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Engaging Users with High-Performance Design | PDF
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Engaging Subscribers with
HIGH-PERFORMANCE DESIGN
#LitmusLive
1:00pm - 1:30pm
Introduction, housekeeping stuff, and some thoughts on the importance of visual design.
1:30pm - 2:30pm
The principles of visual design, and how they're applied to email.
2:30pm - 2:45pm
Understanding how design relates to engagement.
3:00pm - 4:00pm
Design challenges!
4:00pm - 4:45pm
Scaling visual design for email.
4:45pm - 5:00pm
Resources, open discussion, and wrap.
#LitmusLive
JASON RODRIGUEZ
Community & Product Evangelist, Litmus
Website: rodriguezcommaj.com
Twitter: @rodriguezcommaj
Better understand how visual design can
improve email engagement and
performance
Give you the tools and knowledge you need
to create higher-performing emails through
visual design
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Why does visual
design matter?
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50 milliseconds
Source: http://www.anaandjelic.typepad.com/files/attention-web-designers-2.pdf
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Aesthetics, or visual appeal, factors may be detected first
and that these could influence how users judge subsequent
experience and enjoyment with that site.
Source: http://www.anaandjelic.typepad.com/files/attention-web-designers-2.pdf
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46.1% of people say design is the
number one criterion for discerning
the credibility of a company.
Source: https://blog.hubspot.com/blog/tabid/6307/bid/33423/19-Reasons-You-Should-Include-Visual-Content-in-Your-Marketing-Data.aspx
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The average time spent looking at an
email increased 7%… to 11 seconds.
Source: https://litmus.com/blog/email-attention-spans-increasing-infographic
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Visual design is the
mechanism through which we interact
with subscribers.
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Accessibility
Low vision
users
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Ease of Use
The degree of [a] system’s aesthetics affected the post-use perceptions of both
aesthetics and usability, whereas the degree of actual usability had no such effect.
Don Norman, Emotional Design
Translation:
Visual design impacts experience as much as usability principles.
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Psychology
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Visual design is the
mechanism through which we interact
with subscribers.
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Principles of Visual Design
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Contrast
noun | ˈkänˌtrast |
The state of being strikingly
different from something else
in juxtaposition or close
association.
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Contrast in email
Use color to create contrast between background and foreground elements.
CSS: color, background-color
<td style="background-color: black; color: white;">
CONTENT

</td>
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Contrast in email
Use size to create contrast between elements.
CSS: font-size
<h1 style="font-size: 32px;">
</h1>
<p style="font-size: 18px;">
</p>
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Contrast in email
Use color, weight, and underlines to create contrast between links and other text.
CSS: color, font-weight, text-decoration
<a href="/" style="color: blue; font-weight:
bold; text-decoration: underline;">
</a>
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Contrast in email
1. Use contrasting colors between background and foreground.
2. Use size to reinforce contrast.
3. Underline text links for accessibility and contrast.
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Hierarchy
noun | ˈhī(ə)ˌrärkē |
An arrangement or classification
of things according to relative
importance.
#
##
###
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If everything is important,
nothing is important.
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Hierarchy in email
Use size, color, weight, and layout to create hierarchy.
CSS: color, font-weight, font-size
<h1 style="color: black; font-size: 32px; font-
weight: bold;">
</h1>
<p style="color: grey; font-size: 18px; font-
weight: normal;">
</p>
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Hierarcy in email
Use semantic markup to create hierarchical, accessible documents.
HTML: h1-h6, p, article, section, div, role="presentation"
<article>
<h1>This is a heading
</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph. With sentences.
</p>

</article>
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Hierarchy in email
Vary your layout based on content and importance.
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Hierarchy in email
1. Draw the reader's attention to what's most important.
2. Use size, color, and weight to show importance.
3. Vary your layout to reinforce hierarchy.
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Proximity
noun | präkˈsimədē |
Nearness in space, time, or
relationship.
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Proximity in email
1. Group related content together.
2. Use ample whitespace.
3. Use proximity to reinforce hierarchy and clarity.
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Readability
noun | ˈrēdəˈbilədē |
The quality of being legible or
decipherable.
