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An introduction to Beacons | PDF
An introduction
to Beacons
What are Beacons and
how do they work?
What?
A beacon is a transmitter at a known location, which
emits a continuous or periodic radio signal with limited
information content (for example its identification or
location).

How?
Any radio technology can be used to identify location but
the most relevant technologies from a mobile beacon
perspective are Wifi, Bluetooth and RFID.
Beacons indicate their presence so that enabled devices
can locate them. Each beacon is given a unique identifier.
When a user’s device enters the beacon area, all installed
apps subscribing to this unique identifier
are notified.

3
Beacon uses
20% OFF

Mobile proximity marketing
Depending on where the customers are in a store, and if they are

As the customer moves to a different location, a new beacon

carrying an enabled device, they will be able to receive messages

in the area will alert them to offers on products they are now in

from the closest beacon. For example, when browsing through a

proximity to. Using mobile beacon technology, customers can

specific section in a store, whether it be footwear or mp3 players,

be contacted and kept informed while in-store to enrich their

the local beacon could share location-specific information on

experience.

special offers, interesting facts, targeted promotions and more.
HJ09624

PH87134

Gardening stores.
Gourmet food

Restaurant offers.
Accessories sections.

OX18765

sections.
Tabaco.

Cinema sunday evening.

No purchases on sales.

Leather bags.

Capuccino at Starbucks.
Eyewear sections.
Sushi & Italian restaurants.

Micro-location & user targeting
Knowing a customer’s exact location means it is easier to

of the individual. Not only do we know what they purchase, but

deliver information which is relevant to them at that precise

we know what interests them judging by how long they stay in

moment and context. However, micro-location user targeting

a section, and can identify the factors triggering a purchase.

can go far beyond simple proximity marketing. By being able to

The information collected can then be analysed for a truly

track a consumer’s behaviour, interests and location patterns

personalized, relevant and engaging conversation.

within a store or other business, we can obtain a clearer picture
30 m
Check in

Indoor-mapping
With micro-location targeting, it is easier to offer users valuable

to their airline desk for check-in. Once at the check-in desks, a

information on navigating large areas such as airports, stadiums

new beacon could provide information on the best route through

or shopping centers. For example, a person arriving at an airport

airport security as well as gate information. Stores, restaurants

they are not familiar with could be guided through it via beacons.

and other locations of interest would also be announced,

A beacon at the entrance could welcome them and direct them

specifying relevant offers where available.
Mobile tour guides
Particularly interesting for museums and cities, a user could be

and relevant information at key attractions as well as the best

guided through the points of interest as well as providing further

routes to take within the city, would add an element of flexibility

information on their visit. With merely their mobile device enabled

and freedom to the user experience. Guided museum tours

to receive beacon communications, the user could forgo city

would operate on a smaller scale in a similar fashion.

guidebooks and focus on exploring the city. Receiving valuable
Mobile hands-free payments
PayPal’s Beacon is a Bluetooth Low Energy USB module for stores

up their preferences for automatic check-ins and approve being

and other businesses allowing consumers to pay hands-free. The

charged for any goods they purchase or consume. Once the

device sets up communication between points-of-sale and mobile

customer enters their preferred business, a vibration notifies them

devices without the use for GPS, wireless or mobile networks.

of their check-in as their photo appears on the merchant’s POS.
Confirmation of verbal payment would complete the transaction

The user has to install the PayPal app on their mobile device, set

with a receipt sent automatically by email.
Tracking & business intelligence
The most controversial but also the most common use case today

spending inside the venue/location” and “where in a store/location

of Wifi beacons is using the data collected by the Wifi hotspots for

people spend most time”. This can be used for everything from

business intelligence. Without users giving permission, the owner

choosing locations and planning store layouts, to understanding

of the Wifi nodes can use it to answer questions like “how many

who the customers are and using those insights to come up with

people walk by a given location each day”, ”what are the busiest

new sales strategies. With user opt-in, the data becomes even

hours throughout the day/week”, “how long is the average person

more accurate and valuable.
How does iBeacon
compare to other
technologies?
We’ve been comparing technologies for some time now and although we believe iBeacons has the potential to be great, we
don’t think there is a clear winner yet.

Wifi

NFC/RFID

iBeacon/BLE

Technology soon available with Wifi to

Great accuracy for use with payments

Based on Bluetooth Low Energy4.0 and

be used with all smartphones.

and product information.

available on most new smartphones.

Relatively inexpensive.

Very low cost of RFID sensors/stickers

Energy consumption much lower then

(0.01 USD).

Wifi.

Not supported by Apple.

Requires an app to be installed and

Requires an installed app by user to
engage.

