INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM
INTEGRATION AND ARCHITECTURE
Understand the Concepts of System Integration and Architecture
It is a temporary Endeavour to
PROJECTS produce unique task or
services.
ATTRIBUTES OF A PROJECT
UNIQUE Purpose Require RESOURCES involve Uncertainty
TEMPORARY PRIMARY SPONSOR
SOURCE OF PROJECT
System development projects come from problems, opportunities, and directives and
are always subject to one or more constraints.
PROBLEM OPPURTUNITY DIRECTIVES
PROBLEM OPPURTUNITY DIRECTIVES
• It may either be
current, suspected,
or anticipated.
• Undesired Situation
PROBLEM OPPURTUNITY DIRECTIVES
• Improve the
current problem
• Potential System
PROBLEM OPPURTUNITY DIRECTIVES
• New REQUIREMENT
• Management
• Government
• External Influence
• Mandates that come from
either an internal or
external source of the
business.
Projects can not be run in
isolation:
• Broad organizational
environment.
• It needs a manager
STAKEHOLDERS
people involved in or affected by
project activities
CEO
Development Team
Support Staff
Customers
Users
Suppliers
IMPORTANCE OF
STAKEHOLDERS
Relationship among
Stakeholders
Know the Four Frames of
Organization
Senior Executives
UNDERSTAND ORGANIZATION
We can analyze a formal organization using four frames
STRUCTURAL FRAME HUMAN RESOURCES FRAME
Focuses on roles and responsibilities,
coordination and control. Focuses on providing harmony between
Organizational charts help defines this needs of the organization and needs of the
people.
frame.
POLITICAL FRAME SYMBOLIC FRAME
Assumes organizations are coalitions Focuses on symbols and meanings related
composed of varied individuals and interest to events. Culture is important
groups. Conflict and power are key issues.
ORGANIZATIONAL
• Dependent to the type of
STURCTURE
Company.
• Categorize roles and
responsibilities.
• Group people to work
effectively together.
Functional
four general
types of Matrix
organizational
Divisional
structure
PROJECT
Functional Structure
People are group with
similar tasks, have
similar skills and/or jobs.
Quick decision making is
its advantage.
Adaptive
Divisional Structure
Coordinate inter-group
relationships to
The division of labor in this
kind of structure will
ensure greater output of
varieties of similar
products.
BRANCHES
Matrix Structure
• Group of people works in two
ways:
By the function
By the product team
• Expect more responsibility
per individual.
• Productive and open to
innovative idea
Project Organization Structure
• The teams are
based on the
number of
members needed
to produce.
• Common in IT
Solution
companies.
• Insure that right
person is employed
on the position.
METHODS IN SYSTEM
INTEGRATION
Horizontal Integration
• Enterprise
Service Bus
(ESB).
• Subsystem complies
with subjects
outside the
organization.
Horizontal Integration
Vertical Integration
• Subsystem concerns the
communication and
sharing of information,
within the company.
• Operational Level to
Management Level.
• Expensive for new
functionalities required
new storage.
Star Integration
• Spaghetti
Integration.
• Subsystem is
connected into
multiple
subsystem.
Common Data Format Integration
• Avoid converting data
to/from every other
application format.
• Enterprise Application
Integration
middleware framework that helps data
flow freely between applications without
significant changes to database
configurations
ADVANTAGES OF SYSTEM
INTEGRATIONS
Increased productivity
Better management and analysis
Lower costs
Improved customer satisfaction
DISADVANTAGES OF
SYSTEM INTEGRATIONS
Security Issues
Complex Upgrading
GENERALIZATION
IT integration, or systems integration, is the connection of data,
applications, APIs, and devices across your IT organization to be more
efficient, productive, and agile.
It is also the process or phase concerned with joining different
subsystems or components as one large system. It ensures that each
integrated subsystem functions as required technique to represent
numbers in the computer system architecture, every value that you are
saving or getting into/from computer memory has a defined number
system.
