Week1-3: Sunday Feb’2021 (18:30-21:30)

• Introduction to the Course

• List of the Services
• Defining the Cloud Computing
• The roots of Cloud Computing
• Components of a computing Cloud
• General Benefits and Architecture
• Business Drivers
• Main players in the Field
• Overview of Security Issues
• XaaS Cloud Based Service Offerings
• 10 Cloud Computing Trends That Will Define 2021
• Q/A
Introduction to the Course
Description

Computing in the cloud has emerged as a leading paradigm for cost-effective, scalable, well-
managed computing. This class is intended for all students who want to begin to understand the
implications of the shift towards cloud technologies. We will explore solutions and learn design
principles for building large network-based systems to support both compute and data intensive
computing across geographically distributed infrastructures. Topics include resource
management, programming models, application models, system characterizations, and
implementations. Additional discussions will be held on the architecture and design of existing
cloud deployments, as well as the challenges that need to be addressed to help cloud computing
reach its full potential.

Prerequisites:
None

Course Type Minor

Credit Hour 3

Lecture Hour 45

Expected Outcome(s):

• Compare the operation, implementation and performance of cloud computing systems,

and the relative merits and suitability of each for complex data-intensive applications
• Explain and characterize different cloud computing models, namely, infrastructure as a
service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS)
• Identify security implications in cloud computing
• Identify appropriate design choices when solving real-world cloud computing problems

Suggested Books:
1. Distributed and Cloud Computing: Clusters, Grids, Clouds, and the Future Internet by Kai
Hwang, Jack Dongarra & Geoffrey C. Fox
Introduction to the Course Instructor:

Past:
-Business Head: GETCO IT Services Limited
August 2017- April 2018
-Head of Marketing & Sales: Cloudly
InfoTech Ltd
April 2016- July 2017
-Senior Manager, Technology: Banglalink
June 2008- Mar 2016
-Deputy Manager, BSS Op Mgt, IT:
GrameenPhone
August 2001-June 2008
-Web Developer: ConnectBD Limited
June 2000- July 2001
Nashid Ali
-Founder & CEO, Education:
Cloud Creative Limited MBA in Marketing AIUB (2010)
BSc in Computer Science IUB (2001)
-Co-Founder & Growth Chair,
Professional Speakers Bangladesh (PSB)

Cloud Creative Limited is a technology start-up, help companies and communities at large to achieve time
to market by providing latest technologies.

What We Do: We help organization to transform their business in the area of Cloud, Analytics, IoT, SOC
and Cyber Security/GRC solution and provide software developments/ solutions built using AWS, Azure,
GCP or any Cloud platform with a focus on serverless computing and micro-services.

Our Mission: Our mission is to support organization in the area of IT and digital services and to become
the most well-known, reliable and professional business service provider in Bangladesh and beyond.

Our Vision: To become top Cloud and IT Services company by providing latest services, innovative
technologies while maintaining customer satisfactions and helping community at large.

For Details:

Website: http://www.cloudcreative.tech/

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cloudcreativeltd

LinkedIN: https://www.linkedin.com/company/cloud-creative/
List of the Services
Archiving: Affordable solutions for data archiving from gigabytes to petabytes
Backup and Restore: Durable, cost-effective options for backup and disaster recovery
Blockchain: Shared ledgers for trusted transactions among multiple parties
Business Applications: Simplify management and lower the cost of existing business applications
Containers: Fully managed services for every workload
Content Delivery: Accelerate websites, APIs, and video content
Database Migrations: Save time and cost by migrating to fully managed databases
Data Lakes and Analytics: Comprehensive, secure, scalable, and cost-effective data lake and
analytics solutions
DevOps: Rapidly and reliably build and deliver products using DevOps practices
E-Commerce: Drive small or large e-commerce businesses with our secure and highly scalable
solutions for online sales and retail
High Performance Computing: Enhanced networking and cloud-scale clusters for complex
problems
Hybrid Cloud Architectures: Extend your IT infrastructure to the cloud
Internet of Things (IoT): Easily scale to billions of devices and trillions of messages
Mobile Services: A range of services to help you develop mobile apps that can scale to hundreds
of millions of users globally
Modern Application Development: Develop and evolve applications through cycles of rapid
innovation
Scientific Computing: Analyze, store, and share massive data sets
Serverless Computing: Build and run applications without thinking about servers
Websites: Reliable, highly scalable, and low cost website and web application hosting
Defining the Cloud Computing
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dH0yz-Osy54
For More info: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYzJl0Zrc4M

• Cloud computing is a general term for the delivery of hosted services over the internet.