Bluetooth to be running.
20 cm (7.9 inch) range.

Investments in Wifi SW/HW to achieve
accuracy*

Requires new technology/investments
High battery consumption.

and becomes complex to maintain

PIXELATED

when you scale up.
Wifi power consumption higher then
Bluetooth.

* Cisco, Navizon, Meridian, KAIST, WirelessWerx, GISi Indoors, Euclid ...

Requires installation of beacons.
The main technical approaches
There are three basic approaches independent of the technology

Infrastructure based: This uses e.g. the existing Wifi

(Wifi or BLE):

infrastructure (if supported) or dedicated Wifi or Bluetooth nodes.

Device Based: This is the most common approach for outdoor

Hybrid (Device and Infrastructure): Combines all available

location (or to at least locate the building you’re in) as it can easily

location information (Wifi, Bluetooth, GPS, sensors, etc)

be implemented without permission/support from the network.
Our
recommendation
All 3 technologies are cheap and easy to pilot so try them
out in one location and see what you think, how customers
respond, what the perceived value add is and how the
business case stacks up.
When Apple chose BLE as standard rather than NFC/
RFID, we predicted that the two winning technologies in
North America would be Wifi and BLE whereas NFC still
had a good chance in the rest of the world. NFC may still
play an important role in enterprise in North America as
companies control which devices are purchased.
A new kind of Wifi HW now exists that alters the transmitted
power, making it very difficult to measure and map a wifi
area for triangulation. This complicates the use of general
Wifi for a lot of the core uses described in this presentation.
In conclusion there is no one size fits all. The requirements
for indoor positioning and customer engagement need to
be assessed in each case before a recommendation can
be given. However, even if BLE beacons are the hottest
trend right now, Wifi can often fulfill the same requirements
cheaper and more easily.
15
Suppliers of Beacons
Since Apple announced iBeacon, 100s of companies have positioned themselves as Beacon
and indoor location and marketing providers. Here are just a few relevant industry players:
BLE Beacons: Entimote, Qualcomm, Roximity and indoor.rs
Wifi positioning and tracking: Cisco, Ariba (Meridian), Navizon and Infsoft
Proprietary Wifi nodes: knock.io
Wifi location databases: Skyhook Wireless and AlterGeo

