CHAPTER 7 : Arduino Microcontroller
Board
Subtopic
• Introduction to arduiono board
• Installing and familiarizing the arduino board
• First project with ardiono uno
• Interfacing the ardiono with Keypad, sensors
and LCD
Arduino Microcontroller
A computer for the physical world.
Able to read INPUTS – light on a sensor, a finger
on a button, or a Twitter message.
Turn it into OUTPUTS – activating a motor,
turning on an LED, publishing something online.
www.arduino.cc
Tell your Arduino what to do using the Arduino
programming language.
Uses information from INPUTS to control various OUTPUTS.
Redboard Microcontroller
Sparkfun’s version of Arduino.
Uses same programming language and
electrical components as Arduino.
Sparkfun offers a lot of cool tutorials and
project ideas. Visit their website:
www.sparkfun.com
We have a handful of Sparkfun Inventor’s Kits
for checkout in the EPICS workshop that have
everything you need to get started building
cool stuff.
6
5
7
2 4
3
10
Arduino Uno
1) Power In (Barrel Jack): Can be used with either a 9V or 12V wall-wart or battery
2) Power In (USB Port): Provides power and communicates with your board when plugged into your
computer via USB.
3) LED (RX: Receiving): Lights up when the Arduino is receiving data (such as when being programmed).
4) LED (TX: Transmitting): Lights up when your Arduino is transmitting data (such as when running a
program).
5) LED (Pin 13: Troubleshooting): LED is incorporated into your sketch to show if your program is
running properly.
6) Pins (ARef, Ground, Digital, Rx, Tx): Used for inputs, outputs, power, and ground.
7) LED (Indicates Arduino is ON): Simple power indicator LED.
8) Reset button: Used to manually reset Arduino, which makes code restart.
9) ICSP Pins: For “in-circuit serial programming,” used if you want to bypass the bootloader.
10) Pins (Analog In, Power In, Ground, Power Out, Reset): Used for inputs, outputs, power, and ground.
downLoad Arduino IDE
(Integrated Development Environment)
arduino.cc/
en/main/
software
Connect RedBoard to your Computer
Install Arduino Drivers
OPEN arduino ide
Select your Board
Select Serial Device (Windows)
Select Serial Device (Mac)
DOWNLOAD Code
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Verify: Compiles
and approves your
code. Will catch
errors in syntax.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Upload: Sends
your code to the
RedBoard. When you
click it you should
see lights on your
board blink rapidly.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
New: Opens up a
new code window
tab.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Open: Open an
existing sketch,
which is where you
write your code.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Save: Saves the
currently open
sketch.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Serial Monitor:
Opens a window
that displays any
serial info the
RedBoard is
transmitting. Very
useful for debugging.
What is Serial?
Process of sending
data one bit (0 or 1)
at a time.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Sketch Name:
Name of the sketch
you are currently
working on.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Code Area: Area
where you compose
the code for your
sketch.
KNOW the Arduino GUI
Message Area:
Where the IDE tells
you if there were any
errors in your code.
What is a Circuit?
Electricity running in a loop with a starting
point and ending point – and a number of
components in between.
Can include resistors, diodes, inductors,
sensors of all shapes and sizes, motors, and
hundreds of thousands of other
OHM’S LAW
components.
Voltage = Current x Resistance The LED above needs 20 mA
(milliamps) of current. What
V = IR size resistor should you use?
Voltage is measured in VOLTS (V)
breadboard
How it looks How it’s connected
Connect power to
the + vertical
columns
Connect ground
down the - vertical
columns
Components placed
along horizontal rows
will be connected
when power is
This line divides the running.
board in half
Jumper Wire
330 Ω Resistor
10 kΩ Resistor
potentiometer
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Photo Resistor
Temperature Sensor
Arduino Pins
Analog vs digital signals
5V
0V
5V
0V
Learn more: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3rsO912e3I
Analog to digital conversion
Need to convert analog
signals to digital for
processing.
Digital signal depends on
the resolution of the analog-
to-digital converter (ADC).
A 10-bit system will have
1,024 points of resolution.
Why the2number
10
= 1,024
2?
Because there are two options in a binary system (0 & 1).
Analog to digital conversion
• Arduino translates an analog input voltage into a number
that ranges from 0 - 1,023.
• Digital voltages are translated into a number that ranges
from 0 – 255.
0 255