• Cloud computing enables companies to consume a compute resource, such as a virtual

machine (VM), storage or an application, as a utility -- just like electricity -- rather than
having to build and maintain computing infrastructures in house.

• The cloud is a term referring to accessing computer, information technology (IT), and
software applications through a network connection, often by accessing data centers
using wide area networking (WAN) or Internet connectivity.

• Almost all IT resources can live in the cloud: A software program or application, a
service, or an entire infrastructure. For example, if a business wanted to build an IT
infrastructure, typically it would install the servers, software, and networking resources
it needed, but nearly all of those services and resources are now accessible by going to
third parties that offer them in the cloud.
Common characteristics of cloud computing is defined

(i) pay-as-per-use (ii) pay-as-per-go (iii) elastic capacity and illusion of infinite services (iv) self-
service interface (v) resources are virtualized

The roots of Cloud Computing

• Now-a-days, three technological storms are, smart mobile devices, ubiquitous high-
speed connectivity, and Cloud computing.

• Cloud computing has a strong foundation in virtualization governed by hypervisors,

which are providing slices of resources.

• The Clouds can definitely playing its role in "Hosting" part of the computations, and
can be best on federation with Grids. When we plug an electric lamp into outlet
socket, we do not think about how electric power is generated and how it is get
through outlet socket because of that electricity is virtualized, it is readily available on
wall socket that hides power generation stations and huge distribution grid.

• Mail client, if it is Yahoo, Hotmail, Gmail and so on, take care of housing all of the
hardware and software necessary to support your personal email account. When you
want access your mail, open web browser, go to email client and log in. The most vital
is internet access, your mail is not housed on your physical access your physical
computer, you access through internet connection and access anywhere in world.
Suppose you work in a picnic, at work you can check your email as long as possible
through internet, your email id different than software that you installed on your
computer.
Types of Cloud Computing:
The transformative networked computing model can be categorized into three major types:
Public Cloud, Private Cloud and Hybrid Cloud. The technology service can be accessed in various
models and deployment strategies, including the most popular Software as a Service (SaaS),
Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

Public Cloud: refers to the cloud computing model with which the IT services are delivered
across the Internet. The service may be free, freemium or a subscription-based offering charged
based on the computing resources consumed. The computing functionality may range from
common services such as email, apps and storage to the enterprise-grade OS platform or
infrastructure environments used for software development and testing. The cloud vendor is
responsible for developing, managing and maintaining the pool of computing resources shared
between multiple tenants from across the network. The defining features of a public cloud
solution include high elasticity and scalability for IT-enabled services delivered at a low cost
subscription-based pricing tier. As the most popular model of cloud computing services, the
public cloud offers vast choices in terms of solutions and computing resources to address the
growing needs of organizations of all sizes and verticals.
The advantages of Public Cloud solutions for business customers include:

• No investments required to deploy and maintain the IT infrastructure.

• High scalability and flexibility to meet unpredictable workload demands.
• Reduced complexity and requirements on IT expertise as the cloud vendor is responsible to
manage the infrastructure.
• Flexible pricing options based on different SLA offerings.
• The cost agility allows organizations to follow lean growth strategies and focus their
investments on innovation projects.

Suitable choice for:

• Predictable computing needs, such as communication services for a specific number of
users.
• Apps and services necessary to perform IT and business operations.
• Additional resource requirements to address varying peak demands.
• Software development and test environments.

Limitations:
• The total cost of ownership (TCO) can rise exponentially for large-scale usage, specifically
for midsize to large enterprises.
• Not the most viable solution for security and availability sensitive mission-critical IT
workloads.
• Low visibility and control into the infrastructure, which may not suffice to meet regulatory
compliance.

