INPUT-PROCESS-OUTPUT
OPERATION
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Objectives: Today we are learning how to identify
meaningful information as a result of processed input data by the
computer
Success Criteria: I am now able to identify meaningful information
as a result of processed input data
Keywords: Data, information
Group work: Name the three basic operation of a computer
system
Group work: what is data? What is information?
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Objectives: Today we are learning how to identify
meaningful information as a result of processed input data by the
computer
Success Criteria: I am now able to identify meaningful information
as a result of processed input data
Keywords: Data, information
Data is put into the information system. (INPUT)
The data is processed. (PROCESS)
Information comes out of the information system. (OUTPUT)
Input Process Output
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Objectives: Today we are learning how to identify
meaningful information as a result of processed input data by the
computer
Success Criteria: I am now able to identify meaningful information
as a result of processed input data
Keywords: Data, information
DATA is raw facts and figures.
These have very little meaning until they are sorted or they are used
to make calculations.
The process of sorting or calculating data is called DATA
PROCESSING.
The result of data processing is information.
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Objectives: Today we are learning how to identify meaningful
information as a result of processed input data by the computer
Success Criteria: I am now able to identify meaningful information as a result
of processed input data
Data Processing
Data Data is Information
processed
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Objectives: Today we are learning how to
identify meaningful information as a result of processed
input data by the computer
Success Criteria: I am now able to identify meaningful
information as a result of processed input data
INFORMATION is the meaning that we attach to data.
Without processing or additional information, data is often
meaningless.
Group activity: What does the number 29061996 mean?
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Objectives: Today we are learning how to identify
meaningful information as a result of processed input data by
the computer
Success Criteria: I am now able to identify meaningful
information as a result of processed input data
For example: What does the number 29061996 mean? Is it:
• A birthday? (29th June 1996)
• A bank account number?
• A club membership number?
• A telephone number?
Without processing or more information this data is meaningless.
Computer operation components
PROCESSING
DATA INFORMATION
CPU
Unit
Output Unit
Input Unit
ALU & Logical
Unit
Control Unit
Ram / Rom
Storage Devices
Data Input device
•Keyboard
•Mouse - trackball - touch Pad
•light pen
•Scanner
Web cam
•Digital camera Joystick
Microphone
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
Individual exercise
1. What are the three basic operations of a computer system,
2. Differentiate between data and information by using a real-life problem.
BASIC OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
PROCESSING
The CPU has various processing operations
• Calculation
• Analysis
• Comparison
• Manipulation
Output device
•Monitor
•Plotter (more complex drawing )
•Speaker
•Printer
Touch screen Output & Input device
12
UNRESPONSIVE COMPUTERS
• Shut down unresponsive computer
• The boot process
• The process of starting a computer is called booting. When a
computer is off and you switch it on, this is refered to as cold boot.
When you restart a computer while the computer is on , this refered
to as warm boot. A warm boot closes all running processes and
programs properly. However, during a warm boot any unsaved
THE BOOTING PROCESS
• STEP 1
• The BIOS (basic input/output system) which is stored on the ROM chip,
contains a computers startup instructions
• STEP 2
• The BIOS performs a series of tests to make sure that computer hardware is
correctly connected and functions correctly. It is also checks the various
system components, such as the system clock, adaptor cards and RAM
chips. These tests are called power on self test (POST).
• STEP 3
• If the POST completes successfully, then the BIOS looks for operating system
files. The BIOS may look for the operating system on the first hard disk,
CD/DVD disk or USB port.
• STEP 4
• Once the system files are located, they are loaded into the computer
memory and executed
THE BOOTING PROCESS
STEP 5
Next is the kernel, which is the core of the operating system, is loaded into
the computer’s memory. The kernel remains in memory while the
computer is on. The kernel manages memory and devices, and assign the
computer’s resources such as devices, programs, data and information. The
operating system takes control of the computer.
STEP 6
The operating system loads the system configuration information, which is
stored in the registry. The operating system constantly communicates with
the registry during the computer’s operation for information such as
installed hardware and software, passwords and user preferences.
STEP 7
Finally, the windows desktop and icons are displayed and the oprating
system executes programs that are automatically loaded when you boot
the computer.
Program failure during booting and
shutting down
• Computers reboots when you tell it to shut down
