Download as PDF, PPTX
Uploaded byAbu Saleh Muhammad Shaon
Learing how to learn
This document provides tips and strategies for effective learning. It discusses the focused and diffuse modes of thinking, the concept of chunking information, and strategies like the Pomodoro technique. Procrastination is addressed, noting how the brain reacts to unpleasant tasks. Good strategies include spacing out repetition, testing yourself, taking breaks, and getting enough sleep. Bad strategies include passive rereading, letting highlights overwhelm you, waiting until the last minute, and not getting help to clear up confusion. The goal is to understand how the brain learns and optimize strategies accordingly.
More Related Content
Similar to Learing how to learn
Learing how to learn
- 1. Learning How To Learn Presentedby: Abu Saleh Muhammad Shaon Software Engineer at VroomVroomVroom
- 2. At the endyou will get idea about ▸ What is Learning? ▸ Chunking ▸ Procrastination & Memory ▸ Renaissance Learning and Unlocking Your Potential ▸ Awesome Good/Bad Rules of Learning
- 3. What can wedo? What do you do when you just can't figure something out? For zombies, it's pretty simple. They can just keep bashing their brains against the wall. But living brains are a lot more complex. Though, if you understand just a little bit of some of the basics about how your brain works, you can learn more easily and be less frustrated.
- 4. Introduction to ourbrain Our brain weighs three pounds, but it consumes ten times more energy by weight than the rest of the body, a very expensive organ. It is the most complex device in the universe. All of your thoughts, your hopes, your fears are in the neurons in this brain. We prize our abilities to do chess and math, but it takes years of practice to acquire these skills. There are a million billion synapses in our brain where memories are stored.
- 5. Introduction to theFocused and Diffuse Modes Researchers have found that we have two fundamentally different modes of thinking or learning. ▸ Focused Mode ▸ Diffuse Mode
- 6. Focused Mode It's whenyou concentrate intently on something you're trying to learn or to understand. it is doing one task, while minimizing time and attention on anything else. It is maintaining a singular point of attention when the brain concentrates its abilities in the prefrontal cortex, ignoring all extraneous information.
- 7. Diffuse Mode Diffuse thinkinghappens when you let your mind wander freely, making connections at random. The diffuse mode of thinking does not happen in any one area of the brain, but rather all over. Example: when you learn driving.
- 8. What is Chunking? Whenyou first look at a brand new concept it sometimes doesn't make much sense. Chunking is the mental leap that helps you unit bits of information together through meaning. The new logical whole makes the chunk easier to remember, and also makes it easier to fit the chunk into the larger picture of what you're learning.
- 9. What is Chunking? Justmemorizing a fact without understanding or context doesn't help you understand what's really going on or how the concept fits together with other concepts you're learning. So in this case you can make chunks in your brain.
- 10. How to Makea Chunk? If you're learning to play a difficult song on the guitar, the neural representation of the song in your mind can be considered as a rather large chunk. You would first listen to the song. Maybe you'd even watch someone else playing the song especially if you were just a beginner who was learning things like, how to hold the guitar.
- 11. How to Makea Chunk? You often have to grasp little bits of songs that become neuro mini-chunks, which will later join together into larger chunks. For example, over several days, you might learn how to smoothly place the musical passages on a guitar, and when you've grasped those passages, you could join them together with other passages that you've learned, gradually putting everything together so you can play the song.
- 12. How to Makea Chunk? In learning a sport, say basketball, soccer, golf. You grasp and master various bits and pieces of the skills you need. You're creating little neural mini-chunks that you can then gradually knit together into larger neural chunks. Later you can hit those larger chunks into still larger and more complex chunks that you can draw up in an instant. The best chunks are the ones that are so well ingrained, that you don't even have to consciously think about connecting the neural pattern together
- 13. Introduction to Procrastinationand Memory When you look at something that you really rather not do, it seems that you activate the areas of your brain associated with pain. Your brain, naturally enough, looks for a way to stop that negative stimulation by switching your attention to something else. But here's the trick. Researchers discovered that not long after people might start actually working out what they didn't like, that neuro-discomfort disappeared.
- 14. The Pomodoro Technique Itwas invented by Francesco Cirillo, in the early 1980's. Pomodoro is Italian for tomato. The timer you use often looks like a tomato and really, a timer is all there is to this elegant little technique. All you need to do, is set a timer to 25 minutes, turn off all interruptions, and then focus. That's it! Most anybody can focus for 25 minutes. The only last important thing is to give yourself a little reward when you're done.
- 15.
- 16.
- 17.
- 18.
- 19.
- 20.
- 21. Unlock Your potentials Makea good habits ▸ Cue ▸ Routine ▸ Rewards ▸ Belief
- 22. Unlock Your potentials Zombieevery where. If you want to study something for an hour, you will retain it longer if you spend 10 minutes each month over a semester than an hour on one day
- 23. Awesome Tricks ofLearning
- 24. Use recall After youread a page, look away and recall the main ideas. Highlight very little, and never highlight anything you haven’t put in your mind first by recalling. Try recalling main ideas when you are walking to class or in a different room from where you originally learned it. An ability to recall to generate the ideas from inside yourself is one of the key indicators of good learning.
- 25. Stop editing whilewriting It damages your confidence. It’ll take you longer to finish things. You’ll still have to edit anyway. It’ll make you a better editor.
- 26. Plan your quittingtime! Planning your quitting time is as important as planning your working time. Generally, researchers found, most perfect quit time is at 5 pm.
