CSC103 Intro to Programming

What is Programming?
Simple Answer:
 Providing a series of instructions
for a computer to read and execute.
 The instructions are written in code
which is used to solve problems or
perform a task.

Types of Programming
 Machine Language
 Assembly Languages
 High Level
Programming Languages

Machine Language
 0011 0010 1000 1110
 What a computer understands.
Hard and tedious for humans to
understand and write this code.
 Operational Code: Represents
instructions and memory locations

Assembly Language
 Developed to make it easier for humans
to write computer instructions.
 Low level language – close to the hardware.

High Level
 Less code – more instructions.
 Easier for humans to write and
understand.
 Compiler converts program code
into machine code.
 FORTRAN was first high-level
programming language (1954)

Top Programming Languages (1983)

Top Programming Languages (2004-2020)

High Level
 Python, Java, C++, C#, C
(Software, Web App, Mobile Apps)
 JavaScript, HTML, CSS
(Web Pages, servers)
 PHP, SQL (Databases, servers)

Structure/Syntax of
 Programming languages have their own
syntax – way the language is written –
Punctuation – ; : . ( ) { } [ ] < > = == #
 Keywords –
var function def array for while
 Data Types – strings, numbers, variables
Boolean, objects, arrays, lists

Functionality of
 Programming languages use algorithms
 Algorithms are step-by-step instructions
to complete a task – that a computer can
understand.
 Can be contained in functions.
 Will use Variables can hold data
or represent something else in concise way.

Coding vs. Programming
 Coding is not necessarily programming.
HTML coding is a mark-up language that
defines structure and content of web page.
CSS provides formatting and layout to a web
page (and more).
 Programming, involves problem-solving,
completing tasks, running operations,
retrieving information, analyzing data, solving
complex problems, returning data.

Credits
“Most Programming Languages
Used by Top 25 Unicorn”
Chart from
Top 10 Programming Languages
Used by Global Companies
Flyaps, 07.09.2020
Flyaps Software, NYC, Ukraine

CSC103 Intro to Programming

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