Linux basics (part 2)

Linux basics (part 2)

• 1.
  Linux Basics Part 2
• 2.
  VIM Editor • viimproved • Installed on most Linux machines • Can be a bit confusing at first... oCheat sheets FTW • Other popular editors: oemacs onano
• 3.
  Networking • Commands: o ifconfig onetstat o route o ifup / ifdown o traceroute o mtr • Configuration setup different based on distro • DHCP vs. static
• 4.
  SSH: Secure Shell •Secure Remote Shell o Encrypted • Replaced un-secure rsh, rlogin, and telnet • Useful tricks o Port forwarding o SOCKS proxy server o Remote command automation o Remote X applications o Copy files securely
• 5.
  SSH Keys • Public/Privatekey authentication • No password “over the wire” • ssh-agent – “passwordless” logins • ssh-keygen • RSA vs DSA • Remote script automation
• 6.
  Package Management Contains filesfor a package (binaries, documentation, etc.), install scripts, and metadata about the package Picture © Flickr user 'retail-packaging'
• 7.
  Benefits of Packages •Easy to manage (install, upgrade, remove) • Central database tracks all installed packages on a system • yum/apt (or similar tools) handles dependency resolution • Package repositories make it easy to find/install common software • Included/official repos vs. external repos
• 8.
  Package Dependencies • Whatdoes this package need in order to run? osome other package? A certain (version of a) library? • What does this package provide? oie. binary, library, etc. • Simplifies package installation
• 9.
  Some Examples # Searchingfor a package yum search php apt-cache search php # Installing a package yum install php apt-get install php # List all files from a package rpm -ql php dpkg-query -L php # Updating all packages yum update apt-get upgrade
• 10.
  Services • Background processes serving something •Examples: http, email, mysql, etc • Automatically start when Linux boots Picture © Lance Albertson
• 11.
  Serving a Website •LAMP “stack” • Apache • PHP/Perl/etc • Database
• 12.
  Apache: Web Server •Easy to configure and use • Very dynamic in uses • Modular • Widely used
• 13.
  Apache: virtual hosts •Multiple websites on the same server • IP-based vs. Named-based
• 14.
  Mysql: Database server •Most commonly used database with webapps • /etc/my.cnf – config • /var/lib/mysql – data files • Other Databases: o postgresql o sqlite
• 15.
  Caching • High Trafficsites • Database caching • Memcached • Op-code caching • Static content caching
• 16.
  Configuration Management • Infrastructureprogramming language • Defining your infrastructure • Puppet • CFEngine • Chef
• 17.
  Wordpress Install • SetupMySQL & Apache • Create Virtual Host • Create Database & user • Unpack tarball • Go to website
• 18.
  Questions? source: http://xkcd.com/456/