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The optimal line length for body copy is 50-60 characters,
or up to 75-80 depending on who you ask.
The line length of the above is 58 characters.
Source: https://baymard.com/blog/line-length-readability
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Readability in email
Use color, font-size, line length, and line spacing to keep text readable.
CSS: color, font-size, line-height, max-width
<p style="color: black; font-size:
18px; line-height: 28px; max-width:
600px;">
</p>
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Readability in email
1. Keep copy readable so people can understand your message.
2. Rely on color contrast, font size, line spacing, and line lengths.
3. Use inherently readable fonts. The fancier the font, the harder it is
to read.
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Alignment
noun | ˈəˈlīnmənt |
Arrangement in a straight line,
or in correct or appropriate
relative positions.
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Alignment in email
Use text alignment to keep text readable for all users.
CSS: text-align, dir
<p style="text-align: left;">
</p>
<p dir="rtl">
</p>
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Alignment in email
1. Left align text to keep it readable for all users.
2. Align items to create structure and order.
3. Break that alignment to draw attention to key elements.
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Color
noun | ˈkələr |
Vividness of visual appearance.
A shade of meaning.
Blue
─
Security
Trust
Stability
Friendliness
Green
─
Wealth
Calm
Fresh
Natural
Red
─
Energy
Passion
Joy
Urgency
Yellow
─
Optimism
Arrogance
Youth
Education
Purple
─
Royalty
Luxury
Wisdom
Magic
Pink
─
Romantic
Love
Beauty
Feminine
Orange
─
Enthusiasm
Fun
Cheerful
Creative
Black
─
Powerful
Mystery
Sophistication
Death
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Color in email
Put color to use in emails to reinforce messaging and draw attention.
CSS: background-color, color
<div style="background-color:
rebeccapurple;">
</div>
<p style="color: black;">
</p>
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Color in email
1. Use color to reinforce messaging and convey meaning.
2. Don't use vibrating color combinations.
3. Use color sparingly as an accent or to draw attention.
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Consistency
noun | ˈkənˈsistənsē |
Conformity which is necessary
for the sake of logic and
accuracy.
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Inter- vs. intra-email
Inter-email consistency is
consistency across
different emails.
Intra-email consistency is
consistency within the
same email.
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Picture Superiority Effect
Images are remembered better
than words.
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Signal-to-Noise Ratio
The ratio of relevant vs. irrelavent
information on display.
K.I.S.S.
Signal
Noise
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K.I.S.S.
(Keep it simple and straighforward)
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Constraints
Simplify usability, minimize
errors, and improve the clarity
of your design.
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How does all of that relate
to engagement?
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Visual design is the
mechanism through which we interact
with subscribers.
Allowing subscribers to engage
Encouraging subscribers to engage
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2
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Usability
Visual design provides baseline
usability, allowing your subscribers
to engage with your content.
Mechanisms
Hierarchy, contrast, readability,
alignment, etc.
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Affordance
The patterns which help people
accomplish certain tasks.
Feeling familiar with and
empowered by an interface.
Buttons
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Motivation
Using visual design to lead a
subscriber down a specific path.
Encouraging action through visual
design cues.
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Visual design either builds or erodes
subscriber trust.
The Trust Bank
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Use visual design to fill your trust bank. Your
subscribers will engage more when they trust you.
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Phew! Let's take a break.
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Design Challenges
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How they work
1. I'll present a type of email with a specific goal.
2. We'll break into groups and discuss how to design the email.
3. We'll reconvene and present, then discuss the idea.
4. Rinse and repeat.
Let's defer judgement (mostly anything goes)
Wild ideas are encouraged (don't censor your ideas)
Say "and" instead of "but" (build on ideas instead of tearing them down)
The more ideas the better (write it down and put it up)
One conversation at a time (stay focused on the discussion)
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1. Cart abandonment
Someone visited your site, added items to their shopping
cart, but left before checkout.
Goal
Use an email to get that person into the checkout process.
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2. Forced password reset
Due to a security issue, all users need to log into their
account and create a new password.
Goal
Get the user into your app to update their password.
