Android & iOS Automation Using Appium

Android & iOS automation using
Appium
Pre se nte r : Abhishe k Swain,
Mindfire So lutio ns

About Me:
Abhishek Swain, Software QA Engineer
Mindfire Solutions
Skills : Robotium , Appium , Selenium WebDriver , Maven , Junit , SQL ....
Certifications : ISTQB Foundation Level, V-Skills Selenium Certified
Connect Me :
Facebook : http://www.facebook.com/jikun55
LinkedIn : http://in.linkedin.com/pub/abhishek-swain/58/8a/829/
Contact Me :
Email : abhishek.swain@mindfiresolutions.com /mfsi.abhishek@gmail.com
Skype: mfsi_abhishekswain

Agenda
 Introduction
 Features List
 Current Limitations
 Understanding Architecture
 Automating Android Apps
 Native/ Hybrid app
 Mobile Web app
 Automating iOS Apps
 Prerequisites and configurations
 On Simulators
 On Real iDevices
 Short Demo
 Questions & Answers

Introduction
Appium is an Open source , Cross Platform test
automation tool for mobile apps
Hosted with GitHub
 Maintained by Dan Cuellar, Jonathan Lipps and
a number of other contributors
Supports automation of Native , Hybrid and
Mobile Web apps
Based on WebDriver JSON wire protocol
Based on Client-Server Architecture
Appium Server written in Node.js

Features
Automation support for
 iOS Mobile
 Android
 Firefox mobile OS
Cross-Platform

Features
Automation support for
 Native App
 Hybrid App
 Mobile Web App
Application Types

Features
 Supports all the WebDriver Client Libraries
 Java
 Ruby
 Python
 JavaScript
 PHP
 C#
Multiple Client Libraries

Features
 Common Library for all the mobile
platforms e.g. Android , iOS
 Selenium WebDriver Interfaces
implemented
 Added mobile specific functions
e.g. driver.pinch(), driver.zoom(), driver.currentActivity(),
driver.lock() etc.
 Common API for both Native and Web
components
Common API

Features
 Android
 Real Devices
 Emulators
 Native Browser
 Mobile Chrome
 iOS
 Real iDevices (e.g. iPhone, iPad etc.)
 Simulators
 Mobile Safari
Test Modalities

Limitations
 Android
 No Support for Toast messages
 Android Version 4.2+ required
 iOS
 Needs mac OSX 10.7+, lower versions
not supported

Architecture
 Client Server Architecture
 Based on WebDriver JSON Wire Protocol
 Native test libraries of respective platform is
the backbone of the backend

Architecture
 Android
 UiAutomator ( Version 4.2 or +)
 Default Backend for Android
 Selendroid ( Version 2.3+)
 A separate open source project for
Android automation
 Instrumentation is the Backend
 iOS
 Apple’s UIAutomation Framework
Which Native Library for Which Platform

Automation of Android Apps
Native & Hybrid Apps

Requirements : (Java)
 JAVA IDE (Eclipse)
 Java JDK
 Maven Plugin for Eclipse
 Selenium WebDriver Dependencies/Appium
Java-Client Dependency (Maven)
 Android SDK
 Junit
 Emulator/ Real Device
 Appium Server
 Node.js (If running appium from source)

Configurations:
 Environment Variables & Path Settings
 JAVA_HOME
 ANDROID_HOME
 MAVEN_HOME
 Android Platform Version 4.2+ must be
installed

Test Script Development :
 Create a maven project in Eclipse
 Add dependency
<dependency>
<groupId>io.appium</groupId>
<artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
<version>1.1.0</version>
</dependency>

Test Script Development :
public void setUp() throws Exception
{
File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, "../../../apps/");
File app = new File(appDir, "App_Name.apk");
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability("deviceName","Android");
capabilities.setCapability("browserName", "");
capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "4.4");
capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath());
capabilities.setCapability("appPackage", “package_name ");
capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".activity_name");
driver = new AppiumDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"),
capabilities);
}
public void tearDown() throws Exception
{
driver.quit();
}

Starting Appium Server
From Source:
Install Node.js
Download Appium or Clone it using GitHub
In cmd navigate to node_modules/appium/bin
Run 'node appium [server arguments]'
From GUI Interface:
Do the configurations as needed from GUI
Click launch button to launch appium server