16
Fighting for a world
full of mobile solutions
since 2005
web 	 	
email	

www.goldengekko.com			
info@goldengekko.com

An introduction to Beacons

  • 1.
  • 2.
    What are Beaconsand how do they work?
  • 3.
    What? A beacon isa transmitter at a known location, which emits a continuous or periodic radio signal with limited information content (for example its identification or location). How? Any radio technology can be used to identify location but the most relevant technologies from a mobile beacon perspective are Wifi, Bluetooth and RFID. Beacons indicate their presence so that enabled devices can locate them. Each beacon is given a unique identifier. When a user’s device enters the beacon area, all installed apps subscribing to this unique identifier are notified. 3
  • 4.
  • 5.
    20% OFF Mobile proximitymarketing Depending on where the customers are in a store, and if they are As the customer moves to a different location, a new beacon carrying an enabled device, they will be able to receive messages in the area will alert them to offers on products they are now in from the closest beacon. For example, when browsing through a proximity to. Using mobile beacon technology, customers can specific section in a store, whether it be footwear or mp3 players, be contacted and kept informed while in-store to enrich their the local beacon could share location-specific information on experience. special offers, interesting facts, targeted promotions and more.
  • 6.
    HJ09624 PH87134 Gardening stores. Gourmet food Restaurantoffers. Accessories sections. OX18765 sections. Tabaco. Cinema sunday evening. No purchases on sales. Leather bags. Capuccino at Starbucks. Eyewear sections. Sushi & Italian restaurants. Micro-location & user targeting Knowing a customer’s exact location means it is easier to of the individual. Not only do we know what they purchase, but deliver information which is relevant to them at that precise we know what interests them judging by how long they stay in moment and context. However, micro-location user targeting a section, and can identify the factors triggering a purchase. can go far beyond simple proximity marketing. By being able to The information collected can then be analysed for a truly track a consumer’s behaviour, interests and location patterns personalized, relevant and engaging conversation. within a store or other business, we can obtain a clearer picture
  • 7.
    30 m Check in Indoor-mapping Withmicro-location targeting, it is easier to offer users valuable to their airline desk for check-in. Once at the check-in desks, a information on navigating large areas such as airports, stadiums new beacon could provide information on the best route through or shopping centers. For example, a person arriving at an airport airport security as well as gate information. Stores, restaurants they are not familiar with could be guided through it via beacons. and other locations of interest would also be announced, A beacon at the entrance could welcome them and direct them specifying relevant offers where available.
  • 8.
    Mobile tour guides Particularlyinteresting for museums and cities, a user could be and relevant information at key attractions as well as the best guided through the points of interest as well as providing further routes to take within the city, would add an element of flexibility information on their visit. With merely their mobile device enabled and freedom to the user experience. Guided museum tours to receive beacon communications, the user could forgo city would operate on a smaller scale in a similar fashion. guidebooks and focus on exploring the city. Receiving valuable
  • 9.
    Mobile hands-free payments PayPal’sBeacon is a Bluetooth Low Energy USB module for stores up their preferences for automatic check-ins and approve being and other businesses allowing consumers to pay hands-free. The charged for any goods they purchase or consume. Once the device sets up communication between points-of-sale and mobile customer enters their preferred business, a vibration notifies them devices without the use for GPS, wireless or mobile networks. of their check-in as their photo appears on the merchant’s POS. Confirmation of verbal payment would complete the transaction The user has to install the PayPal app on their mobile device, set with a receipt sent automatically by email.
  • 10.
    Tracking & businessintelligence The most controversial but also the most common use case today spending inside the venue/location” and “where in a store/location of Wifi beacons is using the data collected by the Wifi hotspots for people spend most time”. This can be used for everything from business intelligence. Without users giving permission, the owner choosing locations and planning store layouts, to understanding of the Wifi nodes can use it to answer questions like “how many who the customers are and using those insights to come up with people walk by a given location each day”, ”what are the busiest new sales strategies. With user opt-in, the data becomes even hours throughout the day/week”, “how long is the average person more accurate and valuable.
  • 11.
    How does iBeacon compareto other technologies?
  • 12.
    We’ve been comparingtechnologies for some time now and although we believe iBeacons has the potential to be great, we don’t think there is a clear winner yet. Wifi NFC/RFID iBeacon/BLE Technology soon available with Wifi to Great accuracy for use with payments Based on Bluetooth Low Energy4.0 and be used with all smartphones. and product information. available on most new smartphones. Relatively inexpensive. Very low cost of RFID sensors/stickers Energy consumption much lower then (0.01 USD). Wifi. Not supported by Apple. Requires an app to be installed and Requires an installed app by user to engage. Bluetooth to be running. 20 cm (7.9 inch) range. Investments in Wifi SW/HW to achieve accuracy* Requires new technology/investments High battery consumption. and becomes complex to maintain PIXELATED when you scale up. Wifi power consumption higher then Bluetooth. * Cisco, Navizon, Meridian, KAIST, WirelessWerx, GISi Indoors, Euclid ... Requires installation of beacons.
  • 13.
    The main technicalapproaches There are three basic approaches independent of the technology Infrastructure based: This uses e.g. the existing Wifi (Wifi or BLE): infrastructure (if supported) or dedicated Wifi or Bluetooth nodes. Device Based: This is the most common approach for outdoor Hybrid (Device and Infrastructure): Combines all available location (or to at least locate the building you’re in) as it can easily location information (Wifi, Bluetooth, GPS, sensors, etc) be implemented without permission/support from the network.
  • 14.
  • 15.
    All 3 technologiesare cheap and easy to pilot so try them out in one location and see what you think, how customers respond, what the perceived value add is and how the business case stacks up. When Apple chose BLE as standard rather than NFC/ RFID, we predicted that the two winning technologies in North America would be Wifi and BLE whereas NFC still had a good chance in the rest of the world. NFC may still play an important role in enterprise in North America as companies control which devices are purchased. A new kind of Wifi HW now exists that alters the transmitted power, making it very difficult to measure and map a wifi area for triangulation. This complicates the use of general Wifi for a lot of the core uses described in this presentation. In conclusion there is no one size fits all. The requirements for indoor positioning and customer engagement need to be assessed in each case before a recommendation can be given. However, even if BLE beacons are the hottest trend right now, Wifi can often fulfill the same requirements cheaper and more easily. 15
  • 16.
    Suppliers of Beacons SinceApple announced iBeacon, 100s of companies have positioned themselves as Beacon and indoor location and marketing providers. Here are just a few relevant industry players: BLE Beacons: Entimote, Qualcomm, Roximity and indoor.rs Wifi positioning and tracking: Cisco, Ariba (Meridian), Navizon and Infsoft Proprietary Wifi nodes: knock.io Wifi location databases: Skyhook Wireless and AlterGeo 16
  • 17.
    Fighting for aworld full of mobile solutions since 2005 web email www.goldengekko.com info@goldengekko.com