Linux programming

Linux programming

• 1.
  Programming in theLinux Environment ISO C and POSIX Standards The Development tools Using GCC Creating and Using Libraries Dynamic modules Debugging with GDB
• 2.
  What are ISOC and POSIX Standards and Why should we care about them ?
• 3.
  The Development toolsavailable in the Linux Environment – Programming Languages Available ✔ C ✔ C++ ✔ Java ✔ Python ✔ C# (CLR comes from the Mono Project) ✔ Perl ✔ Tcl/tk ✔ Vala ✔ Lua ✔ Ada ✔ PHP ✔ Ruby ✔ Haskell, Pascal, Fortran, Lisp,
• 4.
  The Development toolsavailable in the Linux Environment – Tools for C Programming • GCC: GNU Compilers Collection • GDB: GNU Debugger • Emacs/Vi: The code editors
• 5.
  Using GCC – WritingA “Hello World” Program – Compiling and Running the program gcc -o helloworld helloworld.c ./helloworld
• 6.
  Using GCC – SomeEssential features of GCC • Including Additional Header Files gcc -I/home/abhinav/code/include include-test.c -o include-test ./include-test
• 7.
  Using GCC – SomeEssential features of GCC • Linking Libraries • Debugging symbols • Creating libraries
• 8.
  Creating and UsingLibraries – Libraries are a collection of functions – libm, libpthread, libdbm, libc Types of Libraries: – Static Libraries: .a extension – Dynamic Libraries: .so extension
• 9.
  Creating and UsingLibraries – Making object files: gcc -I./include -c new-helloworld.c print.c – Linking Object files • Gcc -o new-helloworld new-helloworld.o print.o -c : tells the compiler to only compile the file, but not to link them -o: to specify the name of the output file.
• 10.
  Creating and UsingLibraries – Creating Static Library: • gcc -o *.c • ar cr libcalc.a *.o – Linking against the static library: gcc -I./include -o calc-test calc-test.c -L. -lcalc
• 11.
  Creating and UsingLibraries – Creating Shared Library: • gcc -c -fPIC *.c • gcc -shared -fPIC -o libcalc.so *.o – Linking against the shared library: (Same as linking against a static library) gcc -I./include -o calc-test calc-test.c -L. -lcalc
• 12.
  Debugging with GDB –Generating debugging symbols: • gcc -g -o Starting the debugger: • gdb <program name> Some common commands: • b line-number or function name: sets the break point • next : step over • step: step in • p <variable name> : prints the value of the variable • where: prints the stack trace • up: moves you up in the stack
• 13.
  Dynamically Loading Modules – Concept of Plugins/modules which are loaded by the program at run tim – No dynamic or statical linking of libraries void *handle = dlopen(“libcalc.so”, RTLD_LAZY); void (*test) () = dlsym(handle, “add”); (*test) (); dlclose (handle);
• 14.
  Some other productivitytools Diff: What are the changes made in the file Patch: merging the changes Version Control tools: Git, Bazaar, mercurial, SVN, CVS
• 15.
  Thank You --Abhinav Upadhyay Twitter: iamabhi9 Irc.freenode.net: abhinav-