port is used for connecting computers to the network, with
the Ethernet port we can transfer data from one computer to another or we can
transfer high speed internet.

e. Power port – Power port is used for connecting the computer system to the
power supply.
11. Write difference between Hardware and Software.

Answer – A computer system consists of two main parts – the hardware and the
software.

a. Hardware – The physical parts of the computer are hardware, hardware devices
can be touch and feel. For example Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor, CPU, etc.

b. Software – Software is made by programs; it is a set of instructions used to

execute specific tasks. For example Microsoft Office, Operating System, Photo
editing software.

12. In computer systems, what is the function of the BIOS?

Answer – BIOS stands for Basic Input/ Output System, Computer automatically
runs a basic program called BIOS as soon as it is switched on or the power button
is pushed on.

The BIOS first does a self-test. If the self-test shows that the computer is fine, the
BIOS will load the Operating System.

13. What are the different types of keys in Keyboard?

Answer –

a. Function keys – F1 to F12 are function keys in the keyboard, function keys are
used for specific purposes.

b. Control keys – SHIFT, CONTROL (CTRL), ALT, SPACEBAR, TAB and CAPS
LOCK are known as a control key, these keys are used as per the demand.

c. Enter key – ENTER or RETURN keys are known as Enter key, depending on
the brand of computer that you are using.

d. Punctuation keys – It includes keys for punctuation marks, such as colon (:),
semicolon (;), question mark (?), single quotation marks (‘’), and double quotation
marks (“”).
e. Navigation keys – END, HOME, PAGE DOWN, PAGE UP and Arrow keys are
known as navigation keys, these keys are used to move up, down, left or right in
the document.

f. Command keys – BACKSPACE, INSERT (INS) and DELETE (DEL) are known
as command keys. INSERT key allows you to overwrite characters to the right
side. The DELETE command key and BACKSPACE key are used to remove typed
text, character, or any other objects from the right and left side of the cursor.

g. Windows key – Windows key is used to open the Start menu

14. What are files and folders in a computer system?

Answer –

a. File – File is a collection of information different types of files store different

types of information. Every file has a file name and extension that identifies the
type of file.

b. Folder – Folder is a place that can store files and/or subfolders inside it.

15. What is Bandwidth?

Answer – Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transferred or received

every second which is measured in bps (bits per second).

For example: In the water pipe the amount of water transmitted in a certain time is
known as bandwidth. The maximum amount of water that can flow through the
pipe is maximum bandwidth. Similarly, the amount of data that can be sent or
received in the network depends on the bandwidth.

Bits per second is the unit of measurement for bandwidth (bps) in computer
networks and in analog devices it is measured as a cycle per second.

Data transfer speed measured by the bits per second.

 1 Kbps (Kilobits per second) = 1,000 bits per second

 1 Mbps (Megabits per second) = 1,000 kilobits per second
 1 Gbps (Gigabits per second) = 1,000 megabits per second
16. What is the World Wide Web?

Answer – WWW stands for World Wide Web, it is also known as a Web. Web is a
collection of websites and a website is a collection of web pages. All websites and
webpages are stored in the web server. The Web is a vast network interlinked with
each other.

It is made up of

 A web page
 A web browser
 A system to transfer information between the web browser and the web
pages

17. What are advantages of E-mail?

Answer – An electronic communication invented in the 1970s to do communication

faster. E-mail is fast and easy to use and it can be sent to multiple people at the
same time, E-mail containing videos, documents, spreadsheets etc. can be sent
along with the E-mail as attachments.

18. Name different E-mail providers.

Answer – If we want to create an email account, we can follow any one of the
provider:

 Gmail (run by Google)

 Yahoo mail (run by Yahoo)
 Outlook mail (run by Microsoft)

19. Differentiate between CC & BCC in an E-mail message.

Answer –

a. CC – When we want the email list to be visible to all recipients, and you want to
include all the recipients.

b. BCC – When we want to include additional recipients but don’t want the recipient
to know who else is receiving the email.
20. What are the different types of folders in an E-mail message?

Answer – There are different folders that could help us manage and organize our
emails:

a. Inbox – By default email is received in the inbox.

b. Sent – Sent folder store emails that we had sent to other people.

c. Drafts – When we are writing an email but not sent the email to any other user,
then E-mail will be stored in draft by default.

d. Trash – Trash holds deleted E-mail from the inbox. To delete an email, we select
an email and then click on the Delete button for it to be moved from inbox to trash
folder.

21. In an E-mail, what is the difference between reply and forward?

Answer –

a. Reply – Replying to an email means that we are answering the mail which we
have got.

b. Forward – Forwarding an E-mail is sending the mail which we had received

from someone and sending to someone else.