Algorithm (Basic Algorithm Presentation).pptx

Computational Thinking
 Computational thinking means thinking or solving problems like a computer
scientist.
 There are four key techniques to computational thinking:
 Decomposition
 Pattern Recognition
 Abstraction
 Algorithm

Computational Thinking
 Pattern recognition:
 Looking for similarities among and within problems.
 Abstraction:
 Focusing on the important information only, ignoring irrelevant detail.

Decomposition
 The process of breaking down a complex problem into smaller, simple and
easy to manage parts.
 We do many tasks on a daily without even thinking about or decomposing
them, such as getting ready to school, finishing school work
 Breaking the problem down into smaller parts means that each smaller
problem can be examined in more detail.

What is Algorithm?
 An algorithm is a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other
problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.
 It is a set of rules to obtain the expected output from the given input.

 An algorithm is simply a set of steps used to complete a specific task

Algorithm Around Us
 Algorithms are everywhere around us.
 We humans follow and perform daily tasks in the form of algorithms without
knowing that they are algorithms.
 One of the most obvious examples of an algorithm is a recipe. It’s a finite list of
instructions used to perform a task.
 Example: making tea, cross the road

Algorithm in Computer Science
 Algorithm are one of the four cornerstones of computational thinking.
 Algorithmic programming is all about writing a set of rules with a finite number
of steps that instruct the computer how to perform a task.
 A computer program is essentially an algorithm that tells the computer what
specific steps to execute, in what specific order, in order to carry out a
specific task.

 An algorithm are written using a particular syntax, depending on the
programming language being used.

 Find the product of two numbers.
 Find the number 1.
 Find the number 2.
 What is operator?
 Where to store the result?

 Find the product of two numbers.
 Enter number 1
 Store number 1 in x
 Enter number 2
 Store number 2 in y
 Multiple x & y
 Store result in z (z=x*y)
 Display number
Note: now these instructions can be easily translated into computer program

What is Computer Program?
 In computer program, a sequence of instructions is given to computer to solve a
specific problem.
 Computer programs consist of a series of instructions to tell a computer exactly what to
do and how to do it.
 Programing:
 Programing is writing computer code to create a program, in order to solve a
problem.
 Code:
 Code is the process of translating an algorithm into a programming language.

 Solve: 8+9*7+2(9-3)
 Write a computer program that ensures that everyone who is under 15 years
of age will get discount.

Algorithm
 Algorithm:
 Find out how old the person is
 If the person is younger than 15 then say “You are eligible for a discount
ticket”
 Otherwise, say “you are not eligible for a discount ticket”

Program
 Program in syntax based language:
age = int(input(“How old are you”))
If age < 15:
print(“You are eligible for discount”)
else:
print(“you are not eligible for discount”)

Write a program that can find the sum of three numbers and
print the results

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‫کا۔۔۔‬ ‫توجہ‬ ‫کی‬ ‫آپ‬

Algorithm (Basic Algorithm Presentation).pptx

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Algorithm (Basic Algorithm Presentation).pptx