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3. Event invite
You have an upcoming webinar and your boss wants as
many signups as possible.
Goal
Get subscribers to sign up for the webinar.
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4. Request feedback
You want to improve your product with customer feedback,
so you need to get that feedback.
Goal
Get subscribers to fill out a feedback form.
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Implementing High-Performance
Design in Email
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Email Design Systems
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Design systems empower anyone to
produce send-ready emails.
Design, coding, and
review take up the
most time.
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A design system is a collection of reusable
elements governed by a set of standards.
- Fabio Carneiro
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Design systems: Why
Define the goals of your design system.
To ensure usability for subscribers, consistency across the
email system, adherence with brand guidelines, and ease of
production for the team.
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Design systems: What
Define what will be included in your design system.
TTypography Color Spacing Layouts Imagery
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Typography
What typefaces are used?
What size are headings?
What size is body copy?
What weights are the fonts?
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Colors
What is the primary color palette?
What are the secondary colors?
What combinations are allowed?
Do elements require specific colors?
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Spacing
How much padding is around each
element in the email?
How big are margins around headings
and paragraphs?
How is white space used to aid usability?
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Layouts
What does the email structure look like?
How many columns are there?
Are there different types of modules?
Is there a defined grid system?
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Imagery
What type of imagery is used?
What type of icons are used?
How are images prepared?
How are images sourced?
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Design systems: How
This is how the design system is actually implemented.
Documentation Examples Production Code Tools
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Documentation
Documentation explains your
design system. It provides anyone
an explanation on how to use the
design system.
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What makes a design system is
comprehensive documentation.
- Fabio Carneiro
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Docs: Format
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Docs: Content
Your documentation should contain the why, what, and how of your system.
Why
The reasoning behind
design decisions. Any
goals associated with the
visual design.
What
The components, style
rules, and resources
needed to build emails.
How
The actual examples,
instructions, and code
needed to build emails.
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Examples
Examples should be clear, concise, and motivational.
Clear
Address specific use cases
with directions on usage.
Concise
Short and to the point.
Use more examples
instead of complex ones.
Motivational
Show the ideal uses, give
users a sense of what's
possible and desired.
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Production Code
The heart of your system, the actual code powering everything.
Modular
Make it easy for different
types of emails to be built
from the same code.
Accessible
Make that code easy to
find, grab, and use.
Tested
The code needs to be well-
tested and robust, so that
nothing breaks when sent.
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All of your emails should be built
with modular components.
Header
Intro copy
Article section
Call-to-action
Footer
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Code: Snippets
Reusable blocks of code that are pulled
into an email and changed as needed.
Examples
Buttons, images, article blocks, product
features, copy blocks
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Code: Partials
Sections of code that are dynamically
pulled into an email, can't be updated
directly in the email.
Examples
Headers, footers, unsubscribe links,
disclaimers, logos
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Code: Templates
Full emails with dummy content that can
be updated before send.
Examples
Transactional email, newsletters, product
features, event notifications
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Tools
The tools required to improve efficiency and get emails out the door.
Editors
Code editors used for
creating and testing email
campaigns.
Repos
Code repositories from
which to grab and store
code.
Builders
Build tools to help
facilitate quicker email
production times.
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Tools: Code editors
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Tools: Code repositories
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Tools: Build tools
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Build tools take an upfront
investment, but have a huge payoff.
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Design systems empower anyone to
produce send-ready emails.
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Cross-Team Communication
Marketers work with
2.4 other departments to get
emails reviewed and approved.
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Executives
47.9%
Sales
32.7%
Legal/Compliance
30.3%
IT
24.1%
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Meetings
Hold kickoffs and regular meetings to educate
team members about email design and
development.
Record meetings and make them available to
everyone.
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Email Playbooks
Documentation on what emails are
included in your program and how they
can be used.
Provides strategy recommendations and
baseline education for team members.
Guide Your Team with
an Email Playbook
Shannon Crabill, T. Rowe Price
Tomorrow @ 3:40pm
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Resources
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Any questions?
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Thanks! Enjoy the conference!

Engaging Users with High-Performance Design