Private Cloud: refers to the cloud solution dedicated for use by a single organization. The
data center resources may be located on-premise or operated by a third-party vendor off-site.
The computing resources are isolated and delivered via a secure private network, and not
shared with other customers. Private cloud is customizable to meet the unique business and
security needs of the organization. With greater visibility and control into the infrastructure,
organizations can operate compliance-sensitive IT workloads without compromising on the
security and performance previously only achieved with dedicated on-premise data centers.
The advantages of private cloud for business organizations include:

• Dedicated and secure environments that cannot be accessed by other organizations.

• Compliance to stringent regulations as organizations can run protocols, configurations
and measures to customize security based on unique workload requirements.
 • High scalability and efficiency to meet unpredictable demands without compromising on
security and performance.
• High SLA performance and efficiency.
• Flexibility to transform the infrastructure based on ever-changing business and IT needs
of the organization.

Suitable choice for:

• Highly regulated industries and government agencies.
• Technology companies that require strong control and security over their IT workloads and
the underlying infrastructure.
• Large enterprises that require advanced data center technologies to operate efficiently and
cost-effectively.
• Organizations that can afford to invest in high performance and availability technologies.

Limitations:
• Expensive solution with a relatively high total cost of ownership as compared to public
cloud alternatives for short-term use cases.
• Mobile users may have limited access to the private cloud considering the high security
measures in place.
• The infrastructure may not offer high scalability to meet unpredictable demands if the
cloud data center is limited to on-premise computing resources.

Hybrid Cloud: refers to the cloud infrastructure environment that is a mix of public and private
cloud solutions. The resources are typically orchestrated as an integrated infrastructure
environment. Apps and data workloads can share the resources between public and private cloud
deployment based on organizational business and technical policies around security,
performance, scalability, cost and efficiency, among other aspects. For instance, organizations
can use private cloud environments for their IT workloads and complement the infrastructure
with public cloud resources to accommodate occasional spikes in network traffic. As a result,
access to additional computing capacity does not require the high CapEx of a private cloud
environment but is delivered as a short-term IT service via a public cloud solution. The
environment itself is seamlessly integrated to ensure optimum performance and scalability to
changing business needs.

Advantages of Hybrid Cloud to business organizations include:

• Flexible policy-driven deployment to distribute workloads across public and private
infrastructure environments based on security, performance and cost requirements.
• Scalability of public cloud environments is achieved without exposing sensitive IT workloads
to the inherent security risks.
• High reliability as the services are distributed across multiple data centers across public and
private data centers.
• Improved security posture as sensitive IT workloads run on dedicated resources in private
clouds while regular workloads are spread across inexpensive public cloud infrastructure to
tradeoff for cost investments.

Suitable choice for:

• Organizations serving multiple verticals facing different IT security, regulatory and
performance requirements.
• Optimizing cloud investments without compromising on the value proposition of either
public or private cloud technologies.
• Improving security on existing cloud solutions such as SaaS offerings that must be
delivered via secure private networks.
• Strategically approaching cloud investments to continuously switch and tradeoff between
the best cloud service delivery model available in the market.

Limitations:
• It can get expensive.
• Strong compatibility and integration is required between cloud infrastructure spanning
different locations and categories. This is a limitation with public cloud deployments, for
which organizations lack direct control over the infrastructure.
• Additional infrastructure complexity is introduced as organizations operate and manage
an evolving mix of private and public cloud architecture.
• The choice between public, private and hybrid cloud solutions depends on a variety of
factors, use cases and limitations. In the real-world, it’s not an either/or situation,
especially since organizations tend to leverage all three types of cloud solutions
considering the inherent value propositions and tradeoffs.
Components of a Computing Cloud
These components typically consist of:

• Front end platform (fat client, thin client,mobile device),

• Back end platforms (servers, storage), a cloud based delivery, and
• Network (Internet, Intranet, Intercloud).
Combined, these components make up cloud computing architecture.