Appium Server Arguments
Usage : node appium [arguments](windows), appium & [arguments] (mac)
--app : To specify the path to the AUT(iOS: .app, android: apk)
-U , --udid : Unique device identifier of the connected physical device
-a, --address : IP Address to listen on
-p, --port : port to listen on
--session-override : Enables session override
--full-reset : (iOS) Delete the entire simulator folder. (Android) Reset
app state by uninstalling app instead of clearing app data. On
Android, this will also remove the app after the session is complete.
--no-reset : Don't reset app state between sessions
-l, --pre-launch : Pre-launch the application before allowing the first
session
Complete List :
https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/server-args.md

Automation of Android Apps
Web Apps

Automating Web Apps
{
capabilities.setCapability("platformName","Android");
capabilities.setCapability("deviceName","Android Emulator");
capabilities.setCapability("browserName", "Browser or Chrome");
driver = new AppiumDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"),
capabilities);
}

Automating Web Apps
 Download Google Chrome(30+) in PC
 Navigate to ‘chrome://inspect’
 Connect device / Start Emulator
 Open the browser in the Device/Emulator and
navigate to the URL under test
 Click on inspect button on Chrome to get the
page source and inspect elements
How to get Locators?

Requirements : (Java)
 Mac OS X 10.7+
 Xcode 4.6.3+
 iOS SDKs with Command Line Tools
 JAVA IDE (Eclipse)
 Java JDK
 Maven Plugin for Eclipse
 Selenium WebDriver Dependencies
 Junit
 Simulator/ Real Device
 Appium Server
 Node.js (If running appium from source)

Configurations:
 Environment Variables & Path Settings
 JAVA_HOME
 ANDROID_HOME
 MAVEN_HOME
 iOS SDKs with Command Line Tools
 Authorize the use of Instuments
 Sudo grunt authorize (If running from source)
 An alert prompts to do so if used GUI version of
Appium

Collecting the .app build of AUT
 Compile and Run the source code of AUT in
iOS Simulators
 Navigate to Library Application Support→ →
iPhone Simulator [version] Applications→ → →
[choose_folder_which_belongs_to_compiled_pro
ject] application_name.app→

Developing Test Scripts
{
File appDir = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"), "../../../apps/");
File app = new File(appDir, “App_Name.app");
capabilities.setCapability("browserName", "");
capabilities.setCapability("platformName", "Mac");
capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "iPhone Simulator");
driver = new AppiumDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);
}
public void tearDown() throws Exception
{
driver.quit();
}

Starting Appium Server
From Source:
From Terminal run the following commands
> brew install node # get node.js
> npm install -g appium # get appium
> npm install wd # get appium client
> appium & # start appium
From GUI Interface:
> Make required configurations from GUI
> Click Launch button to launch appium server

Running with Real Devices
 Specify device UDID with appium server
arguments or with the GUI version
 Compile source of AUT in debug mode
 AUT must be compiled with a Developers
Signature and a Developer Provisioning
profile(Not Distribution type)
 Device must be authorized as a development
device with xcode
 Specify Bundle ID with appium after installing
the ipa or running the AUT project directly to
device

Appium Server Capabilities
Complete List:
https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/caps.md

Locating Elements
 By Class (UI component type)
E.g
UIATextField , UIAStaticText (iOS)
android.widget.Button ,
android.widget.EditText (Android)
 By Xpath (An abstract representation of certain
element with constraints)
 By Id
 Some of the Mobile JSON Wire Protocol Strategies
Accessibility ID (for iOS the accessibility identifier and for
Android the content-description)

Appium Inspector
 Inspect Elements and the element hierarchy with a
GUI interface
 Inspect the associated attributes of an element
 Easily identify the Xpath for all the elements
 Find the enable/disable status of an element
 Record test scripts and export in the desired language
 Verify mobile commands from Inspector before
implementation

www.mindfiresolutions.com
https://www.facebook.com/MindfireSolutions
http://www.linkedin.com/company/mindfire-solutions
http://twitter.com/mindfires

References
 appium.io
 github.com/appium/appium

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