- 27. Test yourself On everything.All the time. Flash cards are your friend. To study most effectively, handwrite (don’t type) a problem on one side of a flash card and the solution on the other. (Handwriting builds stronger neural structures in memory than typing.
- 28. Chunk your problems Chunkingis understanding and practicing with a problem solution so that it can all come to mind in a flash. After you solve a problem, rehearse it. Make sure you can solve it cold every step. Pretend it’s a song and learn to play it over and over again in your mind, so the information combines into one smooth chunk you can pull up whenever you want.
- 29. Space your repetition Spreadout your learning in any subject a little every day, just like an athlete. Your brain is like a muscle it can handle only a limited amount of exercise on one subject at a time. rather than mass learning all at once. If you want to study something for an hour, you will retain it longer if you spend 10 minutes each week periodically than an hour on one day.
- 30. Alternate different problem‐solving techniques duringyour practice Never practice too long at any one session using only one problem solving technique after a while, you are just mimicking what you did on the previous problem. Mix it up and work on different types of problems. This teaches you both how and when to use a technique.
- 31. Take breaks It iscommon to be unable to solve problems or figure out concepts in math or science the first time you encounter them. This is why a little study every day is much better than a lot of studying all at once. When you get frustrated with a math or science problem, take a break so that another part of your mind can take over and work in the background. You can take a bath if you want.
- 32. Use explanatory questioning andsimple analogies Whenever you are struggling with a concept, think to yourself, How can I explain this so that a ten-year‐old could understand it? Using an analogy really helps, like saying that the flow of electricity is like the flow of water. Don’t just think your explanation—say it out loud or put it in writing. The additional effort of speaking and writing allows you to more deeply encode (that is, convert into neural memory structures) what you are learning.
- 33. Focus Turn off allinterrupting beeps and alarms on your phone and computer. and then focus on your study/tasks. You can use pomodoro for best focus.
- 34. Eat your frogsfirst Do the hardest thing earliest in the day, when you are fresh.
- 35. Make a mentalcontrast Imagine where you’ve come from and contrast that with the dream of where your studies will take you. Post a picture or words in your workspace to remind you of your dream. Look at that when you find your motivation lagging. This work will pay off both for you and those you love!
- 36. Hard start jumpto easy The hard start jump to easy technique may make more efficient use of your brain by allowing different parts of the brain to work simultaneously on different thoughts. In some sense, with this approach to test taking, you're being a little like an efficient chef. While you're waiting for a steak to fry, you can swiftly slice the tomato garnish and turn to season the soup and then stir the sizzling onions.
- 37. Don’t Panic Another goodtip for panicky test takers is to momentarily turn your attention to your breathing. Relax your stomach, place your hand on it, and slowly draw a deep breath.The body puts out chemicals when it's under stress.If you shift your thinking from, this test has made me afraid, to this test has got me excited to do my best, it helps improve your performance. You should blink, shift your attention, and then double check your answers using a big picture perspective, asking yourself, does this really make sense?
- 38. Passive rereading Sitting passivelyand running your eyes back over a page. Unless you can prove that the material is moving into your brain by recalling the main ideas without looking at the page, rereading is a waste of time.
- 39. Letting highlights overwhelm you Highlightingyour text can fool your mind into thinking you are putting something in your brain. A little highlighting here and there is okay, sometimes it can be helpful in flagging important points. But if you are using highlighting as a memory tool, make sure that what you mark is also going into your brain.
- 40. Merely glancing ata problem’s solution and thinking you know how to do it This is one of the worst errors students make while studying. You need to be able to solve a problem step‐by‐step, without looking at the solution.
- 41. Waiting until thelast minute to study Would you cram at the last minute if you were practicing for a track meet? Our brain is like a muscle it can handle only a limited amount of exercise on one subject at a time.
- 42. Repeatedly solving problems ofthe same type that you already know how to solve If you just sit around solving similar problems during your practice, you’re not actually preparing for a test it’s like preparing for a big basketball game by just practicing your dribbling.
- 43. Letting study sessionswith friends turn into chat sessions Checking your problem solving with friends, and quizzing one another on what you know, can make learning more enjoyable, expose flaws in your thinking, and deepen your learning. But if your joint study sessions turn to fun before the work is done, you’re wasting your time and should find another study group.
- 44. Neglecting to readthe textbook before you start working problems Would you dive into a pool before you knew how to swim? The textbook is your swimming instructor, it guides you toward the answers. You will flounder and waste your time if you don’t bother to read it. Before you begin to read, however, take a quick glance over the chapter or section to get a sense of what it’s about.
- 45. Not checking withyour instructors or classmates to clear up points of confusion Professors are used to lost students coming in for guidance, it’s our job to help you. The students we worry about are the ones who don’t come in. Don’t be one of those students.
- 46. Thinking you canlearn deeply when you are being constantly distracted Every tiny pull toward an instant message or conversation means you have less brain power to devote to learning. Every tug of interrupted attention pulls out tiny neural roots before they can grow.
- 47. Not getting enoughsleep Your brain pieces together solving problem when you sleep, and it also practices and repeats whatever you put in mind before you go to sleep. Prolonged fatigue allows toxins to build up in the brain that disrupt the neural connections you need to think quickly and well. If you don’t get a good sleep before a test, YOU ARE NOT YET DONE.
- 48. In Case youare more interested ▸ Learning How To Learn By Barbara Oakley at coursera.org ▸ Brainfacts to learn Brain’s Thinking, Sensing, Behaving ▸ Anki Flash Cards App use for Long Term Memorization ▸ Memory Challenge Extreme memory challenge
- 49.