With the main components like SAAS, PAAS and IAAS there are 11 more major categories in cloud
computing that we will explain here:

• Storage-as-a-service
• Database-as-a-service
• Information-as-a-service
• Process-as-a-service
• Application-as-a-service
• Platform-as-a-service
• Integration-as-a-service
• Security-as-a-service
• Management/governance-as-a-service
• Testing-as-a-service
• Infrastructure-as-a-service.
• Storage-as-a-service: (also known as disk space on demand), as you may expect, is
the ability to leverage storage that physically exists at a remote site but is logically a
local storage resource to any application that requires storage. This is the most
primitive component of cloud computing and is a component or pattern that is
leveraged by most of the other cloud computing components.
• Database-as-a-service (DaaS): provides the ability to leverage the services of a
remotely hosted database, sharing it with other users and having it logically function
as if the database were local. Different models are offered by different providers, but
the power is to leverage database technology that would typically cost thousands of
dollars in hardware and software licenses.
• Information-as-a-service: is the ability to consume any type of information, remotely
hosted, through a well-defined interface such as an API. Examples include stock price
information, address validation, and credit reporting.
• Process-as-a-service: is remote resource that can bind many resources together, such
as services and data, either hosted within the same cloud computing resource or
remotely, to create business processes. You can think of a business process as a meta-
application that spans systems, leveraging key services and information that are
combined into a sequence to form a process. These processes are typically easier to
change than are applications and thus provide agility to those who leverage these
process engines that are delivered on demand.
• Application-as-a-service (AaaS): also known as software-as-a-service (SaaS), is any
application that is delivered over the platform of the Web to an end user, typically
leveraging the application through a browser. While many people associate
application-as-a-service with enterprise applications such as Salesforce SFA, office
automation applications are indeed applications-as-a-service as well, including
Google Docs, Gmail, and Google Calendar.
• Platform-as-a-Service: This is the component where the app is being developed and
the database is being created, implemented, stored and tested. In recent times this
component allows creation of enterprise-level applications easily and is cost-effective.
• Integration-as-a-Service: Integration-as-a-Service deals with the components of an
application that has been built but must be integrated with other applications. It helps
in mediating between the remote servers with the local machines. Stacks from the
cloud are fetched and communicated with local machines. For example salesforce has
recently integrated Google maps into it.
• Security-as-a-Service: This is the main component many customers require. Whoever
goes for a cloud environment needs security features a lot since all the data and
operations are handled remotely. There are three-dimensional securities found in
cloud platforms.
• Management-as-a-service: This is a component that is mainly useful for management
of the clouds, like resource utilization, virtualization and server up and down time
management. This will be like a small role like an admin point of view.
 • Testing-as-a-Service: Testing-as-a-Service refers to the testing of the applications that
are hosted remotely, whether there is a requirement to design a working database
and there is enough security for the applications and so on. This will be tested even
with two or three cross clouds. This will also be a component in the development of
cloud products.
• Infrastructure-as-a-Service: This is called as nearly as possible the taking of all the
hardware, software, servers and networking that is completely virtual. This is where
all the processes and purchases of resources will take place in the cloud. Our
processes will happen but we can't see what's happening at the backend. This avoids
the running of multiple servers, heat, cold, temperature and so on.

General Benefits and Architecture:

Architecture:

General Architecture
 Figure 1: AWS Solution Architecture

The steps are described as follows –

• Application server on LPG plants generate (Corporate Datacenter) the files

• The files will be uploaded/Sync to AWS S3 Standard storage
• Files are stored in the AWS S3 standard storage for 1 month (depends on the clients need)
• After the 1 month (depends on the clients need) the files will automatically move to S3-
IA storage or AWS Glacier to reduce costing
• After 1 year (depends on the clients need), the files will be deleted
• All the period of data management (Life Cycle Management) is customizable
 Figure 2: AZURE Solution Architecture

