GPP Spreadsheets

GPP Spreadsheets

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  General Purpose PackagesSpreadsheets
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  What is aSpreadsheet? Spreadsheets are used mainly for recording mathematical data such as bank records, accounts, bills, scientific records etc. Spreadsheets carry out calculations based on the numbers and formula entered in them.
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  Spreadsheet Structure Aspreadsheet basically consists of an electronic table or grid, made up of cells . Each cell is named from the column and row which it occupies.
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  Cells, Columns andRows Cells are arranged in rows and columns . The rows are referenced by numbers and the columns by letters. Column Row Cell
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  Values, Text, andFormulae. A cell can contain one of three types of information A value (number) Text or a formula Cells containing formulae allow us to perform calculations using data stored in other cells.
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  Formulas There arefour basic calculations that can be performed in spreadsheets. These are: Addition ( + ) Subtraction ( - ) Multiplication ( * ) Division ( / ) Formulae always start with the equals sign (=) to show that the content in the cell is equal to the formula it calculates
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  Formulas Simple FormulasAn example of a simple formula: = A3+B9 Complex Formulas An example of a Complex formula: = ((A9*100)-(B9*50)+(H12*H12))/G7 Basically Complex means harder
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  Formatting As withword processing you can change the way your spreadsheet looks. This is called altering the cell format You can alter: The Column width The Row height The Cell Alignment (left, right or centred) Centre Aligned Cell Right Aligned Cell Left Aligned Cell
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  Cell Attributes Whenyou set up the attributes you are defining the format of the properties in that cell
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  Other Features CellProtection Allows you to ‘lock’ cells so they can not be changed. Insert Row & Column Allows you to add a new row or column. If you are inserting them between two columns or rows then it will move the information in them over to the next row Replication Simply means copying Good for copying formulas from one cell to another An example of this is the ‘fill down’ command
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  General Purpose PackagesSpreadsheets
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  Calculation Automatic CalculationIf you change the value in a cell any other cells that affect that value will be changed automatically Manual Calculation Automatic Calculation can be turned off so that other cells can only be updated when you tell it to.
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  Charting Values andfigures can be uninteresting and sometimes difficult to see trends. Most spreadsheet packages allow the user to create charts based on these figures. These can make presentations. interesting and colourful
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  Fully Labelled Charting
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  Functions Predefined formulasthat perform calculations, e.g. SUM, AVERAGE, MAXIMUM, MINIMUM & IF These calculate from a range of cells using the : symbol SUM(A2:A10) will add up the numbers in cells A2 to A10.
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  Functions The IFfunction is used to make a decision depending on the values given. For example this formula is in cell A10: =IF(D5>50, ‘You Win’,’You Lose’) Meaning: If the value of cell D5 is greater than 50, then place ‘You Win’ in A10, otherwise place ‘You Lose’ in A10
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  Referencing A relative reference will change when the formula it is in is replicated to other cells. An absolute reference will not change when a formula is replicated. Absolute cell references are very useful for referring to specific cells in a spreadsheet The $ symbol is used to ‘keep’ the formula relating to a particular cell. =C5*$B$2 =C6*$B$2…
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  General Purpose PackagesSpreadsheets