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Summated Scale: By-Neha Singh M.Sc. (N) 1 Year

The document discusses summated scales, which are developed using item analysis to select statements that best discriminate between those with high and low total scores on an instrument. Summated scales consist of statements expressing attitudes that respondents rate on a scale, and the total scores are used to evaluate which statements correlate most strongly with favorable or unfavorable attitudes. Advantages of summated scales include that they are relatively easy to construct, provide more reliable data, and allow empirical testing of statements' ability to discriminate attitudes.

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Neha Singh
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5K views16 pages

Summated Scale: By-Neha Singh M.Sc. (N) 1 Year

The document discusses summated scales, which are developed using item analysis to select statements that best discriminate between those with high and low total scores on an instrument. Summated scales consist of statements expressing attitudes that respondents rate on a scale, and the total scores are used to evaluate which statements correlate most strongly with favorable or unfavorable attitudes. Advantages of summated scales include that they are relatively easy to construct, provide more reliable data, and allow empirical testing of statements' ability to discriminate attitudes.

Uploaded by

Neha Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SUMMATED

SCALE
By-
Neha singh
M.Sc. (n) 1st year
GENERAL OBJECTIVE

• At the end of the class the student will gain


adequate knowledge regarding summated
scales, appreciate the knowledge & apply this
knowledge in evaluation of students and in
nursing research
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• On the completion of the class the student will
1. Describe summated scales
2. Explain the steps in construction of the scales
3. Enumerate the advantages & disadvantages
of summated scales
Introduction
• Summated scales are developed by utilizing
the item analysis approach where in a
particular item is evaluated on the basis of
how well it discriminates between those
persons whose total score is high and those
whose score is low. Those items or statements
that best meet this sort of discrimination test
are included in the final instrument.
Defenition
• summated scales consist of a number of
statements which express either a favourable
or unfavourable attitude towards the given
object to which the respondent is asked to
react.
For example, when
• asked to express opinion whether one considers
his job quite pleasant, the respondent may
respond in any one of the following ways: (i)
strongly agree, (ii) agree, (iii) undecided, (iv)
disagree, (v) strongly disagree. We find that
these five points constitute the scale. At one
extreme of the scale there is strong agreement
with the given statement and at the other, strong
disagreement
Strongly agree undecided disagree Strongly
agree disagree

My job is like a 5 4 3 2 1
hobby to me

I consider my 1 2 3 4 5
job rather
unpleasant
PROCEDURE OF CONSTRUCTION OF
SCALE
Collection of statements

Agreement/disagreement is
obtained on a 5 point scale
Most favourable attitude is given
highest score of 5 & most unfavourable
is given lowest score of 1

Total score of each respondent


is obtained

selecting some part of the highest &


lowest of total scores
Select the top 25% & bottom 25% of
the scores

Most & least favourable attitudes are


used as criterion groups to evaluate
individual statements
Statements which constantly correlate
with low favourability & high
favourability are identified

Test the significance of difference


between the item mean of high score
group and that of the low score group
by calculating the t-value

Retain items with greatest t-value


ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:

(a) It is relatively easy to construct and can be performed


without a panel of judges.

(b) It considered more reliable because under it


respondents answer each statement included in the
instrument. As such it also provides more information and
data.

(c) Each statement, included in the scale, is given an


empirical test for discriminating and permits the use of
statements that are not manifestly related (to have a
direct relationship) to the attitude being studied.
(d) Easily to used in respondent-centred and stimulus-
centred studies
i.e., through it we can study how responses differ
between people and how responses
differ between stimuli.

(e) Takes much less time to construct, it is frequently


used by the students of opinion research. Moreover, it
has been reported in various research studies.

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