The steps are described as follows (Start from the Left) –

• Application users will be connected via internet from the remote location and branches
of the banks/agencies.
• To protect the DDoS attack, a third party protection layer will be in place internet and
Azure resources.
• A virtual network will be create before deploying the components.
• The application traffic will routed to app service instances by a load balancer
• The auto scaling will be configure to scale the app instances numbers when required.
• Application service nodes will connect to Azure SQL elastic pool to store and retrieve
application data.
• For access control and monitoring, Azure tools will be used.
• The whole stack will be deploy in the Azure South-East Asia region in a single availability
set.
• The communication via internet is secured via SSL/HTTPS protocols
Business Drivers:
5 Things to Know about Shifts in Key Business Drivers for Cloud
Computing
While the idea and service models around cloud computing have changed over time, the
motivation to use cloud computing has also changed. Here are five business drivers of why
today's businesses want to use cloud computing and the related changes in these drivers:

1. Cost reduction and efficiency gain

The idea to lower costs by utilizing cloud computing was and still is one of the key drivers of why
businesses want to adopt cloud computing. For many businesses, the budget for server and
networking hardware, licenses, and staff to maintain the environment has reached an upper
limit. And for many of these businesses, the only way to to gain more efficiency and flexibility is
by reducing costs, especially around the maintenance of their IT infrastructure. The gained
flexibility in budget and staff then can be used for other essential areas such as innovation.

2. Using existing investments while extending infrastructure

Many businesses have spent a considerable amount of effort on their traditional IT infrastructure
and their desire to continue to use this infrastructure for some time is not surprising. However,
at the same time, they have to modernize, and maybe even expand their business. with the given
budget limitations discussed above. The emerging hybrid cloud solutions can help combine the
best of traditional IT, public, and private cloud. The increased demand for hybrid cloud solutions
is a visible business usage shift of cloud computing.

3. Speed of change
An aspect becoming more relevant for cloud computing adoption is the increased pace of change
in the market and faster cycles of renewal. Many traditional IT in-house infrastructures can not
keep pace with increasing demands for new CPUs, extended storage, and faster networks, at
least not if the IT budget is limited. Speed for go-to-market becomes an important aspect with
new emerging technologies and changes in customer behavior such as with the increasing
demands for broad mobile usage.

4. Innovation
Another key business driver becoming more relevant with cloud computing adoption is
innovation. For example, the broad usage of mobile technology and the rise of the Internet of
Things (IoT), challenges many businesses. They are also confronted with the Big Data
phenomenon. Customer expectations have changed, they want to consume services more easily
and comfortably from their mobile devices. Cloud computing offers the flexibility to quickly adopt
the necessary computing resources to analyze and respond to these changing customer
demands.

5. Security, compliance, and regulatory requirements

With increasing complexity of an interconnected world and known cyber threats, compliance and
regulatory requirements have become more important business drivers for cloud computing
adoption. While security concerns were rather a hindering factor for cloud computing adoption
and usage by companies previously, there is now a shift to use cloud computing more often
because of its standardization and automation aspects. There is an increasing belief that with
standardization, automation, and build-in security, a better compliance posture can be achieved
from a regulatory compliance standpoint than in a traditional IT infrastructure with many manual
processes and diversity of hardware, tools, and technology.
Main players in the Field
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZ5H8sn_2ZI
Geographical coverage at a glance
 SW Analysis

Product wise Analysis

Overview of Security Issues

XaaS Cloud Based Service Offerings:

Benefits of XaaS

When speaking about XaaS as it relates to cloud computing, there are a number of benefits:
• Lower costs.
• Flexibility. This also includes easier scalability.
• Maintenance is done by the provider. This frees up the customer’s resources and allows
them to focus on what they do best.
• Easy access to new technologies (which are being developed rapidly).
• New business services are able to debut quickly (think weeks instead of months).
• Allows for quick responses to market developments. “With constant availability to
resources, data and other services through XaaS, businesses can respond in a faster way to
any change in the business environment and enjoy better profit figures,
10 Cloud Computing Trends That Will Define 2019
https://www.crn.com/slide-shows/cloud/10-cloud-computing-
trends-that-will-define-2019/1

11. Q/A

More info:
1. https://www.facebook.com/groups/cloudcomputingba
ngladesh/
2. https://www.facebook.com/cloudcreativeltd/