Modes of Communication
Q.1. Describe the Simplex, Half Duplex and Full Duplex Mode.
Simplex
In simplex transmission mode, the communication between sender and receiver
occurs in only one direction. The sender can only send the data, and the receiver can
only receive the data. The receiver cannot reply to the sender.
Simplex transmission can be thought of as a one-way road in which the traffic travels
only in one direction—no vehicle coming from the opposite direction is allowed to
drive through.
To take a keyboard/monitor relationship as an example, the keyboard can only send
the input to the monitor, and the monitor can only receive the input and display it on
the screen. The monitor cannot reply, or send any feedback, to the keyboard.
Half Duplex
The communication between sender and receiver occurs in both directions in half-
duplex transmission, but only one at a time. The sender and receiver can both send
and receive the information, but only one is allowed to send at any given time. Half-
duplex is still considered a one-way road, in which a vehicle travelling in the
opposite direction of the traffic has to wait till the road is empty before it can pass
through.
For example, in walkie-talkies, the speakers at both ends can speak, but they have to
speak one by one. They cannot speak simultaneously.
Full Duplex
In full-duplex transmission mode, the communication between sender and receiver
can occur simultaneously. The sender and receiver can both transmit and receive at
the same time. The full-duplex transmission mode is like a two-way road, in which
traffic can flow in both directions at the same time.
For example, in a telephone conversation, two people communicate, and both are
free to speak and listen at the same time.
Q.2. Write down the difference among Simplex, Half Duplex mnd Full Duplex
mode.
Difference between Simplex, Half duplex, and Full Duplex Transmission
Modes:
S.
No. Parameters Simplex Half Duplex Full Duplex
Half Duplex Full Duplex
mode is a two- mode is a two-
The direction Simplex mode is way directional way directional
of a uni-directional communication communication
1. communication communication. but one at a time. simultaneously.
In Half Duplex In Full Duplex
In simplex mode, mode, Sender mode, Sender can
Sender can send can send the data send the data and
the data but that and also can also can receive
Sender and sender can’t receive the data the data
2. Receiver receive the data. but one at a time. simultaneously.
Usage of one Usage of one Usage of two
channel for the channel for the channels for the
transmission of transmission of transmission of
3. Channel usage data. data. data.
S.
No. Parameters Simplex Half Duplex Full Duplex
The simplex Full Duplex
mode provides The Half Duplex provides better
less performance mode provides performance than
than half duplex less performance simplex and half
4. Performance and full duplex. than full duplex. duplex mode.
The Half-Duplex
involves lesser The Full-Duplex
Simplex utilizes utilization of doubles the
the maximum of single bandwidth utilization of
Bandwidth a single at the time of transmission
5. Utilization bandwidth. transmission. bandwidth.
It is suitable for It is suitable for
It is suitable for those those
those transmissions transmissions
transmissions when there is when there is
when there is requirement of requirement of
requirement of sending data in sending and
full bandwidth both directions, receiving data
for delivering but not at the simultaneously in
6. Suitable for data. same time. both directions.
Example of
simplex mode Example of half Example of full
are: Keyboard duplex mode is: duplex mode is:
7. Examples and monitor. Walkie-Talkies. Telephone.
Q.7. What is ISDN? Discuss different types of channel used in ISDN. Chap-01
ISDN or Integrated Services Digital Network is a circuit-switched telephone network system
that transmits both data and voice over a digital line. We can also think of it as a set of
communication standards to transmit data, voice, and signaling.
These digital lines could be copper lines. It was designed to move outdated landline technology
to digital.
Channels of ISDN
ISDN has mainly three channels, which are as follows −
B-channel − It offers a speed of around 64kbps, which can be used for home purpose.
D-channel − It offers speeds ranging from 16 to 64 kbps. It is used in signaling of B
channel. It offers data in small amounts.
H-channel − It offers a range of speeds 384kbps, 1536kbps, 1920kbps. It is used in large
organizations where high speeds are required.
Chapter-01
Table for memorizing OSI model And TCP/IP
Function in OSI Model OSI TCP/IP
Application
Protocol( SMTP, FTP, Application
HTTP..etc)
Presentation
Suitable format(
Encryption,
Compression..)
Session
Communication Start,
Adding Check point for
error correction
Transport Transport
Segmentation, Error
control, Flow Control
Network Internet/ Network
Segment turn into
packet, Find destination
address , Identify best
physical path for
different network,
Data link Network access / Data
Packet turn into frame link
Physical
Frame turn into binary
bit
