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C++ basic intro on c++ programming language ppt
- 3. Session Objectives Define Class& Objects Characteristics of OOPS History of C++ Difference Between C & C++ C++ Programming Structure Introduction to Objects
- 4. All around usin the real world are objects. Each object has certain characteristics and exhibits certain behaviour
- 6. Data Color : Black Year: 2008 Actions Start Stop Accelerate OBJEC T
- 7. The Object-Oriented Approach- III Personnel Accounts Sales The real world around is full of objects .We can consider both living beings as well as things as objects.For example,the different departments in a company are objects.
- 8. Why OOP’s Conceptare Used? The drawbacks of Traditional Programming approach are Unmanageable Programs Code Reusability not Optimum Problems in Modification of Data Difficulty in Implementation
- 9. Object – OrientedProgramming Accounts Data Employee details Salary statements Bills Vouchers Reciepts Functions Calculate salary Pay salary Pay bills Tally accounts Transact with banks Here the application has to implement the entities as they are seen in real life and associate actions and attributes with each.
- 10. Benefits of ObjectOriented Programming approach are - OOP offers better implementation OOP offers better data security OOP offers better code reusability OOP offers more flexibility OOP offers better manageable programs Large complexity in the software development can be easily managed User defined datatypes can be easily constructed
- 11. Object Oriented Approach Problem IdentificationAnalysis Design Development Testing Implementation Maintenance
- 12. Data acquisitionSystems Client/Server Computing Object –Oriented Database applications Artificial Intelligence and expert systems systems such as process control, temperature control etc. GUI based system such as Windows Applications Computer Aided Design and manufacturing Systems
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- 14. Grouping of dataand methods into a single entity is known as Data Encapsulation It is a technical name for information hiding. (i.e data hiding or data security)
- 15. Encapsulation Not accessible from outsideclass Accessible from outside class Private Public Class
- 16. Data abstraction enhancessecurity as use of data is restricted to certain functions only. Abstraction is more used where you want only a certain number of functions/methods are accessing data.
- 17. Attributes Methods Class For Example Data abstractionis a process of identifying properties and methods related much to a particular entity as relevant to the application
- 18. It is theprocess of creating a new class from an existing class
- 19. Insects Mammals ReptilesAmphibians Humans Non-Humans Animals Reusability can be achieved through inheritance
- 20. Reusability Programs can be brokeninto reusable objects Existing classes can be used with additional features Shape
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- 22. polymorphism allows aprogrammer to purse a course of action by sending a message to an object without concerning about how the software system is to implement the action Simply defined as “Same thing can behave different ones”
- 23. Class - Artiste Dancer Poet Sculptor Class: Shape Methods : Draw Move Initialize Subclasses
- 24. A class iswhat defines all the data members and the methods that an object should have. The class defines the characteristics that the object will possess; it could also be referred to as a blueprint of the object. Syntax: class class_name Eg: class fruit
- 25. For Example Polygon objects Polygon class Properties Vertices BorderColor Fill Color Methods Draw Erase Move Abstract into
- 26. Simply defined asa structure that combines the objects with some attributes (data structure) and some behavior (operation) +
- 27. Access Specifiers ofa Class Class Data or functions Data or functions Private Public Not accessible from outside the class Accessible from outside the class
- 28. To access themember data and member function defined inside the class
- 29. Object Oriented Languages Some of the leading object oriented languages are: C++ Smalltalk Eiffel CLOS Java
- 30. Author of C++is Bjarne stroustrup He invented this language in 1980's at AT&T Bell Laboratories All the C programs can be run successfully using C++ compiler
- 31. C++ was designedusing two languages such as “C” Language which gives the low-level feature and “Simula67” provides the class concept.
- 32. C Language C++Language Procedural Programming Language Object Oriented Programming Language Headerfile : #include<stdio.h> #include<iostream.h> “n” is used to go to the next line we can use endl statement Function prototypes are optional All Functions must be protyped Local variables declared only the start of a C program It can be declared anywhere in a program, before they are used Return type for a function is optional Return type must be specified Do not permit data Hiding They permit data hiding Bydefault structure members are public class members are private We can call a main() function within a program This is not allowed
- 33. Each class specificationstarts with the keyword “class” The Class Specification must always end with a semicolon (;) Data abstraction is the ability to create user-defined data types for modeling real world objects using built-in data types. Classes are used for data abstraction by hiding the implementation of a type in the “private” part. Polymorphism in Greek word means “Many Forms”
- 34. A class isan enhanced structure that provides Object-Oriented Features of C++ An object is an instance of a class which combines both data and functions together. Who developed C++? Encapsulation is the process of combining member functions and the data it manipulates and keeps them safe from outside interferrence The three access specifiers in a class are private,public,protected By default all members declared inside a class are private to that class C++ provides two pre-defined objects cin and cout for handling
- 35. EXERCISES 1. Describe theBasic concepts of OOPS? 2. List the various applications of Object oriented Programming? 3. Explain briefly Classes & Objects? 4. State the use of #include directive in C++? 5. List the various benefits of Object Oriented Programming?