ARDUINO

WORKSHOP
 What is ARDUINO?

Arduino is an Italian open source platform based on

easy to use hadware and software.
With the ability to interact with various sensors as input
and motors, drivers as output .
Arduino Uno is versatile suitable for projects from basic
led to robotics.
Ideal for beginners as it is versatile ,open source and
simple.
 What is ARDUINO?

As the heart of the Arduino is the

microcontroller. A microcontroller is a
standalone, single chip integrated circuit that
contains a CPU, read-only memory, random
access memory and various I/O busses. The
Arduino UNO R3 which we will be using uses the
ATmega328P chip.​
Types of Arduino.
Key features of Arduino.

Operating Voltage: - 5V
Input Voltage:- 7-12V (recommended)
Digital I/O Pins:- 14 (6 PWM)
Analog Input Pins:- 6
Clock Speed:- 16 MHz
Memory:- 32KB Flash, 2KB SRAM, 1KB
EEPROM
Board Dimensions: Size: 68.6 mm × 53.4 mm
Weight: Approx. 25g
 Understanding Arduino Hardware

Critical components:-
1.DC Barrel Jack:-
Also known as power jack.
Used to Power Your Arduino
2.USB Connector:-
The USB connector is used to
plug in the USB cable.
This port is used to Power the
device from 5V supply.
It allows us to connect the
board to the computer.
The program is uploaded to
the board serially from the
computer though the USB
cable
 Understanding the Arduino Hardware

3.Microcontroller:-
The microcontroller is the brain of Arduino UNO.
The microcontroller used in Arduino UNO is Atmega328P
The microcontroller is the black rectangular device with 28pins
It can be easily replaced in case of failure as it is fitted into a dual
in line socket.
The programs are stored in it.
It controls everything that goes on within the device.
It fetches program instructions stored in the flash memory and
executes them.
4.Crystal Oscillator :-
The crystal oscillator has a frequency of 16MHz.
It provides the clock signal to the microcontroller .
It provides the basic timing and control to the board.
 Understanding the Arduino Hardware

5. Voltage Regulation-
The voltage Regulation converts the voltage to 5v.
The primary use of voltage regulator is to control the voltage level in the Arduino
board.
Even if there are any fluctuation in input supply voltage of the regulator, the output
voltage remains constant
6.ICSP header:-
It stands for In Circuit Serial Programming.
We can use these pins to program the Arduino board firmware.
The firmware changes with the new functionalities are sent to micocontroller with
the help of ICSP header.
ICSP header consists of 6 pins.
 Understanding the Arduino Hardware

7. RESET Pin:-
Making this pin Low, resets the microcontroller
8.On board LED pin:-
The pin is connected with an built in LED ,when pin 13 is high then LED is on and
when pin 13 is low LED is off.
9.TX/RX LEDs:-
Indicate serial communication activity (Transmit/Receive).
Tx Transmit
Rx Recieve
 Pin Description
POWER PINS:-
1.Vin Pin:-
This pin is used to power the Arduino
UNO board using an external power
source
2.Ground Pins:-
In Arduino UNO there are
5Ground pins ,which all are
interconnected.
The GND Pins are used to close
the electrical circuit and provide a
common logic reference level
throughout your cicuit
3. 5V Pin:-
provides regulated 5v output
power to peripheral devices
 Pin Description
POWER PINS:-
4 3.3V Pin:-
Provides Regulated 3.3V output (50 mA
max) to peripheral devices
5.Reset Pin:-
Reset the microcontroller
6. IOREF Pin:-
Provides the voltage level at
which the I/O pins operate
(usually 5V on UNO). Shields or
connected devices can read this
pin to determine if they should
operate at 3.3V or 5V, ensuring
compatibility with other Arduino
boards that might use 3.3V logic.
 Pin Description
DIGITAL INPUT/ OUPUT PINS:-
There are 14 digital pins present in
a Arduino UNO of which 6 pind
are PWM pins
The digital pins are from pin 0 to
13
PWM pins are 3 , 5 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 ,
1.PWM PINS :_
These pins can be identified by “~”
this symbol next to their pin number.
PWM stands for Pulse width
Modulation
It is used where you have to get
analog output with digital means like
in controlling the brightness of LED,
speed of DC Motor etc
These pins provide 8 bit PWM
output by using “AnalogWrite()"
function
 Pin Description
DIGITAL INPUT/ OUPUT PINS:-
2. Serial Pins 1(TX) & 0 (RX) PINS :-_
The pin “0” is Tx (Transmit) and pin “1” is Rx (Receiving) pin.
These are used for serial data transmission and receiving.
3.External Interrupt Pins 2 & 3:_
These pins can be configures to trigger an interrupt on a low value , a rising or falling
or a change in value.
Pins 2 & 3 are often referred as INT0 & INT1 respectively
4. SPI Pins :-
The SPI pins are Pin 10 (SS) , Pin 11(MOSI) , Pin 12(MISO) , Pin 13(SCK)
SPI Stands for serial peripheral Interface
It is a serial data protocol used by microcontrollers to communicate with one or more external devices
in a bus like connection.
On the SPI bus there is always one device that is denoted as a Master device and all other as slave.
 Pin Description
SPI Pins:-
1. SCK PIN 13 :-_
It stands for serial Clock . These are the clock pulses that is used to synchronize the transfer data.
2.MOSI Pins 11 :_
It stands for Master Output / Slave Input.
This pin is used for sending data to peripherals
3.MIS0 Pins 12 :_
It stands for Master Input / Slave Output.
This data line in the MISO pin is used for receiving data from the slaves or peripherals
4. SS Pin 10:-
It stands for Slave Select . This line is used by the Master . It acts as the enable line.
When a device’s slave select pin value is LOW , it can communicate with the master.
When its value is High it ignores the Master .
This allows us to have multiple SPI peripheral devices sharing the same MISO MOSI and SCK lines.
 Pin Description
ANALOG PINS:-
There are 6 Analog pins present in
a Arduino UNO.
The digital pins are from pin A0
to A5.
These pins serve as analog inputs .
Used to connect sensors to take
input
AREF PIN:-
The Analog Reference pin is used
to provide reference voltage to
analog inputs with “Analog
Reference()” function.
It is used to increase the limit of
analog pins from 0to5v
 Pin Description
I2C Pins:-
I2C stands for Inter Integrated Circuits.
The SCL and SDA pins are dedicated pins for I2C
communication.
I2C is the two wire serial communication protocol
It uses two wire lines to send and receive data

SCL:-
It stands for Serial Clock.
It is the pin or line that transfers the clock data.
It is used to synchronize the shift of data between the two
devices(Master and Slave).
The serail clock is generated by master devices
 Pin Description
I2C Pins:-
SDA:-
It stands for Serial Data.
It is defined as the line used by the
slave & master to send and receive
the data
THANK YOU
for your time and attention

Present by Team ASIMO